CET4ModelTest3Word文档格式.docx
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CET4ModelTest3Word文档格式.docx
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3.你的观点及建议
PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)
Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.
Forquestions1-7,mark
Y(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswithinformationgiveninthepassage;
N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;
NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.
Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.
ObesityinChildren
Obesityinchildrenandadolescentsisrisingatanalarmingrate.Currentlyover15%ofyoungpeopleover6yearsoldareobese,andobesityisalsoincreasingamongchildrenaged5andyounger.
ChildrenareconsideredtobeoverweightiftheBMI(BodyMassIndex)isover85%oftheweightgroupintheirageandsexcategories.Ifitis95%andover,theyareconsideredtobeobese.Adolescentsaregenerallyjudgedaccordingtoadultcriteriaforobesity,althoughthereareotherconsiderationsinthispopulation.Ethnicvariations,timingofgrowthspurts,andhighernormalfatlevelsaroundpubertycancausedisparitiesinthesemeasurements.
CausesandRiskFactorsforObesityinChildren
LifestyleFactors.Withouteducationalorparentalguidance,childrenareextremelyvulnerabletotheintenseculturalpressuresthatarelargelyresponsiblefortheobesityepidemic.Neitherthemedianortheeducationalsystemhasstrongwell-financedprogramsthatencouragehealthy-alternatives,includingexerciseandhealthyfoods.Thefollowingaresomespecificproblemscreatedbytheculture:
*Excessivetelevisionwatchingplaysacriticalroleinobesityinchildren.Notonlyisitasedentaryactivity,buttelevisionalsooffersinnumerabletemptationswithitsadvertisementsforfastfoods,sugarcereals,andunhealthysnacks.Inonestudyobesityrateswerelowestinchildrenwhowatchedtelevisiononehourorlessadayandhighestinthosewhowatchedfourormorehours.
*Sugar,particularlyfromsoda,othersweetenedbeverages,andfruitjuice,maybemajorcontributorstochildhoodobesity.Onestudyreportedthatdrinkingsodaregularlyincreasesachild'
sriskforobesityby60%.
*Lessphysicalexerciseandgreatersedentaryactivitiesplayanothersignificantroleinobesityinchildren.Ahighlevelofphysical,activity-notjustusingupenergy-isimportantforweightcontrolinyoungpeople.
FamilyHistory.Parentalobesitymorethandoublestheriskthatayoungchild,whetherthinoroverweight,willbecomeobeseasanadult.Inolderchildrenandteenagers,obesityinparentsstartstocountlessasapredictorforbodyweightthantheirownweight.Theriskmaybeduetoenvironmentalorgeneticfactors,orboth.
EthnicandSocioeconomicFactors.Asinadultpopulations,childrenfromlowersocioeconomicgroupsandminoritypopulationsareathigherriskforobesity.Forexample,amongyoungMexicanAmericansandAfricanAmericans,therehasbeenanincreaseinoverweightprevalenceofabout13%toover23%.
FactorsSurroundingBirth.Thefollowingfactorssurroundingbirthareassociatedwithachild'
sweight:
*Lowbirthweightisariskfactorforlaterobesityanddiabetes.Onetheoryisthathumanshavea"
thriftygene"
thatproducesmetabolicchangesininfantswithlowbirthweight.Suchchangesaffectinsulinandfataccumulationinordertoproducea"
catch-up"
weightintheseyoungchildrenasquicklyaspossible.Thisrapidweightgainininfancyincreasesthegainriskforobesityinchildrenandalsoinyoungadulthood.
*InastudyofAfricanAmericanchildren,havinganoverweightpregnantmotherincreasedtheriskforlaterweightgain,butlowbirthweightdidnot.
Althoughsomesmallstudieshavereportedprotectionagainstobesityfrombreastfeeding,evidenceisweak.Ina2003study,forexample,childrenwhowerebreastfedforthreetofivemonthshadalowerriskforobesity,butprolongedbreastfeedinghadnoeffect.Nevertheless,giventhehealthfuleffectsofbreastfeedingandthepossibilitythatitmayhaveevenaslightimpactonchildhoodobesity,itishighlyrecommended.
HealthConsequencesofChildhoodObesity
Childrenandadolescentswhoareobesehavepoorerhealththanotherchildren.Studiesarereportingunhealthycholesterollevelsandhighbloodpressureinobesechildrenandadolescents.Ofgreatconcernisthedramaticincreaseintype2diabetesinyoungpeople,whichismostcertainlylargelydueto
theirageandsexcategories.
2.Theeducationalsystemispositiveinpromotingexerciseandhealthyfoods,accordingtothepassage.
3.Itisobservedthatchildrenwatchingtelevisiononehourorlessadaytendtobelesslikelytosufferfromobesity.
4.Theintakeofsugaramongchildrenisanimportantcontributortochildhoodobesity.
5.Inmostcases,obesechildrentendtohaveparentssufferingobesity,asenvironmentalorgeneticfactorsarethemajorreasonsforchildhoodobesity.
6.Infantswithlowbirthweightmayfaceariskforobesityastheygrowupintochildhoodandyoungadulthood.
7.Forobesechildren,achievingahealthyweightbecomesmoredifficultastheygetolder,asthepersistenceisbiological.
8.Obesechildrenandadolescentshavepoorerhealth,astheyarereportedtohaveunhealthy_______.
9.Itissuggestedthatreducingcalorieswouldpreventweightgaininmostoverweightchildren.
10.Theauthorbelievesthatitdoesnothelptocriticizechildrenforbeingoverweight,asthismayincreasetheriskfor.
PartⅢListeningComprehension(35minutes)
SectionA
Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
11.A)Onlytruefriendshipcanlastlong.
B)Letterwritingisgoingoutofstyle.
C)Shekeepsinregulartouchwithherclassmates.
D)Shehaslostcontactwithmostofheroldfriends.
12.A)Apainter.C)Aporter.B)Amechanic.D)Acarpenter.
13.A)Lookforaplacenearheroffice.C)Makeinquirieselsewhere.
B)Findanewjobdownthestreet.D)Rentthe$600apartment.
14.A)Hepreferstowearjeanswithalargerwaist.
B)Hehasbeenextremelybusyrecently.
C)Hehasgainedsomeweightlately.
D)HeenjoyedgoingshoppingwithJaneyesterday.
15.A)Thewomanpossessesanaturalforart.
B)Womenhaveabetterartistictastethanmen.
C)Heisn’tgoodatabstractthinking.
D)Hedoesn’tlikeabstractpaintings.
16.A)Shecouldn’thavelefthernotebookinthelibrary.
B)shemayhaveputhernotebookamidthejournals.
C)sheshouldhavemadecarefulnoteswhiledoingreading.
D)sheshouldn’thavereadhisnoteswithouthisknowingit.
17.A)shewantstogetsomesleepC)shehasaliteratureclasstoattend
B)sheneedstimetowriteapaperD)sheistroubledbyhersleepproblem
18.A)Heisconfidenthewillgetthejob.
B)Hischanceofgettingthejobisslim.
C)Itisn’teasytofindaqualifiedsalesmanager.
D)Theinterviewdidn’tgoaswellasheexpected.
Questions19to21arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
19.A)Hecanmanagehistimemoreflexibly.
B)Hecanrenewcontactwithhisoldfriends.
C)Hecanconcentrateonhisownprojects.
D)Hecanlearntodoadministrativework.
20.A)Readingitsadsinthenewspapers.B)Callingitspersonneldepartment.
C)Contactingitsmanager.D)Searchingitswebsite.
21.A)Tocutdownitsproductionexpenses.
B)Tosolvetheproblemofstaffshortage.
C)Toimproveitsadministrativeefficiency.
D)Toutilizeitsretiredemployees’resources.
Questions22to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
22.A)Buyatractor.B)Fixahouse.
C)Seeapieceofproperty.D)Singabusinesscontract.
23.A)Itisonlyfortymilesformwheretheylive.
B)Itisasmallonewithatwo-bedroomhouse.
C)Itwasalargegardenwithfreshvegetables.
D)Ithasalargegardenwithfreshvegetables.
24.A)Growingpotatoeswillinvolvelesslabor.
B)Itssoilmaynotbeverysuitableforcorn.
C)Itmaynotbebigenoughforraisingcorn.
D)Raisingpotatoeswillbemoreprofitable.
25A)FinancesB)EquipmentC)LaborD)Profits
SectionB
Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
PassageOne
26A)Tointroducethechiefofthecity’spoliceforce
B)Tocommentonatalkbyadistinguishedguest
C)Toaddresstheissueofcommunitysecurity
D)Toexplainthefunctionsofthecitycouncil
27A)Hehasdistinguishedhimselfincitymanagement
B)HeisheadoftheInternationalPoliceForce
C)Hecompletedhishighereducationabroad
D)Heholdsamaster’sdegreeincriminology
28A)Tocoordinateworkamongpolicedepartments
B)Togetpoliceofficersclosertothelocalpeople
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