专业八级604Word文档格式.docx
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专业八级604Word文档格式.docx
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10.00)
TheImportanceofQuestions
Fornon-nativespeakersofEnglishwhowanttoparticipatein
groupdiscussions,itisimportanttobeabletoaskquestionsinorderto
resolvetheirdifficulties.
Ⅰ.CausesofBreakdownsin
(1)
(1)______
1.Onstudents'
part
—insufficientcommandoverthe
(2)ofEnglish
(2)______
—poorpronunciation
2.Onteachers'
—uncertaintyofwhetherhisstudenthasaskedaquestion
—thestudents(3)toemploythecorrectquestionform(3)______
—theteacherinterpretsthequestionasacomment
—difficultiesarisingevenwhenthestudentemploysan/a(4)(4)______
questionform
—theteachermaynotknowaboutthe(5)ofthestudent'
(5)______
Difficulty
Ⅱ.SpecificQuestions
1.Beginquestionswithan/a(6).(6)______
2.Becarefulto(7)theexactpoint.(7)______
Ⅲ.AnotherReasonfortheCorrectUseof(8)—Politeness(8)______
1.Thestudentsusestheimperative(9)thequestionform(9)______
whenheisnervousorstrugglingwithnewsubjectmatter.
2.Theteachermayinterpretitas(10)andfeelangry.(10)______
2.Theteachermayinterpretitas(10)andfeelangry.(10)______(分数:
填空项1:
__________________
(正确答案:
Communication)
解析:
[听力原文]1-10
Non-nativespeakersofEnglish,liketheirnativecounterparts,usuallyfindthattheopportunitytoparticipateingroupdiscussionsisoneofthemostvaluableaspectsintheirwholeacademicprogramme.Butinordertoobtainfullvaluefromthistypeofactivitythestudentmustbeproficientinaskingquestions.Ifheisn'
t,thenanyattempttoresolvehisdifficultiesmayleadtofurtherconfusion,ifnotconsiderableembarrassment.
Somestudentswhoarenotfluentinthelanguagefindthatintheearlystagesoftheircoursetherearefrequentbreakdownsincommunication.Thereare,ofcourse,manypossibleexplanationsforthis.ThestudentmaynothaveasufficientcommandoverthegrammarandvocabularyofEnglishtoenablehimtoexpresshimselfclearly.Hemay,ontheotherhand,haveapoorpronunciation.Factorssuchasthese,ofcourse,requireurgentandpersistentattentiononthepartofthestudent.Butaveryfrequentcauseofmisunderstandingindiscussionsessionsandonewhichcanmuchmoreeasilybeputright,istheteacher'
suncertaintywhetherhisstudenthas,infact,askedaquestionatall.Whatoftenhappensisasfollows.Thestudent,puzzledaboutaparticularpoint,decidestoaskaquestion.Assooftenhappenswhenunderpressure,hetendstoconcentratemostofhisattentiononthesubjectmatterandhepayspracticallynoattentiontothelanguage.Consequentlyhefailstoemploythecorrectquestionform.Forexample,hemayuseastatementforminstead.Theresultispredictable.Theteacherinterpretstheintendedquestionasacomment.Hetheneitheragreesordisagreeswithit,orhecontinueswithwhathewassayingbefore.
However,evenwhenthestudentdoesemployanappropriatequestionform,difficultiesmaystillarise.Theteachermaynotknow,forexample,whatthesourceofthestudent'
sdifficultyis.Thebasicdifficultymay,infact,beoneoftheseveraldifferenttypes.Itmaylieinthestudent'
slimitedauralperception,inotherwords,thestudentmaynothaveclearlyheardwhatwassaid;
oritmaylieinhisinsufficientlinguisticknowledge,thatistosay,hemaynothaveunderstoodtheEnglishthathisteacheremployed;
oralternatively,itmaylieinhislackofknowledgeofthesubjectmatteritself,i.e.hemaynothaveworkedoutthemeaningofapointinrelationtothespecialsubject.Eachtypeofdifficultyrequiresadifferentkindofquestion.Ifthestudent,forexample,doesnotclearlyspecifythathisdifficultyisthathedidnotquitecatchwhatwassaid,thentheteacherisquitelikelytogiveanexplanationintermsofthesubjectmatter.Allwhatisreallynecessaryinsuchcasesisasimplerepetitionoftheoriginalstatement.
Next,astudentmustensurethathisteacherisclearaboutexactlywhichpointheisreferringto.Toputitinanotherway,thequestionmustbespecific,Inordertobeabsolutelyprecise,itisagoodideaifstudentsprefacetheirquestionswithanintroductorystatement.Theymightsay,forexample,somethinglikethefollowing:
"
Idon'
tunderstandthepointyoumadeatthebeginningofthediscussionaboutcostinflation.Couldyouexplainitagainplease?
"
Theteacherisalwaysinapositiontogiveasatisfactoryanswertothisformofquestionwithoutanywasteoftime.Heknowswhattypeofdifficultythestudenthasoneofsubjectmatter.Heknowswherethedifficultyoccurs—atthebeginningofthediscussion.Andheknowspreciselywhatpointthestudentrefersto—costinflation.
Perhaps,beforeconcluding,onefurtherexamplemaybehelpfulWhenastudentisgiventheopportunitytoaskquestionsonatext,hemustbeparticularlycarefultolocatetheexactpoint.Thus,"
Page3,threelinesfromthetop,theword'
straightforward'
.Wouldyouexplainittomeplease?
isclearlyabetterquestionthantheutteranceandthenatureofthedifficulty.Allthisis,ofcourse,commonsense,butitissurprisinghowoftenstudentsignoreit.
Finally,onepointshouldbementionedbeforeweleavethissubject.Thecorrectuseofthequestionformismoreimportantforanotherreasonthanbasiccommunication.ItisoftennecessarytoemployitBecausenottodosowouldberude.Thenon-nativespeakerisnormallywellawareofthis,butwhenheisnervousandisstrugglingwithnewsubjectmatterinaforeignlanguage,hemaysometimesfindhimselfusingtheimperativeinsteadoftheinterrogativeform.LearnersofEnglishhave,forexample,saidtomesuchthingsas"
Seemeheretomorrow"
or"
Explainthis"
.Fortunately,asIdealtwithnon-nativespeakersandasIunderstandtheirlanguageproblems,Iinterpretthisasinadequacyinthelanguageratherthanrudeness.Otherteachers,however,mayfeelangryatreceivingsuchorders.Itisimportant,therefore,topracticethenecessaryquestionformsinordertoavoidsuchproblems.
grammarandvocabulary)
fail)
appropriate/proper)
source)
introductorystatement)
locate/speakout)
theQuestionForm)
insteadof/ratherthan)
rudeness)
三、SECTIONB(总题数:
5.00)
InthissectionyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Markthecorrectanswertoeachquestiononyouranswersheet.
Questions1to5arebasedonaninterview.AttheendoftheinterviewyouwillbegivenI0secondstoanswereachofthefollowingfivequestions.Nowlistentotheinterview.
Questions1to5arebasedonaninterview.AttheendoftheinterviewyouwillbegivenI0secondstoanswereachofthefollowingfivequestions.Nowlistentotheinterview.(分数:
(1).AccordingtoSamanthaHeller,peopletendtoeatmilkchocolatebecause(分数:
1.00)
A.itislessbitterthandarkchocolate.
√
B.itismorehealthythandarkchocolate.
C.ithasspecialflavorwithmanynutrients.
D.itislessexpensivethandarkchocolate.
[听力原文]1-5
M:
Thoughshouldchocolateloverseverywhereberejoicingtoday,SamanthaHellerisacontributingeditorofHealthMagazineandaclinicalnutritionistatNewYorkUniversityMedicalCenter.HeySamantha,goodmorning.
W:
Goodmorning.
Peopletendtodotheoneplusoneequalstwo,andconsiderthingsOK.IjustheardthisnewsandI'
mgoingoutbuyingalotofchocolate.Badidea?
It'
sahadidea.Andthereasonisthatthewayweprocesschocolateinthiscountry—thewaywedilutewithalotofsugarandfattakesoutalotofthehealthycompounds.
AndIambasicallytalkingaboutthatdarkchocolateisgoodforyou.Inthiscountrytherearemorepeoplewhotendtoconsumemilkchocolate.
That'
sright.That'
sdilutedandit'
streatedtotakethebitternessofdarkchocolateout.Andthat'
salsotakingoutthehealthycompoundthat'
sinit.Youcantake,likecocoapowderandmakeyourownhotchocolateandyou'
regettingsomeofthebenefits.
Butyoudon'
tdisputethefactthatthisflavonoidseederfoundinchocolatemaybebeneficialtohealth.
Itmayabsolutelybebeneficialbutwhatwearefindingoutinres
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