软件工程总结Word下载.docx
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软件工程总结Word下载.docx
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10.Processtechnologytoolsallowsoftwareorganizationstocompressschedulesbyskippingunimportantactivities.
11.Itisgenerallyacceptedthatonecannothaveweaksoftwareprocessesandcreatehighqualityendproducts.
1.Requirementsengineeringisagenericprocessthatdoesnotvaryfromonesoftwareprojecttoanother.
2.Astakeholderisanyonewhowillpurchasethecompletedsoftwaresystemunderdevelopment.
3.Itisrelativelycommonfordifferentcustomerstoproposeconflictingrequirements,eacharguingthathisorherversionistherightone.
4.Developersandcustomerscreateuse-casestohelpthesoftwareteamunderstandhowdifferentclassesofend-userswillusefunctions.
5.Use-caseactorsarealwayspeople,neversystemdevices.
6.Analysispatternsfacilitatethetransformationoftheanalysismodelintoadesignmodelbysuggestingreliablesolutionstocommonproblems.
7.Inwin-winnegotiation,thecustomer’sneedsaremeteventhoughthedeveloper’sneedmaynotbe.
8.Inrequirementsvalidationtherequirementsmodelisreviewedtoensureitstechnicalfeasibility.
1.Object-orienteddomainanalysisisconcernedwiththeidentificationandspecificationofreusablecapabilitieswithinanapplicationdomain.
2.Instructuredanalysismodelsfocusonthestructureoftheclassesdefinedforasystemalongwiththeirinteractions.
3.Creationandrefinementofusecasesifanimportantpartofscenario-basedmodeling.
4.Itisimportanttoconsideralternativeactorinteractionswhencreatingapreliminaryusecase.
b
5.Brainstormingisonetechniquethatmaybeusedtoderiveacompletesetofusecaseexceptions.
6.Inmanycasesthereisnoneedtocreateagraphicalrepresentationofausagescenario.
7.Oneormoreattributesofadataobjectmustbedefinedasakeytoallowthelocationofaninstanceofthedataobject.
8.Attributesarechosenforanobjectbyexaminingtheproblemstatementandidentifyingtheentitiesthatappeartoberelated.
9.Ananalysispackageinvolvesthecategorizationofanalysismodelelementsintousefulgroupings.
10.Thedataflowdiagrammustbeaugmentedbymin-specthatcanserveasaguidethedesignofthesoftwarecomponentthatwillimplementtheprocess.
11.TheUMLsequencediagramshowtheorderinwhichsystemeventsareprocessed.
12.Analysispatternsarediscovered,theyarenotexplicitlycreated.
13.ItisnotpossibletojustifythetimerequiredforWebApprequirementsanalysis.
14.UMLactivitydiagramscanbeusedtorepresenttheuserobservablefunctionalitydeliveredbytheWebAppaswellastheoperationscontainedineachanalysisclass.
15.Configurationanalysisfocusesonthearchitectureoftheuser’swebbrowsingenvironment.
16.Contentobjectsareextractedfromusecasesbyexaminingthescenariodescriptionfordirectorindirectcontentreferences.
1.Withthoroughtestingitispossibletoremovealldefectsfromaprogrampriortodeliverytothecustomer.
2.Programflowgraphsareidenticaltoprogramflowcharts.
3.ThecyclomaticcomplexityofaprogramcanbecomputeddirectlyfromaPDLrepresentationofanalgorithmwithoutdrawingaprogramflowgraph.
4.Graph-basedtestingmethodscanonlybeusedforobject-orientedsystems
5.Equivalencetestingdividestheinputdomainintoclassesofdatafromwhichtestcasescanbederivedtoreducethetotalnumberoftestcasesthatmustbedeveloped.
6.Boundaryvalueanalysiscanonlybeusedtodowhite-boxtesting.
7.Orthogonalarraytestingenablesthetestdesignertomaximizethecoverageofthetestcasesdevisedforrelativelysmallinputdomains.
8.Client/serverarchitecturescannotbeproperlytestedbecausenetworkloadishighlyvariable.
1.Thebestrepresentationofsystemarchitectureisanoperationalsoftwareprototype.
2.Thearchitecturalrepresentationscanbeanenablerforcommunicationamongprojectstakeholders.
3.Anarchitecturaldescriptionisoftendocumentedusinganarchitecturetemplate.
4.Anarchitecturalgenrewilloftendictatethearchitecturalapproachthatmayusedforthestructuretobebuilt.
5.Beforeanarchitecturalpatterncanbechosenforuseinaspecificsystemitmusthaveacodeimplementationtofacilitateitsreuse.
6.Onceselected,archetypesalwaysneedtoberefinedfurtherasarchitecturaldesignproceeds.
7.Quantitativemethodsforassessingthequalityofproposedarchitecturaldesignsarereadilyavailable.
Chapter10Self-CheckQuiz
1.Inthemostgeneralsenseacomponentisamodularbuildingblockforcomputersoftware.
a.True
b.False
a(Section10.1)
2.Inthecontextofobject-orientedsoftwareengineeringacomponentcontains
a.attributesandoperations
b.instancesofeachclass
c.rolesforeachactor(deviceoruser)
d.setofcollaboratingclasses
d(Section10.1.1)
3.Intraditionalsoftwareengineeringmodulesmustserveinwhichofthefollowingroles?
a.Controlcomponent
b.Infrastructurecomponent
c.Problemdomaincomponent
d.Alloftheabove
d(Section10.1.2)
4.Softwareengineersalwaysneedtoceratecomponentsfromscratchinordertomeetcustomerexpectationsfully.
b(Section10.1.3)
5.Whichofthefollowingisnotoneofthefourprinciplesusedtoguidecomponent-leveldesign?
a.DependencyInversionPrinciple
b.InterfaceSegregationPrinciple
c.Open-ClosedPrinciple
d.ParsimoniousComplexityPrinciple
d(Section10.2.1)
6.Theuseofstereotypescanhelpidentifythenatureofcomponentsatthedetaileddesignlevel.
a(Section10.2.2)
7.Classesandcomponentsthatexhibitfunctional,layer,orcommunicationalcohesionarerelativelyeasytoimplement,test,andmaintain.
a(Section10.2.3)
8.Softwarecouplingisasignofpoorarchitecturaldesignandcanalwaysbeavoidedineverysystem.
b(Section10.2.4)
9.WebAppcontentdesignatthecomponentlevelfocusesoncontentobjectsandthemannerinwhichtheyinteract.
b(Section10.4.1)
10.AWebAppfunctionalarchitecturedescribesthekeyfunctionalcomponentsandhowtheyinteractwitheachother.
a(Section10.4.2)
11.Whichoftheseisagraphicalnotationfordepictingproceduraldetail?
a.boxdiagram
b.decisiontable
c.ERdiagram
d.flowchart
d(Section10.5.1)
12.Adecisiontableshouldbeused
a.todocumentallconditionalstatements
b.toguidethedevelopmentoftheprojectmanagementplan
c.onlywhenbuildinganexpertsystem
d.whenacomplexsetofconditionsandactionsappearsinacomponent
d(Section10.5.2)
13.Aprogramdesignlanguage(PDL)isoftena
binationofprogrammingconstructsandnarrativetext
b.legitimateprogramminglanguageinitsownright
c.machinereadablesoftwaredevelopmentlanguage
d.usefulwaytorepresentsoftwarearchitecture
a(Section10.5.3)
14.Incomponent-basedsoftwareengineering,thedevelopmentteamexaminestherequirementstoseewhichareamenabletocomposition,ratherthanconstruction,beforebeginningdetaileddesigntasks.
a(Section10.6)
15.Whichofthefollowingisnotoneofthemajoractivitiesofdomainengineering?
a.analysis
b.construction
c.dissemination
d.validation
d(Section10.6.1)
16.Whichofthefollowingfactorswouldnotbeconsideredduringcomponentqualification?
a.applicationprogramminginterface(API)
b.developmentandintegrationtoolsrequired
c.exceptionhandling
d.testingequipmentrequired
d(Section10.6.2)
17.Whichisthefollowingisatechniqueusedforcomponentwrapping?
a.black-boxwrapping
b.clear-boxwrapping
c.gray-boxwrapping
d.white-boxwrapping
b(Section10.6.2)
18.Whichofthefollowingisnotoneoftheissuesthatformabasisfordesignforreuse?
a.object-orientedprogramming
b.programtemplates
c.standarddata
d.standardinterfaceprotocols
a(Section10.6.3)
19.Inareuseenvironment,libraryqueriesareoftencharacterizedusingthe________elementofthe3CModel.
a.concept
b.content
c.context
d.allofth
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