读写unit4答案Word文档格式.docx
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读写unit4答案Word文档格式.docx
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J)accomplishment
K)attitude
L)speed
M)negative
N)outlook
O)defeat
21.
______________________
该题共0人答题,答对0人,答错0人,正确率为0%,错误率为0%
正确答案(1分):
B
22.
C
23.
E
24.
F
25.
G
26.
J
27.
H
28.
K
29.
I
30.
L
SectionB
Directions:
Thereareseveralpassagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.
PassageOne
Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
It'
slongbeenestablishedbypsychologiststhatmostpeopletendtobeirrationallypositive.Thistendencyisadaptive—manyresearchershaveclaimedthatapositiveoutlookmotivatesustoplanforourfutureandmayevenhaveaneffectonourlong-termphysicalhealth.
Optimismmaybesonecessarytooursurvivalthatit'
shardwiredinourbrains.AnewstudypublishedinthejournalNaturefurtherconfirmstheideathathavingarosyoutlookisapersonalitytraitwithdeep,neurologicalroots.Researchersfoundthatthebrainsofoptimisticpeopleactuallylightupdifferentlyonascanthanthosewhotendtobemorepessimisticwhentheythinkaboutfutureevents.
...Whilewecan'
tsayforcertainwhysomepeoplerespondmorepositivelytolife'
sevents,it'
sincreasinglyclearthatyourmentaloutlookcanhaveabigeffectonyourphysicalhealth.Optimismmotivatesindividualstotakecontroloftheirlives,whiledepressionhasbeenfoundtohavetheoppositeeffect.Itisoftenlinkedtoasenseofhopelessness."
Theproblemwithdepressionisthatpeoplearesopessimisticthattheydon'
tengageinactionsthatcouldmaketheirlivesbetter,"
saysElizabethPhelps,oneofthestudyauthorsandpsychologyprofessoratNYU.
...Theexactnatureoftherelationshipbetweenoptimismandgoodhealthisstillunclear.MartinSeligman,whostudiesoptimismandpositivethinkingattheUniversityofPennsylvaniasaysthatitmightbethat,optimists,asopposedtopessimists,aremorelikelytotakecareoftheirhealthbecausetheybelieveinthepotentialpositiveoutcomes.Or,itcouldbethatoptimisticpeoplearemorelikeableandbuildbettersocialnetworks,whichhavebeenassociatedwithlongevity.Anotherpossibilityisthatoptimisticpeoplemayhavehadlesstraumaordifficultyintheirlives(ahighnumberofnegativeeventsinalifetimecorrelateswithbadhealth)."
Alloftheseareplausible,"
saysSeligman.
Sodoesthismeanthatself-helpbooksthataimtoboostyouroptimism,likeTheSecretorThePowerofPositiveThinkingwillmakeyouhealthier?
Notnecessarily.ButresearcherslikeSeligmandobelievethatpromotingpositivethinkingisapromisingavenueofmedicalresearch.Andwhetherornotyouagreewithhishopefuloutlookmaytellyousomethingaboutyourownbrain.
31.
Ithaslongbeenanoptimismbiasthat________.
A)peopletendtolivelonger该选项共0人选择
B)mostpeopletendtobepositivewithoutreasonablebasis该选项共0人选择
C)optimismcouldcurecertaindisease该选项共0人选择
D)optimisticpeopletendtobemoresuccessful该选项共0人选择
正确答案(分):
32.
Whatdoes"
havingarosyoutlook"
meaninParagraph2?
A)Itmeans"
havingapositiveattitude"
.该选项共0人选择
B)Itmeans"
havingabrightfuture"
C)Itmeans"
havinganexaminationonthebrain"
D)Itmeans"
havingahealthylook"
A
33.
AccordingtoElizabethPhelps,depressedpeople__________.
A)cannotcontroltheirlives该选项共0人选择
B)easilycomedownwithtoillness该选项共0人选择
C)respondhopelesslytolifeevents该选项共0人选择
D)arenotmotivatedtotakepositiveactions该选项共0人选择
D
34.
Theword"
plausible"
inthefourthparagraphmeans___________.
A)reasonable该选项共0人选择
B)optional该选项共0人选择
C)believable该选项共0人选择
D)understandable该选项共0人选择
35.
AccordingtoMartinSeligman,whichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?
A)Promotingpositivethinkingislikelytomakeyouhealthier.该选项共0人选择
B)Bettersocialnetworksareassociatedwithlongevity.该选项共0人选择
C)Optimisticpeoplemayhavenotencounteredmuchdifficultyinlives.该选项共0人选择
D)BookslikeTheSecretorThePowerofPositiveThinkingwillnotmakepeoplehealthier.该选项共0人选择
PassageTwo
Questions36to40arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Accordingtopsychologists,anemotionisarousedwhenamanoranimalviewssomethingaseitherbadorgood.Whenapersonfeelslikerunningawayfromsomethinghethinkswillhurthim,wecallthisemotionfear.Ifthepersonwantstoremovethedangerbyattackingit,wecalltheemotionanger.Theemotionsofjoyandlovearearousedwhenwethinksomethingcanhelpus.Anemotiondoesnothavetobecreatedbysomethingintheoutsideworld.Itcanbecreatedbyaperson'
sthoughts.
Everyonehasemotions.Manypsychologistsbelievethatinfantsarebornwithoutemotions.Theybelievechildrenlearnemotionsjustastheylearntoreadandwrite.Agrowingchildnotonlylearnshisemotionsbutlearnshowtoactincertainsituationsbecauseofanemotion.
Psychologiststhinkthattherearetwotypesofemotions:
positiveandnegative.Positiveemotionsincludelove,liking,joy,delight,andhope.Theyarearousedbysomethingthatappealstoaperson.Negativeemotionsmakeapersonunhappyordissatisfied.Theyincludeanger,fear,despair,sadness,anddisgust.Ingrowingup,apersonlearnstocopewiththenegativeemotionsinordertobehappy.Andifapersonhastheabilitytotacklenegativeemotionssothatheisnotaffectedterriblybytheunhappinessanddissatisfaction,hewillliveabetterlife.
Emotionsmaybeweakorstrong.Somestrongemotionsaresounpleasantthatapersonwilltryanymeanstoescapefromtheminordertofeelhappy.Thepersonmaychooseunusualwaystoavoidtheemotion.Theymaychoosedrinkingalcoholoreventakingdrugstomakethemforgetthesadness.However,sometimes,theexcessivewaysofescapingonlyresultintragedy.
Strongemotionscanmakeithardtothinkandtosolveproblems.Theymaypreventapersonfromlearningorpayingattentiontowhatheisdoing.Forexample,astudenttakinganexaminationmaybesoworriedaboutfailingthathecannotthinkproperly.Theworrydrainsvaluablementalenergyheneedsfortheexamination.
36.
Thepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassageisto_______.
A)explainhowemotionsfunction该选项共0人选择
B)showhowpeopleavoidthenegativeemotions该选项共0人选择
C)explainhowmanykindsofemotionspeoplehave该选项共0人选择
D)defineandclassifyemotions该选项共0人选择
37.
Accordingtothepassage,anemotioniscreatedbysomething_______.
A)onethinksbadorgood该选项共0人选择
B)onethinkshelpful该选项共0人选择
C)onefacesintheoutsideworld该选项共0人选择
D)onethinkswillhurt该选项共0人选择
38.
WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?
A)Childrenlearnemotionsastheygrowup.该选项共0人选择
B)Babiesarebornwithoutemotions.该选项共0人选择
C)Emotionsfallintotwotypesingeneral,weakandstrong.该选项共0人选择
D)Peoplecancopewiththenegativeemotionsinlife.该选项共0人选择
39.
Theunderlinedword"
drains"
inthelastsentencemeans_______.
A)stops该选项共0人选择
B)ties该选项共0人选择
C)weakens该选项共0人选择
D)flowsgradually该选项共0人选择
40.
Wecansafelyconcludefromthepassagethat_______.
A)dealingwithdifficultiesisoneofman'
sinbornability该选项共0人选择
B)astudentmayfailinanexamifhecannotpayattentiontoit该选项共0人选择
C)itistheeventshappeninginthematerialworldthatcreateaperson'
semotions该选项共0人选择
D)inor
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