贾桐 论文4Word文档下载推荐.docx
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贾桐 论文4Word文档下载推荐.docx
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(SchoolofForeignLanguagesStudies.,ShaanxiUniversityofTechnology,Hanzhong723000,Shaanxi)
Tutor:
YUANYi
Abstract:
ThoughmanytranslationscholarshavealreadystudiedontheEnglishtranslationofNationalGovernmentWorkReport,amajorityofthescholarsonlyfocusontranslatingsomeconcretewords,phrasesorsentences,lackingaguidingtheory.Asaresult,theauthorofthispaperconsidersthatitisnecessarytostudydeeplybyusingfunctionalequivalencetodiscussNationalGovernmentWorkReporttranlation.Undertheguidenceofthistheory,thisthesisfirstlysummarizesthedistinctivefeaturesofNationalGovernmentWorkReportandanalyzestheexistingproblemsintheEnglishtranslationofNationalGovernmentWorkReport.ThentheauthorgivesananalysisofNationalGovernmentWorkReporttranslationin2011atlexical,syntacticandtextuallevel.ThestudyshowsthatfunctionalequivalencetheorycanbeappliedtoguidetheEnglishtranslationofNationalGovernmentWorkReport,foritcanmakethetranslatedtextachievetheclosestnaturalequivalenttotheoriginaltext.ThethesisnotonlyintroducesausefulguidingtheoryintheEnglishtranslationofNationalGovernmentWorkReport,butalsoelaboratestheapplicationofNida’sfunctionalequivalencetheory.
Keywords:
functionalequivalencetheory;
NationalGovernmentWorkReport;
translation
1.Introduction
Asweallknowsincethe2008OlympicGamesand2010ShanghaiExpoweresuccessfullyheldinChina,thecountrynowattractstheworld’sattention.TheeconomicandpoliticalcorporationsbetweenChinaandtherestoftheworldhavebeengreatlyincreased.Underthiscircumstances,EnglishtranslationofChineseinternationalcommunicationmaterialsisplayingasignificantroleinofferingothercountriesacorrectimpressiononChina,becausethecountry’simageismostlyreflectedinthesepoliticalwrittings.
Ofallthepoliticalwrittings,NationalGovernmentWorkRreportisanusefulmaterialinhelpingforeignerstolearnmoreaboutChina.Therefore,theEnglishtranslationofNationalGovernmentWorkReportactsasanimportantwaytoenhancethemutualunderstandingbetweenChinaandtherestoftheworld.AgoodtranslationofNationalGovernmentWorkReportwillplayakeyroleintheprocessoflettingmoreforeignersunderstandChina.
However,thepresentsituationoftheEnglishtranslationofNationalGovernmentWorkReportisnotsogood.IftheEnglishtranslationofNationalGovernmentWorkReportisambiguous,China’sinternationalimagemaybedamaged.Therefore,researchontheEnglishtranslationofNationalGovernmentWorkReportisimportant.
2.ThecharacteristicsandEnglishtranslationofNationalGovernmentWorkReport
2.1ThegeneraldescriptionofNationalGovernmentWorkReport
GovernmentWorkReportincludesNationalGovernmentWorkReportandlocalGovernmentWorkReport.HeretheauthorwillmainlytalkaboutNationalGovernmentWorkReportanditsEnglishtranslation.TheNationalGovernmentWorkReportisdraftedbytheResearchOfficeoftheStateCouncilandissupportedbyotherrelateddepartments.Moreover,itcoversalmostalltheviewpointsineconomic,socialandculturalcircles.ItwillbereadoutduringPeople’sConferencebythePremierofthestatecouncil,togetherwiththeprintingscriptbeingputout.Atthesametime,thefulltextofNationalGovernmentWorkReportwillbepromulgatedtothepublicthroughvariousmedia.Asaresult,thecontentofNationalGovernmentWorkReportisaproductofrepeateddiscussionwithoutambiguity.[5]
2.1.1StructureofNationalGovernmentWorkReport
NationalGovernmentWorkReportusuallyconsistoftwoparts:
lookingbackandlookingintothefuture.Whenlookingbackattheworkoverthepastyear,itsummarizesbothachievementaandfailuresofthepastyear.Inaddition,itdividesthegovernmentworkintoseveralmaincategoriesandmakesadetaileddesctiptionoftheworkmeasuresandachievementsepearately.Whenputforwardplansforthenextyear,itgivesboththeplanandthegoalofthegovernmentworkinthefollowingyear.Firstlyittellsthemaintasksandclassifiesthegovenrnmentworkintoseveralcategories.Besides,itdescribesindetailtheworkmeasurestobecarriedoutandtheworkplansrespectively.
2.1.2LanguagecharacteristicsofNationalGovernmentWorkReport
ThelanguageinNationalGovernmentWorkReporthassomeuniquecharacteristics,whichisdifferentfromthelanguageinotherEnglishliterature.ThelangusgemustbeaccuratebecauseNationalGovernmentWorkReportisdirectlyrelatedtotheimageofthecountry.SinceNationalGovernmentWorkReportisdraftedbythegovernmentauthoritiesandisreadbythePremieratNationalPeople’sCongress,itdefinitelydemandsaformallanguagetomaintaintheauthorityandsolemnityofthehighstatus,suchas“切实”,“落实”,“加固”andsoon.Soitofenusesprecisewordandfixedstructuretoexpressconciseinformation.Ontheotherhand,atthesyntacticlevel,longsentencesandcomplicatedsentenceswithindependentstructuresareusedinNationalGovernmentWorkReport.AlltheseaddtheseriousnessandformalitytoGovernmentWorkReport[14]Therefore,agoodanalysisofitslanguagecharacteristicsisnecessaryfortranslatingNationalGovernmentWorkReport.What’smore,therearemanyculturaltermsinNationalGovernmentWorkReport,whichcanmakeparticularChineseculturalchacteristics,suchas,“农超对接”,“一国两制”,“文化惠民工程”,“港人治港”,“澳人治澳”“农民工”andsoon.Sowhentranslatingsuchwords,moreattentionshouldbepaid.TheauthoritativetoneisanotherdistinctivefeatureofNationalGovernmentWorkReport.Hereisoneexample.
Example1:
切实加强廉洁自律,认真贯彻《廉政准则》,坚决反对铺张浪费和形式主义。
Englishversion:
wewillgenuinelyincreaseincorruptibilityandself-discipline,
conscientiouslyimplementtheCodeofConductforBuildingCleanandHonestGovernment;
wewillresolutelyopposeextravagence,wasteandformalism.
2.2ProblemsintheEnglishTranslationofNationalGovernmentWorkReport
Overthepastthirtyyears,Chinahasexperiencedatranslationboom,HoweverthequalityofNatinalGovernmentWorkReporttranaslationhasnotimprovedgreatly.TheEnglishversionofNationalGovernmentWorkReporthassomeproblemswhichwillcausemisunderstandingamongthetargetreaders.First,therearesomeinadequateexplainationofeconomictermsinNationalGovernmentWorkReport.Hereisoneexample.
Example2:
防止热钱流入(2011)
wewillpreventtheinfluxofhotmoney.
“热钱”isaeconomicterm.Itwillbeverydifficultforcommompeopletounderstandthisterm,soitisnecessarytoaddsomeexplainationtotheterminordertoavoidambuiguity.
Second,manyredundantwordisusedinNationalGovernmentWorkReport.Redundantmeansusingmorewordsthannecessarytoexpressmeanings.ThispeonomenonisduetodifferentthinkingmodesbetweenChinesepeopleandEnglishpeople.ChinesepeopleareliketousetautologyintheirpassagetoshoweleganceoremphasiswhileEglishpeoplearefondofusingplainandsunstantialwords.Manywordsandexpressionsinthetranslaredversionareredundant,whichshouldbeomitedaccordingtotherequirementofthetargetlanguage,forexample,intheexpression“大力推进”、“大力发展”、“大力加强”“切实保障”、“着力提高”canberegardedasintensifiers.Theirmeaningsarealreadyembodiedintherestoftheexpression.
Third,IntheEnglishtransaltionofNationalGovernmentWorkReport,manytranslatorsofentakeword-for-wordtranslation.Theyconsidertranslationisdirecttransformationofwordfromonelanguageintoanotherlanguagewithoutanychanges.Forexample,
Exmple3:
拓宽中小企业融资渠道,切实解决中小企业融资难问题。
Eglishversion:
wewillexpandchanelsforsmallandmedium-sizedenterprisestoobtainfinancinginordertosolvetheirfinancingproblems,especiallythoseofsmallenterprises.
Inthissentence,theword“problem”isacategorynoun,whichshouldbeomited.Sotherevisedversionisfollowed:
wewillexpandchanelsforsmallandmedium-sizedenterprisestoobtainfinancinginordertoprovidefinancinghelpforsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises.thoughthisproblemofword–for-wordtranslationseemstobeinappropriateexpressions,actuallyithastherootsinmisunderstandingthemeaningoftheoriginaltext.Soifatranslatorwantstomakeagoodtranslation,hemusthaveacomprehensiveunderstandingofthesourcetext.
3.AGeneralDescriptionofFunctionalEquivalence
Inordertomakeacomprehenxiveanalysis,aguidingtheoryisnecessarywithoutanyconsiderationofthetypeoftext.ItisthesamewiththeanalysisofEnglishtranslationofNationalGovernmentWorkReport.Inthischapter,Nida’sfunctionalequivalencetheory,whichissuitableforNationalGovernmentWorkReporttranslationwillbeanalyzedbriefly.
3.1TheproductionofFunctionalEquivalence
FunctionalEquvialencetheorywasfirstputforwardin1964.Thisprincipleemphasizesthefunctionalequivalenceofinformationinsteadofthedirectformalequivalenceintranslationinordertokeepthemeaningandstyleofthesourcelanguagefunctionallyequivalenttothatofthetargetlanguageasmuchaspossible.Thefunctionalfeatureofthetranslationdependsonthebalanceoftworelationships,thatis,therelationshipbetweenthetargetlanguagereceptorandthetargettextshouldgenerallybeequinalenttotherelationshipbetweenthesourcelanguagereceptorandthesourcetext,anditisthetworelationshipsthatprovidethebasisforfunctionalequivalence[6].Infact,therearetwodifferenttypesofequivalence:
onecanbecalledformalequvialenceandtheotherisdynamicequivalence.ThedevelopmentofNida’sfunctionalequivalence
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