职称英语等级考试综合类A级试题答案及题解Word下载.docx
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职称英语等级考试综合类A级试题答案及题解Word下载.docx
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AplayBsendCshowDtell
4Anotablyshortman,heplaysbasketballwithhisstaffseveraltimesaweek.
ApracticallyBconsiderablyCremarkablyDcompletely
5Thedentisthasdecidedtoextractherbadtooth.
AtakeoutBrepairCpushinDdig
6Itisabsurdtopredictthatthesunwillnotrisetomorrow.
AridiculousBfunnyCoddDfoolish
7Alotofpeoplecouldfallillafterdrinkingcontaminatedwater.
AmuddiedBpollutedCmixedDtroubled
8Theroomisdimandquiet.
AtinyBpleasantCdarkDagreeable
9Theindexisthegovernment’schiefgaugeoffutureeconomicactivity
AmeasureBopinionCevaluationDdecision
10It’sprudenttostartanyexerciseprogramgraduallyatfirst.
AworkableBsensibleCpossibleDfeasible
11Heisrenownedforhisskill.
ArememberedCpraisedBrecommendedDwell-known
12Youhavetobepatientifyouwanttosustainyourposition.
AmaintainBestablishCacquireDsupport
13Shestoodthere.tremblingwithfear.
AjumpingBcryingCswayingDshaking
14Medicalfacilitiesarebeingupgraded.
ArenewedBrepairedCimprovedDincreased
15Marylookedpaleandweary.
AgloomyBuglyCsillyDexhausted
第2部分:
阅渎判断(第16~22题,每题1分,共7分)
阅读下面这篇短文,短文后列出了7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。
如果该句提供的是正确信息,请在答题卡上把A涂黑;
如果该句提供的是错误信息,请在答题卡上把B涂黑:
如果该旬的信息文章中没有提及,请在答题卡上把C涂黑。
WinnersandLosers
WhyarethebiggestwinnersinthepastdecadeoftradeglobalizationmostlyinSouthandEastAsia,whereasthebiggestlosersaremostlyinthe.formerSovietbloc(集团)and
sub—SaharanAfrica?
Historyisapartialguide:
EastAsiahasalongtradingtradition,latelyreinvigorated(给以新的活力)bytheChineseadoptionofmarketeconomics.TheSovietUnion,ontheotherhand,wasshelteredfromfree—marketforcesformorethan70years.InAfrica,somecountriesaredisadvantagedbecauseofinadequateinfrastructure(基础结构);
manycountrieshavelittletotradebutcommodities,thepricesofwhichhavefalleninrecentyears.
Insomeregions,certaincountrieshavesufferedbyadoptingmisguidedpolicies,often
underpressurefromInternationalMonetaryFund.FirstamongtheseisRussia.whichinthe
early1990striedtoembracecapitalismbeforefirstbuildingtheinstitutionsthatmakecapitalismwork,suchasanindependentbanksystem,asystemofbusinesslaw,andalladequatemethodforcollectingtaxes.EncouragedbytheIMFtheWorldBankandtheU.S.DepartmentoftheTreasury,PresidentBorisYeltsin’sregimeprivatizedthestate.ownedindustrialsector,creatingaclassofoligarchs(寡头政治集团成员),who,knowinghowunstableconditionswereathome.senttheirmoneyabroadinsteadofinvestingitathome.
Incontrast,China,thebiggestwinnerfromglobalization,didnotfollowtheIMFformula.
OftheformerstatesoftheSovietbloc,onlyafew,notablyPolandandHungary,managedtogrow,whichtheydidbyignoringIMFadviceandadoptingexpansionaryplans.including
spendingmorethantheycollectedintaxes.BotswanaandUgandaarealsoSuccessstories:
despitetheirdisadvantages,theircountriesachievedvigorousgrowthbycreatingstablecivilsocieties,liberalizingtradeandimplementingreformsthatrancountertoIMFprescriptions.
16Japanhasalongtradingtradition.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
17RussiawaswronglyguidedbytheIMF.
18AllAfricancountriesfollowedtheIMFformula.
19TheSovietUnionwasacapitalistcountry.
20Australiaisoneofthebiggestwinnersfromglobalization.
21ChinadidnottakeIMFadvice.
22ManyhighofficialsinRussiahavemuchbenefitedfromprivatization.
第3部分:
概括大意与完成句子(第23~30题,每题1分,共8分)
阅读下面这篇短文,短文后有2项测试任务:
(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2~5段每段选择1个正确的小标题;
(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项,分别完成每个句子。
StanfordUniversity
1StanfordUniversity,famousasoneofnorthernCalifornia’sseveralinstitutionsofhigherlearning,issometimescalled“theHarvardoftheWest.”TheclosenessofStanfordtoSanFrancisco,acitythirty-twomilestothenorth,givestheuniversityadecidedlycosmopolitan(世界性的)flavor.
2ThestudentsareenrolledmainlyfromthewesternUnitedStates.ButmostofthefiftystatessendstudentstoStanford,andmanyforeignstudentsstudyhere,aswell.Andstandardsforadmissionremainhigh.Youngmenandwomenareselectedtoentertheuniversityfromtheupperfifteenpercentoftheirhighschoolclasses.
3Notonlybecauseofmehighcaliber(素质)ofitsstudentsbutalsobecauseofthedesirable
locationandclimate,Stanfordhasattractedtoitsfacultysomeoftheworld’smostrespected
scholars.TheuniversitystaffhasincludedmanyNobelprizewinnerssuchasDr.FelixBloch,Dr.RobertHofstadter,andDr.WilliamShockleyinphysics.Dr.AuthorKornbergandDr.Joshua
Lederberginmedicine.andDr.PaulJ.FloryandDr.LinusPaulinginchemistry.TheRussian
novelistAleksandrSolzhenistsynhasbeeninresidence.Stanford’Sundergraduateschoolofengineeringanditsgraduateschoolsofbusiness,law,andmedicineareespeciallywell-regarded.
4Whatisstudentlifelikeon“TheFarm”?
Culturally.thecampusisamagnetforboth
studentsandcitizensofnearbycommunities.P1ays,concerts,andoperasareperformedintheuniversity’sseveralauditoriumsandinitsoutdoortheater,wheregraduationsarealsoheld.Severalfilmseriesarepresentedduringtheschoolyear.Guestlecturersfrompublicandacademiclifefrequentlyappearoncampus.Intheevenings,manystudentsgathertosocializeintheStudentUnion’scoffeehouse;
herethebeverages(饮料)andtheatmospherebothhaveadecidedlyEuropeanflavor.Forthesports—minded,theStanfordcampusoffershighlydevelopedathleticfacilities.Teamspots,swimming,andtrackandfieldactivityarea11verymuchpartoftheStanfordpicture.Soarebicyclingandjogging.
5Inadditiontofinancialsupportfromalumni(校友),Stanfordreceivesgrantsfromthe
governmentandfromprivatephilanthropic(慈善的)foundations。
Inrecentyears,government
grantshavemadepossibleadvancedstudiesinthefieldsofhistory,psychology,education,andatomicenergy.AtpresentStanfordiscarryingoutanambitiousbuildingprogram,financedinpartby山eFordFoundation’s25milliongrant.Recentlyaddedtothecampusareanewphysicsbuilding,newschoolofbusiness,newgraduateschooloflaw,newstudentunion,andundergraduatelibrary.
23Paragraph2______________.
24Paragraph3______________.
25Paragraph4______________.
26Paragraph5______________.
AColorfulLifeonCampus
BIntelligentStudentBody
CSchoolAdministration
DDistinguishedFaculty
ESubstantialFinancialSupport
FTheHarvardoftheWest
27ThosehighschoolgraduateswhocanenterStanfordUniversity______________.
28Manyprofessorsliketoteachinthisuniversitypartlybecausehere______________.
29Onthefacultyoftheuniversitythereare______________.
30Financialsupportfrombothprivateorganizationsandthegovernmenthasmade
possible______________.
Atheycanfindthebeststudents
Btheuniversity’sacademicadvancementandphysicalextension
Csomeofthemostdistinguishedscholars
Dwhereasportsmeetisheldeveryyear
Emusthavebeenthetopstudent’sintheirclasses
Fmustbehardworking
第4部分:
阅读理解(第3l~45题,每题3分,共45分)
下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题,每道题后面有4个选项。
请根据文章的内容,从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案,涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇TechnologyTransferinGermany
WhenitcomestotranslatingbasicresearchintoindustrialSuccess,fewnationscanmatchGermany.Sincethe1940s,thenation’svastindustrialbasehasbeenfedwithaconstantstreamofnewideasandexpertisefromscience.AndthoughGermanprosperity(繁荣)hasfaltered(衰退)overthepastdecadebecauseofthehugecostofunifyingeastandwestaswellastheglobaleconomicdecline.itstillhasanenviablerecordforturningideasintoprofit.
Muchofthereasonfor也atsuccessistheFraunhoferSociety,anetworkofresearch
institutest11atexistssolelytosolveindustrialproblemsandcreatesought—aftertechnologies.ButtodaytheFraunhoferinstituteshavecompetition.Universitiesaretakinganeverlargerroleintechnologytransfer,andtechnologyparksarespringingupallover.Theseeffortsarebeingcomplementedbythefederalprogrammesforpumpingmoneyintostart-upcompanies.
Suchastrategymaysoundlikearecipeforeconomicsuccess,butitisnotwithoutitscritics.Thesepeopleworrythatfavouringappliedresearchwillmeanneglectingbasicscience,eventuallystarvingindustryoffreshideas.Ifeveryscientiststartsthinkinglikeanentrepreneur(企业家),theargumentgoes,thenthetraditionalprinciplesofuniversityresearchbeingcuriosity.driven.freeandwidelyavailablewillSuffer.Othersclaimthatmanyoftheprogrammestopromotetechnologytransferareawasteofmoneybecausehalfthesmallbusinessesthatarepromotedareboundtogobankruptwithinafewyears.
Whilethisdebatecontinues,newideasflowatasteadyratefromGermany’sresearch
networks.whichbearfamousnamessuchasHelmholtz,MaxPlanckandLeibniz.Yetitisthefourthnetwork,theFraunhoferSociety,thatplaysthegreatestroleintechnologytransfer.
Foundedin1949,theFraunhoferSocietyisnowEurope’slargestorganisationforapplied
technology,andhas59institutesemploying12,000people.Itcontinuestogrow.Lastyear,itswalloweduptheHeinrichHertzInstituteforCommunication
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