假期实践报告Word文档格式.docx
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假期实践报告Word文档格式.docx
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注意:
此句中的given在许多语法书中作为介词处理。
4.过去分词作让步状语相当于一个让步状语从句。
Left(Althoughhewasleft)athome,Johndidn'
tfeelafraidatall.
虽然John被单独留在房间里,他一点都不害怕。
5.过去分词作状语表示伴随动作或状态。
Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,(andhewas)followedbyagroupofstudents.
老师进入教室,后面跟着一帮学生。
1)过去分词做状语(表原因,让步,时间,结果。
。
)过去分词与主句的主语是动宾关系,即过去分词与主语是被动关系。
①Theteachercameintoclassroomintothelab,followedbysomestudents.
theteacher与followed形成被动关系
句意为老师进入教室,后面跟了一些学生。
②Theteachercameintoclassroom,followingtheteacher.
Theteacher与following形成主动关系。
2)过去分词的主语与从句的主语不一致,过去分词用独立的结构。
其过去分词前面也要带上主语。
④Allthingsconsidered,herpaperisofgreatvaluethanyours.
allthings和herpaper不是同一个主语
从上面中,我们可以看到,things与herpaper不是同一个主语.所以过去分词前的主语不能省略
一.过去分词作状语的基本用法:
过去分词作状语主要是说明谓语动作发生的背景或条件;
表示原因、时间、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
过去分词可置于主句前,也可置于主句后,用逗号与主句隔开。
1.原因状语
Chokedbytheheavysmoke,hecouldhardlybreathe.他被浓烟呛了,几乎不能呼吸了。
Caughtinaheavyrain,hewasallwet.因为淋了一场大雨,所以他全身湿透了。
Frightenedbythenoiseinthenight,thegirldidn’tdaretosleepinherroom.受到夜晚响声的惊吓,那姑娘不敢睡在她的房间。
2.时间状语
Lefttoitselfintheroom,thebabybegantocry.当被孤独地留在房间里时,婴儿哭了起来。
Askedwhyhedidit,themonitorsaiditwashisduty.当被问及这件事时,班长说这是他的职责。
Approachedinthedark,thelightslookedlonelyandpurposeless.在黑暗中走近时。
那些电灯显得孤单而无意义。
3.条件状语
Seeninthisaspect,thematterisn’tasseriousaspeoplegenerallysuppose.如果从这个角度看,问题并不像人们一般预料的那样`严重。
Growninrichsoil,theseseedscangrowfast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快。
Givenbetterattention,theaccidentcouldhavebeenavoided.要是多加注意,那次事故就能避免了。
Wateredmore,thesecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.如果多浇点水,这些大白菜还可以长的得更好。
Comparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo.和你相比,我们还有很大的差距。
4.方式或伴随状语
Surroundedbyhisstudents,theprofessorsattherecheerfully.那位教授在学生的簇拥下,兴高采烈地坐在那儿。
Hestoodtheresilently,movedtotears.他静静地站在那里,被感动得热泪盈眶。
Theoldmanwentintotheroom,supportedbyhiswife.那位老人在妻子的搀扶下,走进了房间。
5.让步状语
Beatenbythepoliceandsenttojail,Gandicreatedtheprincipleofnonviolentresistance.尽管受警察的殴打,被投入监狱,甘地却首创了非暴力抵抗的原则。
Defeatedagain,hedidn’tloseheart.尽管再次被击败,但他没有灰心。
Waitedbyothersforoverhalfanhour,hedidn’tturnupatthemeeting.尽管别人等了他半个多小时,他还是没有到会。
6.独立成份(插入语)
Givengoodweather,ourshipwillreachShanghaionMondayevening.假如天气好,我们的船将于星期一晚上到达上海。
I’dcomeandseeyouinNewYork,giventhechance.如果有机会,我就到纽约来看你。
Generallyspeaking,peopleallbelievewhathehassaid.一般说来,人们都相信他所说的。
二.现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别
1.逻辑关系
现在分词作状语与过去分词作状语的最主要区别在于:
两者与所修饰的主句的主语的逻辑关系的区别。
1)现在分词作状语时,现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。
Hewentout,shuttingthedoorbehindhim.他出去后将门随手关上。
Notknowingwhattodo,hewenttohisparentsforhelp.由于不知如何办是好,他去找父母帮忙。
2)过去分词作状语时,过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。
Givenmoreencouragement,theboycouldhavebehavedbetter.如果多给这个孩子一些鼓励,他本来会表现得更好。
Facedwithdifficulties,wemusttrytoovercomethem.在遇到困难时,我们必须设法克服。
3)部分过去分词来源于系表结构,作状语时不表示“被动关系”,其前不用being。
这样的
过去分词及短语常见的有:
lostin(陷入某种状态)、seated(坐着的)、hidden(躲着)、stationed(驻扎)、lost/absorbed(沉溺于)、bornin(出身于)、dressedin(穿着)、tiredof(厌烦了)等。
Lost/Absorbedindeepthought,hedidn’thearthesound.因为沉溺于思考中,所以他没有听到那个声音。
Borninthisbeautifultown,hehatestoleaveit.出生于这个美丽的小镇,他不愿离开它。
2.时间概念
过去分词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前,或表示“一种状态”,与谓语动作同时发生或存在。
现在分词的一般式(doing)表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生或在说话时正在进行;
现在分词的完成式(havingdone)表示发生在谓语动作之前的一个“主动”动作;
现在分词的完成式的被动式(havingbeendone)常和表示次数的短语及时间段(for+一段时间)连用,表示发生在谓语动作之前的一个“被动动作”,这种情况下不能用过去分词替换,其它情况下通常被过去分词所替换,使句式更简洁。
Writteninahurry,thisarticlewasnotsogood.因为写得匆忙,这篇文章不是很好。
Readingcarefully,hefoundsomethinghehadn’tknownbefore.他仔细读书时,发现了一些从前不知道的东西。
Havingfinishedhishomework,hewenthome.完成了作业,他就回家了。
Havingbeendiscussedseveraltimes,thedecisionwasfinallymade.进行了几次讨论后,终于做出了决定。
小练习:
用所给动词的正确形式填空
1.____(dress)inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.
2.____(put)intouseinApril2000,thehotlinewasmeantforresidentsreportingwaterandheatingsupplybreakdown.
3.____(attract)bythebeautyofnature,thegirldecidedtospendanothertwoweeksonthefarm.
4.____(look)outofthewindow,Isawsomechildrenplayinghide-and-seek.
5.Hewenttobed_____(drink),andwhenhewokeup,hefoundhestillhadhisshoeson.
6.Hehadanaccident_____(drive)toworkyesterday.
Keys:
1.Dressed2.Put3.Attracted4.Looking5.drunk6.driving
1、(2006年陕西17)
Faced with a bill for $10,000,___________.
A.John has taken an extra job
B.the boss has given john an extra job
C.an extra job has been taken
D.an extra job has been given to John
2、(2006年四川33)
____________with so much trouble,we failed to complete the task on time.
A.Faced
B.Face
C.Facing
D.Toface
3、(2006年福建33)
______for the breakdown of the school computer network,Alice was in low spirits.
A.Blaming
B.Blamed
C.To blame
D.To be blamed
4、(2006年广东29)
No matter how frequently_____,the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.
A.performed
B.performing
C.to be performed
D.being performed
5、(2005年上海33)
___into use in April 2000,the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.
A.Put
B.Putting
C.Having put
D.Being put
6、(2005年湖南22)
____in a white uniform,he looks more like a cook than a doctor.
A.Dressed
B.To dress
D.Dressing
D.Having dressed
7.Ifheated,_______.A.peoplecanturnwaterintogasB.onecanchangeiceintowater
佳禾
C.iceturnsintowaterD.peoplegetwaterfromice
答案:
1.A 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.A 6.A7.C
高考英语非谓语动词练习题及参考答案
下面是历年高考题:
做做看!
(78)1.I"
veheardhim_____aboutyouoften.
A.spokeB.speaksC.speak
(79)2.I"
mhungry.Getmesomething_____.
A.eatB.toeatC.eatingD.foreating
(79)3.Thereisn"
tanydifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydon"
tknow_____
A.wheretochooseB.whichtochooseC.tochoosewhatD.tochoosewhich
79)4,Theteachertoldthem_____makesomuchnoise.
A.don"
tB.notC.willnotD.notto
(79)5.Isawhim_____outoftheroom.
A.goB.hadgoneC.hasgoneD.goes
(79)6.I"
mgoingtohavemyradio
A.fixedB.tofixC.fixD.fixing
(80)7.Theworkerswantus_____togetherwiththem.
A.workB.workingC.toworkD.worked
(80)8.Theofficersnarrowlyescaped_____inthehotbattle.
A.havekilledB.tokillC.tobekilledD.beingkilled
(80)9._____theletter,hewentouttopostit,
A.WritingB.BeingwrittenC.HavingwrittenD.Written
(80)10.Ifyouwaveyourbookinfrontofyourface,youcanfeeltheair_____againstyourface.
A.movedB.movingC.movesD.tomove
(81)11.Don"
tyouremember_____
A.seeingthemanbeforeB.toseethemanbefore
C.sawthemanbeforeD.tohaveseenthemanbefore
注;
第11题A.D答案均为正确
(83)12.Peoplecouldn"
thelp_____thefoolishemperorintheprocession.
A.laughatB.tolaughatC.laughingatD.laughingon
(83)13.What"
sthelanguageinGermany
A.speakingB.spokenC.bespokenD.tospeak
(83)14.We"
relookingforward_____thephotoexhibition.
A.tovisitingB.tovisitC.tohavingvisitedD.visiting
(83)15.Ourheadmasteroftentoldus_____thingsforgranted.
A.nottohaveB.nottotakeC.didn"
ttakeD.nottomake
(83)16.Thegirl_____underthattreeismysister.
A.sittingB.sitsC.issittingD.sat
(84)17.___someofficials,Napoleoninspectedhisarmy.
A.FollowedB.FollowedbyC.BeingfollowedD.Havingbeenfollowedby
(84)18.Doyouremember_____meatapartylastyear
A.meetB.tomeetC.meetingD.met
(85)19.Thissentenceneeds_____
A.animprovementB.improveC.improvingD.improved
(85)20."
Whatareyougoingtodothismorning"
"
I"
mthinkingof_____tovisitmyaunt."
A.goB.goingC.havinggoneD.mygoing
(85)21._____anythingabouttheaccident,hewenttoworkasusual.
A.NotknownB.KnownnotC.KnowingnotD.Notknowing
(85)22."
Haveyoudecidedwhen_____"
Yes,tomorrowmorning."
A.toleaveB.tobeleavingC.willyouleaveD.areyouleaving
(85)23.Ireallyenjoy_____thatkindofjob.
A.doB.doingC.todoD.tobedoing
(85)24."
There"
saholeinyourbag."
lknow.Iamgoingtohaveit_____."
A.mendB.mendingC.mendedD.tobemended
(86)25.Thenextmorningshefoundthemaninbed,_____dead.
A.lyingB.lieC.layD.laying
(86)26.Tellhim_____thewindow.
A.toshutnotB.nottoshutC.tonotshutD.notshut
(86)27.Onlyoneofthesebooksis
A.worthtoreadB.worthbeingreadC.wrothofreadingD.worthreading
(86)28.Hehadhisleg_____inthematchyesterday.
A.tobreakB.brokenC.breakD.breaking
(86)29.Ican"
timagine_____thatwiththem.
A.doB.todoC.beingdoneD.doing
(87)30.Mostofthepeople_____tothepartywerefamousscientists.
A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.inviting
(87)31.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed_____.
A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatch
(87)32.Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister_____,todayhewasmade_____byhislittlesister.
A.cry;
tocryB.crying;
cryingC.cry;
c
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