高考英语阅读理解综合题及答案文档格式.docx
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高考英语阅读理解综合题及答案文档格式.docx
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ItisBenjaminFranklin.Franklinwasneverelectedpresident,butwasoneoftheFoundingFathers.Hewasalsoaleadingwriterandprinter,politicalthinker,politician,postmaster,scientist,inventor,civilactivist,anddiplomat.
TheseAmericanstatesmenareonthefrontofthebills.Thebacksofthenotesshowimagesfromnation'
shistoryorfamousplaces.Theyareinorder,theGreatSealoftheUnitedStates,thesigningofDeclarationofIndependenceandtheLincolnMemorial.TheothersaretheTreasuryBuilding,theWhiteHouse,theCapitolBuildingandindependenceHall.
(1)ThedesignofthebillsshowsthatAmericansvaluestheirpeople'
s__________.
A.
talentsinmanyways
B.
successintheircareers
C.
inventionsinnewfields
D.
contributionstothecountry
(2)Forhundredsofyears,thosehistoricmenonthebillsfoughtforthenation'
s____________.
economyandpower
independenceanddemocracy
wealthandsuccess
faithandglory
(3)Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?
MenontheMoney
theDesignofUSBills
HistoryontheMoney
theStoryofUSBills
【答案】
(1)D
(2)B
(3)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了各种面值的美元纸币上伟大人物,以及他们对国家所做出的贡献。
(1)考查推理判断。
文章在描述每一种面值的纸币上的人物时,都着重描写他们对国家的作用与影响,GeorgeWashington是第一任总统,ThomasJefferson独立宣言的主要起草者,AbrahamLincoln结束内战,废除奴隶制,AlexanderHamilton第一个财政部长和开国元勋之一,AndrewJackson支持大众民主和个人自由,BenjaminFranklin开国元勋之一,从而可判断美国人民看重的是伟人对这个国家做出的贡献。
故选D。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的“PresidentWashingtonhasbeencalledthe‘Fatherofhiscountry.’"
;
第二段中的“Jeffersonwasoneofthemostinfluentialofthenation'
sFoundingFathers.”及下文对美元上其他人物的介绍可知,文章中提到的这些历史上著名的人物,无论是独立战争,美国内战,还是独立宣言的起草与签署都反映出他们为争取国家的独立与民主所做出的努力与牺牲。
故选B。
(3)考查主旨大意。
根据第一段中的“ThepictureofGeorgeWashingtonisontheone-dollarbill.第二段中的ThethirdpresidentoftheUnitedStates,ThomasJefferson,isonthetwo-dollarbill.”及下文各段的段首句可知,本文主要描述了各种面值的美元纸币上伟大人物,以及他们对国家所做出的贡献。
故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
Mars(火星)appearstobeflowingwithsmallstreamsofsaltywater,atleastinthesummer,scientistsreportedMonday."
ItsuggeststhatitwouldbepossiblefortheretobelifetodayonMars,"
NASA'
ssciencemissionchief,JohnGrunsfeld,saidatanewsconferenceonSeptember28,2015.
Thestreamsareabout12to15feetwideand300feetormorelong,scientistssaid."
Whatwe'
redealingwithiswetsoil,thinlayersofwetsoil,notstandingwater,"
saidAifredMcEwenoftheUniversityofArizonaatTueson,theprincipalscientistfortheMarsReconnaissanceOrbiter'
shigh-resolutionimagingexperiment.
Becauseliquidwaterisessentialtolife,thefindingscouldhavemajorimplicationsforthepossibilityofMartianlife.Theresearcherssaidfurtherexplorationisneededtodeterminewhethermicroscopiclifeexistsontheplanet.
ThepresenceofliquidwatercouldalsomakelifeeasierforastronautsvisitingorlivingonMars.Watercouldbeusedfordrinkingandforcreatingoxygenandrocketfuel.NASA'
sgoalistosendhumansthereinthe2030s.
Theevidenceofflowingwaterconsistslargelyofdark,narrowstreaks(条痕)onthesurfacethattendtoappearandgrowduringthewarmestMartianmonthsandfadetherestoftheyear.
Marsisextremelycoldeveninsummer,andthestreaksareinplaceswherethetemperatureisaslowasminus10degreesFahrenheit.Butsaltcanlowerthefreezingpointofwaterandmeltice.
Thesourceofthewaterisamystery.Scientistsnoteditcouldbemeltingice.Itcouldbeanundergroundaquifer,whichisrockorsandthatcanholdwater.ItispossiblywatervaporfromthethinMartianatmosphere.OritmaybeacombinationMichaelMeyer,leadscientistforNASA'
sMarsexplorationprogram,saidtheonlydefinitivewayfornowtodeterminewhetherthere'
slifeonMarsistocollectrocksandsoilforanalysisonEarth—somethingaU.S.landersetforlift-offin2020willdo.
(1)AccordingtoJohnGrunsfeld,thereseemstobe
onMars.
saltywater
standingwater
rocketfuel
humanbeings
(2)Scientistsareuncertainaboutthe
ofthewateronMars.
A.state
B.source
C.temperature
D.taste
(3)WhatmatterstotheexistenceofliquidwateronMars?
A.Thedistancefromthesun
B.Thefavorableclimate
C.Thegravityoftheearth
D.Thesaltinit
(4)Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.StreamsofWaterSpottedonMars
B.AstronautswillLandonMars
C.NASA'
sMarsExplorationProgram
D.ABreakthroughintheExplorationofMars
【答案】
(1)A
(3)D
(4)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了火星上有水的迹象,进而推断火星上可能有生命,但是水的来源仍旧是一个迷。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的“Mars(火星)appearstobeflowingwithsmallstreamsofsaltywater,”火星上好像有含盐的小溪在流动。
可知,火星上好像有盐水。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第七段中的“Thesourceofthewaterisamystery.”水的来源是个迷,可知,科学家还不确定水的来源。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据第六段“Marsisextremelycoldeveninsummer,andthestreaksareinplaceswherethetemperatureisaslowasminus10degreesFahrenheit.Butsaltcanlowerthefreezingpointofwaterandmeltice.”即使在夏天火星也极其寒冷,在温度达到零下10华氏度的地方水纹还存在。
但是盐可以降低水的结冰点并融化冰。
可知,水里的盐决定了火星上液体水的存在。
(4)考查主旨大意。
可知,“在火星看到了溪水”适合做本文最佳标题。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查,是一篇科研类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,概括归纳,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
SmartKidsFestivalEvents
SmartKidsisacollectionofonehundredeventsscheduledinOctober.Thisyear,itisexperimentingwithPayWhatYouDecide(PWYD).Thatis,youcandecidetopaywhatyouwanttoorcanafford,afteryouhaveattendedanevent.Youcanpre-bookeventswithoutpayingforaticketinadvance.Herearesomeofthedirector'
spicks.
WalkontheWildSide
Notticketed,Free
JoinstorytellerSarahLawtohearsciencestoriesaboutanimals.Alongthewayyou'
llmeetallsortsofbeautifulcreaturesanddiscoverlifecyclesandfoodchains.Bestsuitedtochildrenaged5-9.Childrenunder8mustbeaccompaniedbyanadult.
IntroductiontoWaves
Pre-book,PWYD
Subjectsrangefromsoundwavestogravitywaves,andfromwavesoflighttocrashingwavesontheocean.MikeGoldsmithexploresthefundamentalfeaturessharedbyallwavesinthenaturalworld.
ScienceintheField
Thisstorytellingnightfeaturesascientistsharinghisfavouritememoriesofgatheringfirst-handdataonvariousfieldtrips.Comealongforinspiringandinformativestoriesstraightfromthescientist'
smouth.JoinMarkSamuelstofindoutmoreinthisfun-filledworkshop.
FestivalDinner
Pre-book,£
25perperson
Whetheryouwanttoexploremoreaboutfood,orjustfancyatalkoverameal,joinustomarkthefirstsciencefestivalinLondon.Whichfoodsshouldyoueattotrickyourbrainintothinkingthatyouarefull?
FindoutmorefromTomCrawford.
(1)Inwhicheventcanyoudecidethepayment?
WalkontheWildSide
IntroductiontoWaves
ScienceintheField
FestivalDinner
(2)Whowilltalkaboutexperiencesofcollectingdirectdata?
A.SarahLaw.
B.MikeGoldsmith.
C.MarkSamuels.
D.TomCrawford.
(3)Whatdothefoureventshaveincommon?
A.Family-based.
B.Science-themed.
C.Pickedbychildren.
D.Filledwithadventures.
【答案】
(1)B
(2)C
(3)B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文,介绍了SmartKids收集的在十月份举行的四项以科学会主题的活动,以及各个活动的内容和特色。
根据第一段中的“Thisyear,itisexperimentingwithPayWhatYouDecide(PWYD).Thatis,youcandecidetopaywhatyouwanttoorcanafford”可知PWYD中你可以决定付款,而四项活动中只有IntroductiontoWaves有PWYD,故选B。
根据ScienceintheField部分中的“Thisstorytellingnightfeaturesascientistsharinghisfavouritememoriesofgatheringfirst-handdataonvariousfieldtrips.”可知MarkSamuels会分享他最喜欢的收集各种实地考察第一手数据的记忆。
故选C。
根据第二段中的“JoinstorytellerSarahLawtohearsciencestoriesaboutanimals.”和讲故事的萨拉·
劳一起来听关于动物的科学故事;
第三段中的“Subjectsrangefromsoundwavestogravitywaves,andfromwavesoflighttocrashingwavesontheocean.”实验对象范围从声波到重力波,从光波到撞
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