至英语专八听力minilecture真题及答案docxWord格式.docx
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至英语专八听力minilecture真题及答案docxWord格式.docx
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Therearedifferencebetweenactivelearningandpassivelearning.
Characteristicsofactivelearners:
I.readingwithpurposes
A.beforereading:
settinggoals
B.whilereading:
(1)________
II.
(2)______andcriticalinthinking
i.e.informationprocessing,e.g.
--connectionsbetweentheknownandthenewinformation
--identificationof(3)______concepts
--judgmentonthevalueof(4)_____.
III.activeinlistening
A.waysofnote-taking:
(5)_______.
B.beforenote-taking:
listeningandthinking
IV.beingabletogetassistance
A.reason1:
knowingcomprehensionproblemsbecauseof(6)______.
B.Reason2:
beingabletopredictstudydifficulties
V.beingabletoquestioninformation
A.questionwhattheyreadorhear
B.evaluateand(7)______.
VI.Lastcharacteristic
A.attitudetowardresponsibility
--activelearners:
accept
--passivelearners:
(8)_______
B.attitudetoward(9)______
evaluateandchangebehaviour
nochangeinapproach
Relationshipbetweenskillandwill:
willismoreimportantin(10)______.
Lackofwillleadstodifficultyincollegelearning.
参考答案:
1.checkingtheirunderstanding
2.reflectiveoninformation
3.incomprehensible
4.whatyouread
5.organized
6.monitoringtheirunderstanding
7.differentiate
8.blame
9.performance
10.activelearning
SectionAMini-lecture
或者
1、checkingunderstanding。
2、reflective
3、puzzling/confusing
4、whatisread
5、comprehensiveandorganized
6、constantunderstandingmonitoring//monitoringtheirunderstanding
7、differ
8、blameothers
9、poorperformance
10、schoolwork//studies
2012
Observation
Peopledoobservationindailylifecontextforsafetyorforproperbehaviour.
However,therearedifferencesindailylifeobservationandresearchobservation.
Differences
----dailylifeobservation
--casual
--
(1)________
--dependenceonmemory
----researchobservation--
(2)_________
--carefulrecordkeeping
B.Waystoselectsamplesinresearch
----timesampling
--systematic:
e.g.fixedintervalseveryhour
--random:
fixedintervalsbut(3)_______
Systematicsamplingandrandomsamplingareoftenusedincombination.
----(4)_______
--definition:
selectionofdifferentlocations
--reason:
humans’oranimals’behaviour(5)______acrosscircumstances
--(6)______:
moreobjectiveobservationsC.Waystorecordbehaviour(7)_______
----observationwithintervention
--participantobservation:
researcherasobserverandparticipant
--fieldexperiment:
research(8)______overconditions
----observationwithoutintervention
--purpose:
describingbehaviour(9)______
--(10)______:
nointervention
--researcher:
apassiverecorder
1:
rarelyformalrecords
2:
systematicobjectivemanner
3:
variable
4:
situationsampling
5:
vary
6:
advantage7:
asitoccurs
8:
havemorecontrol
9:
innaturalsetting
10:
methodInterview
2011
ClassificationsofCultures
AccordingtoEdwardHall,differentculturesresultindifferentideasabouttheworld.
Hallisananthropologist.Heisinterestedinrelationsbetweencultures.
I.High-contextcultureA.feature
-context:
moreimportantthanthemessage
-meaning:
(1)__________
i.e.moreattentionpaidto
(2)___________thantothemessageitself
-personalspace
-preferencefor(3)__________
-lessrespectforprivacy/personalspace
-attentionto(4)___________
-conceptoftime
-beliefin(5)____________interpretationoftime
-noconcernforpunctuality
-nocontrolovertime
II.Low-contextcultureA.feature
-message:
separatefromcontext
-meaning:
(6)___________
B.examples
-personalspace
-desire/respectforindividuality/privacy-lessattentiontobodylanguage
-moreconcernfor(7)___________
-attitudetowardtime
-conceptoftime:
(8)____________
-dislikeof(9)_____________
-timeseenascommodity
-relevanceinworkandlifee.g.business,negotiation,etc.
-(10)_____________insuccessfulcommunication
1.apartfromthemessage
2.whatishappening
3.closeness
4.bodylanguage
5.multiple
6.initself
7.themessageitself
8.punctualitymeanseverything
9.lateness
10.accounts
1.andsignificance
2.thecontext
或whatisdoing
3.closenesstopeople
4.bodylanguage
5.
polychronic
6.initself
7.personalspace
8.monochrome
9.lateness
10.multiculturalsituation
2010
ParalinguisticFeaturesofLanguage
Inface-to-facecommunicationspeakersoftenaltertheirtomesofvoiceorchangetheirphysicalposturesinordertoconveymessages.Thesemeansarecalledparalinguisticfeaturesoflanguage,whichfallintotwocategories.
Firstcategory:
vocalparalinguisticfeatures
(1)__________:
toexpressattitudeorintention
Examples
1.whispering:
needforsecrecy
2.breathiness:
deepemotion
(1)__________
3.
(2)_________:
unimportance
(2)__________
4.nasality:
anxiety
5.extralip-rounding:
greaterintimacy
Secondcategory:
physicalparalinguisticfeatures
facialexpressions
(3)_______
(3)__________
-----smiling:
signalofpleasureorwelcome
lesscommonexpressions
-----eyebrowraising:
surpriseorinterest
-----lipbiting:
(4)________
(4)_________
gesture
gesturesarerelatedtoculture.
Britishculture
-----shruggingshoulders:
(5)________
(5)__________
-----scratchinghead:
puzzlement
othercultures
-----placinghanduponheart:
(6)_______
(6)__________
-----pointingatnose:
secret
proximity,postureandechoing
proximity:
physicaldistancebetweenspeakers
-----closeness:
intimacyorthreat
-----(7)_______:
formalityorabsenceofinterest
(7)_________
Proximityisperson-,culture-and(8)________-specific.
(8)_________
posture
-----hunchedshouldersorahanginghead:
toindicate(9)_____(9)________
-----directleveleyecontact:
toexpressanopenorchallengingattitudeechoing
-----definition:
imitationofsimilarposture
-----(10)______:
aidincommunication(10)___________
-----consciousimitation:
mockery
1tonesofvoice2huskiness3universalsignal;
4thoughtoruncertainty5indifference6honesty7distance;
8situation;
9mood;
10unconsciouslysameposture
2009
WritingExperimentalReports
I.Contentofanexperimentalreport,e.g.
---studysubject/area
---studypurpose
---____1____
II.Presentationofanexperimentalreport
---providingdetails
---regardingreadersas_____2_____
III.Structureofanexperimentalreport
---feature:
highlystructuredand____3____
---sectionsandtheircontent:
INTRODUCTION____4____;
whyyoudidit
____5____whatyouthinkitshows
---____6____:
readeristhemarker
---____7____:
readerisanidealized,hypothetical,intelligentpersonwithlittleknowledgeofyourstudy
---taskstofulfillinanexperimentalreport:
introductiontorelevantarea
necessarybackgroundinformation
developmentofcleararguments
definitionoftechnicalterms
precisedescriptionofdata____8____
---earlystage:
understandingofstudysubject/areaanditsimplications
basicgraspofthereport'
sformat
---laterstage:
____9____onresearchsignificance
---thingstoavoidinwritingINTRODUCTION:
Inadequatematerial
____10____ofresearchjustificationforthestudy
MINI-LECTURE
1.Studyresult/findings2.Audience3.Disciplined4.whatyoudid5.DISCUSSION
6.acommonmistake7.inreality8.obtained/thatyouobtained9.attention/foucs/
emphasis10.暂无
10.
2008
ThePopularityofEnglish
I.PresentstatusofEnglish
A.Englishasanative/firstlanguage
B.Englishasalinguafranca:
alanguageforcommunicationamongpeople
whose
(1)______aredifferent
C.NumberofpeoplespeakingEnglishasafirstorasecondlanguage:
—320-380millionnativespeakers
(1)_______
—250-
(2)_____millionspeakersofEnglishasasecondlanguage
(2)_______
II.ReasonsforthepopularuseofEnglish
A.(3)____reasons(3)_______
—thePilgrimFathersbroughtthelanguagetoAmerica;
—BritishsettlersbroughtthelanguagetoAustralia;
—Englishwasusedasameansofcontrolin(4)_____(4)_______
B.Economicreasons
—spreadof(5)_____(5)_______
—languageofcommunicationiiitheinternationalbusinesscommunity
C.(6)______ininternationaltravel(6)_______
—useofEnglishintravelandtourism
—signsinairports
—languageofannouncement
—languageof(7)______(7)_______
D.Informationexchange
—useofEnglishintheacademicworld
—
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