《英语语言学概论》题与答案文档格式.docx

《英语语言学概论》题与答案文档格式.docx

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D・voicelessalveolarstop

6.Whatisthephoneticfeatureofthesound[u]?

A.closebackshort

B.semi-closefrontshort

C.semi-opencentralshort

D・openfrontshort

7.Whichofthefollowingsentencescontainaderivationalaffix?

A.Thecowsescaped・

B.Itwasraining.

C.Thosesocksareinexpensive・

D.Sheclosedthebook.

8.Themoiplieme“ed"

intheword'

"

worked”isknownasa（n）・

A.derivationalmorpheme

B.lexicalmorpheme

C・inflectionalmorpheme

D・functionalmorpheme

9.ill“enlarge"

isa（n）・

A.derivationalaffix

B・inflectionalaffix

C.freeroot

D・boundroot

10.isthesmallestunitoflanguagethatcarriesinformationaboutmeaningor

function.

A.Syntax

B.Grammar

C.Morphology

D.Morpheme

11.WhichofthefollowingformsispossiblewordofEnglish?

A.sproke

B.bsarn

C・mbood

D・coofp

12.Whichpairofwordsbelowshowstherelationofantonymy.

A.flourish—thrive

B・intelligent—stupid

C.casual—informal

D.flog—whip

13.Wecalltherelationbetween"

furniture”and"

wardrobe”as・

A.hyponymy

B・meronymy

C・homophony

D.homonymy

14.MostoftheviolationsofthemaximsoftheCPgiveriseto・

A.breakdownofconversation

B.confusionofone'

sintention

C.hostilitybetweenspeakersandthelisteners

D・conversationalimplicatures

15.Inthephrasestructurerule"

S>

NPtheaiTowcanbereadas

A.isequalto

B.consistsof

C.has

D.generates

16.Themeaningcarriedbytheinflectionalmorphemeis・

A.lexical

B.morpheme

C.grammatical

D・semantic

17.Thepairofwords"

hot"

and"

cold"

are・

A.gradableantonyms

B.relationalantonyms

C.complementaryantonyms

D・co-hyponyms

18.Whichpairofthefollowingarecomplementaryantonyms?

A.alive/dead

B.above/below

C・poor/rich

D・doctor/patient

19.Whatistherelationbetweenthepairofsentences:

felikesseafood.

Helikescrabs

A.synonymy

B.inconsistency

C.entailment

D.presupposition

20.Whichpairofthefollowingarehomographs?

A.piecen./peacen.

B.tearv./tearn.

C.fastadj./fastv.

D.flowern./rosen.

21.Whichpairofthefollowingaredialectalsynonyms?

A.lorry,truck

B.kid,child

C・collaborator,accomplice

D・amaze,astound

22.“Lift"

elevator”fonnapairofsynonyms.

A.stylistic

B.dialectical

C.collocational

D・connotative

15.Allsyllablesmusthavea・

A.onset

B・coda

C・nucleus

D.consonant

23.studieslanguageandspeechastheyareusedatagivenmomentandnotin

termsofhowtheyhaveevolvedovertime・

A.Diachroniclinguistics

24.dealswithlanguageapplicationtootherfields,particularlyeducation・

A.Psycholinguistics

B.Sociolinguistics

C.Appliedlinguistics

25.Ofthefollowingsoundcombination,onlyispermissibleinEnglish・

A.iblk

B.ilbk

C.ilkb

D.blik

26.Whichpairofwordsbelowshowstherelationofsynonymy.

A.drunk—sober

B・uncle—aunt

C・young—Id

D・casual—informal

27.ThesenserelationshipbetweenuHehasbeentoFrance^anduHehasbeento

Europe^is.

A.hyponymy

B・antonymy

C・presupposition

D.entailment

2&

Inthepluasestnictiuenile“NP—>

（Det）N（PP）…theanowcanbereadas・

A.isequalto

B・branchesinto

C・transforms

29.Intermsoftheplaceofarticulation,thefollowingsounds[t][r][s][I][z][n]share

thefeatureof・

A.palatal

30.YMutteranceillthefollowingconversationviolatesthemaximof・

X:

WhenisSusan'

sfarewellparty?

Y:

Sometimenextmonth.

A.quality

B・quantity

C.relation

D.manner

31.Ofthethreespeechacts,linguistsaremostinterestedinthebecausethis

kindofspeechactisidenticalwiththespeaker'

sintention・

A.locutionaryact

B・constativeact

C・perlocutionaryact

D.illocutionaryact

32.Wecalltherelationbetween'

vehicle”、and"

car”as・

B・synonymy

C・polysemy

D・homonymy

33.Whichofthefollowingpairsdiffersfromtheothersinthesenserelation?

A.good,bad

B・long,short

C.big,small

D.innocent,guilty

34.Asfarasmannersofarticulationareconcerned,whichofdiefollowing

differsfromtheothers?

A.[p]

B.[b]

C.[t]

D.[f]

35.Whichpairofthefollowingbelongtomeronymy?

A.animal,tiger

B.hand,finger

C.livestock,dog

D.furniture,dresser

36."

-Eif'

ill“blacken”isa（n）.

B.inflectionalaffix

D.boundroot

37.Transformationalrulesdonotchangethebasicofsentences・

A.form

B・stnjcture

C・meaning

D・soundpattern

3&

AccordingtoSearle,thoseillocutionaryactswhosepointistocommitthespeakertosomefuturecourseofactionarecalled・

A.commissives

B.directives

B.expressives

D.declaratives

39.Theillocutionarypointoftheistoexpressthepsychologicalstatespecified

intheutterance・

A.declarations

B・expressives

B.commissives

D.directives

40.Y'

sutteranceinthefollowingconversationexchangeviolatesthemaximof

_•

Whowasthatyouwerewithlastnight?

Didyouknowthatyouwerewearingoddsocks?

C・relation

D・manner

II.BlankAlling

1・Productivityorreferstoman^slinguisticabilitywhichenableshimtoproduceandunderstandaninfinitelylargenumberofsentencesinournativelanguage,includingdiesentenceswhichwereneverheardbefore・

2.Someantonymsaregradablc_becausethereareoftenintermediateformsbetween

thetwomembersofapair.

3.Dualityisthewaymeaninglesselementsoflanguageatonelevel（soundsand

letters）combinetoformmeaningfulunits（words）atanotherlevel.

4.Accordingtoitspositioninthenewword,affixesaredividedintotwokinds:

prefixesandsuffixes・

5.Phonologicalrulesthatgovernthecombinationofsoundsinaparticularlanguage

arecalledsequentialrules.

6.Root,constitutesthecoreofthewordandcarriesthemajorcomponentofits

meaning・

7.Asuffixisaddedtotheendofstemstomodifythemeaningoftheoriginalword

anditmaychangeitspartofspeech・

8.Intermsofmorphemicanalysis,derivationcanbeviewedastheadditionof

affixestostemstoformnewwords.

9.Somemorphemescannotnormallystandalone,butfunctiononlyaspartsof

words,e.g.-s,-er,-edand-ing,whicharecalledboundmorphemes・

10.Whenpitch,stressandsoundlengtharetiedtothesentenceratherthanthewordinisolation,theyarecollectivelyknownasintonation.

11.LanugugeJsasystemofarbitraryvocalsymbolsusedforhumancommunication・

12.Saussureputforwardtwoimportantconcepts・Langue^referstotheabstractlinguisticsystemsharedbyallmembersofaspeechcommunity.

13.Broadtranscriptionisnormallyusedindictionaryandteaching

textbooksforgeneralpurposes・

14.Theroot_constitutesthecoreofthewordandcarriesthemajor

componentofitsmeaning・

15.Prefixesmodifythemeaningofthestem,butusuallydonotchangethe

partofspeechoftheoriginalword・

16.Displacementisadesignfeatureofhumanlanguagethatenablesspeakers

totalkaboutawiderangeofthings,freefrombarrierscausedbyseparationintimeandspace・

17.Anindependentunitofmeaningthatcanbeusedfreelybyitselfiscalled

afree_morpheme・

18.Clear[1]anddark[1]areallophonesofthesameonephoneme/l/.Theynever

takethesamepositioninsoundcombinations;

thustheyaresaidtobeincomplemcntaiydistribution.

19.Steinisthebasetowhichoneormoreaffixesareattachedtocreatea

morecomplexformthatmaybeanotherstemoraword・

20.Morphemeisthesmallestmeaningfulunitoflanguage・

21.Thetwosounds[p]and[ph]areincomplementarydistribution,andtheyareknownasallophonesofthephoneme/p/・

22._Syntax_isabranchoflinguisticsthatstudieshowwordsarecombined

toformsentencesandtherulesthatgoverntheformationofsentences.

23.CooperativePrinciple（CP）isproposedbyPaulGrice・

24.“Wbidsarenamesorlabelsforthings."

Thisviewiscallednamingtheoryin

semanticstudies.

25.Thesentence“Myunmamedsisterismamedtoabachelorvisacontnidition.

IILTrueorfalsequestions.

（T）1."

Wlieredidhebuythebeei,Mpresupposes"

Heboughtthebeern・

（F）2.Senseandreferencearethesameaspectsofmeaning・

（F）3.Aword'

scategoiycanbetoldstraightfbnvardfromitsmeaning・

（T）4.Thesmallestmeaningfulunitsthatcanbeusedfreelyallbythemselvesare

freemorphemes・

（T）5.Themeaningcarriedbytheinflectionalmorphemeisgrammatical・

（T）6.uTliestudentinthesentence'

Thestudentlikedthelinguisticlectiwe^and

uThelinguisticlecture^inthesentence“Th己linguisticlecturelikedthestudentvbelongtothesamesyntacticcategoiy.

（F）7.Compoundswithaprepositionareinthecategoryoftheprepositionalpartof

thecompound・

（T）8.Likeotherphrases,InfltakesanNPasitsspecifierandaVPcategoryasits

complement・

（T）9.Linguisticcontextisconcernedwiththeprobabilityofwordsorexpressionsco-occurringorcollocatingwitheach