高考英语考前押题新高考版.docx
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高考英语考前押题新高考版.docx
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高考英语考前押题新高考版
2021年高考英语考前押题【新高考版】
本试卷满分120分,考试时间100分钟。
第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
A
Thebestdessertforapartyoffamilyandfriends?
Ahomemadepie.Thesecondbest?
Astore-boughtpiethatyoucanpretendishomemadewithoutbeingquestioned.Thefollowingaresomestores whereyoucanfindsuchgreatpiesonLongIsland.
Olish'sFarm(75EastportManorRd.,Eastport)
OwnerDonnyOlishpreferstobuyfruitlocallyforhisshop.Althoughmorethan30varietiesareonoffer,he'ssometimesforcedtolookelsewheretobuystrawberries,pears,apples,blackberriesandraspberries(山莓)toproduceapiefortheages.Moreinfo:
631-325-0539,olishfarms.com.
BriermereFarms(4414SoundAve.,Riverhead)
Briermereisnothingshortofapiefactory,whosetwodozenflavors(味道)aresoldbythehundredsonlovelyfallweekends.Andforgoodreason:
Muchofthefruitusedisgrownrightthereonthefarm.Don'tmissitscreampie,anopen-facedpiefilledwithcreamandtoppedwithfruit.Moreinfo:
631-722-3931,briermerefarms.com.
Diane'sBakeryCafe(23BryantAve.,Roslyn)
Blue.Straw.Rasp.Threekindsofberriesthatjoinproducewhatremainsthemostpopularpieatthisoldshop.Butalmostaspopularareitschocolateandbananacreamversions,followedcloselybypecanandapplepies,towhichNewYorkStatefruitisthekey.Besidesallthesepies,youcantreatyourselftoothertypesofdessertsthere.Moreinfo:
516-621-2522,dianesroslyn.com.
JerichoCiderMill(213Route106,Jericho)
Apple-raspberry.Apple-peach.Apple-blueberry.Areyoudetectingatheme?
AnewandcuteoutdoorseatingareaisthelatestadditiontoJerichoCiderMill.AmatchlessselectionofNewYork'sfavoritehome-grownfruitfindsitswayintoequallymatchless13varietiesofpies.Moreinfo:
516-433-3360,jerichocider.com.
1.WhatdoweknowaboutOlish'sFarm?
A.Itmerelyuseshome-grownfruit.B.Ithasanewoutdoorseatingarea.
C.Italwaysopensonfallweekends.D.Itoffersthelargestvarietyofpies.
2.WhichonesellsbestatDiane'sBakeryCafe?
A.Theapplepie.B.Thechocolatepie.
C.Themixedberrypie.D.Thebananacreampie.
3.Whereshouldyoubuypiesforanapple-themedparty?
A.Olish'sFarm.B.JerichoCiderMill.
C.BriermereFarms.D.Diane'sBakeryCafe.
B
Turtles(海龟)maybecomeendangeredinsomepartsoftheworldasclimatechangecontinuestotakehold,scientistshaverevealed.Turtlesusebeachestolaytheireggs,butwarmersandincreasesthechancesofafemalebeingborn,whichtipsthebalanceagainstahealthyrateofsexes.Ifmoreandmoreturtlesarebornfemale,itwillputseaturtlesatriskofextinction.
Thebestsexratioisaround50:
50,asthatprovidesthemostsuitablebalanceforreproduction.Butasandtemperatureof29.3degreesCelsiusorabovemakesitincreasinglylikelythatturtleswillbebornfemale—aphenomenonknownastemperature-dependentsexdetermination.
AroundtheRedSea,inEgypt,SudanandSaudiArabia,thetemperatureofthesandiscontinuingtorise.TheRedSeaisoneoftheworld's mostpopularlocationsforturtles.It'shometofiveoftheworld'ssevenspeciesofseaturtles,includinggreenturtlesandhawksbillturtles.Bothofthesetypesofturtleareendangered,andthescientistswantedtofindoutwhetherclimatechangecouldbeplayingaroleinthefutureoftheirsurvival.
ThescientistsmeasuredthesandtemperatureatfiveseparatenestingsitesaroundtheRedSea.Temperaturemeasurementsweretakenevery15minutesforaperiodoffivemonths.Fourofthefivestudysiteshadtemperatureshigherthanthe29.3degreesCelsiusthreshold(起始点).Sandtemperaturesashighas36degreesCelsiusweremeasuredatsomesites,whichcouldpresentaconsiderablethreattotheirsurvival.
Nearlyallspeciesofseaturtlesareclassifiedasendangered,whilethreeofthesevenspeciesarecriticallyendangered.Theirpopulationhasfallenoveraperiodof200years,almostmainlyasaresultofhumanactivities.Someturtleshavebeentargetedfortheireggs,skin,shellsandmeat,whileothershavebeenillegallyoraccidentallycaughtinfishingequipment.
4.Whatcausestheimbalanceofturtles'sexratio?
A.Globalwarming.B.Humandisturbance.
C.Disappearanceofsandybeaches.D.Declineinthebirthrate.
5.Whydidthescientistscarryoutthemeasurement?
A.Tofindwaysforturtlestosurvive.B.Toknowthedegreeofclimatechange.
C.Toassesstheeffectsofweatheronturtles.D.Tocompareturtles'differentnestingsites.
6.Whatdothestatisticsinparagraph4imply?
A.Fewermaleturtlesmaybeborn.B.TurtlespreferlivingintheRedSea.
C.Highertemperaturesattractmoreturtles.D.Turtlesaresensitivetotemperaturechanges.
7.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor'sattitudetoturtles'presentsituation?
A.Positive.B.Tolerant.C.Sympathetic.D.Anxious.
C
Wecanrecognizeourfriends'faces.Manysocialanimalscanalsoidentifyindividualsoftheirownspeciesbytheirfacialfeatures.That'simportant,becausetheyneedtobeabletoadjusttheirbehaviordependingonwhotheymeet.Andresearchhasshownthatsomespeciesofmonkeys,birds,anddomesticated(驯养的)animalscanevendistinguishamongdifferentfacesbylookingatphotographsalone.
Scientistshavealsowonderedwhetherdomesticatedanimalsthathavecoexistedwithpeopleforthousandsofyearscanrecognizedifferenthumanfaces.LéaLansadeof France'sNationalResearchInstituteforAgriculture,FoodandEnvironmentisoneofthem.Herexperimentonhorsesprovidesinsightintothis.
Sheandherteamfirsttaughtthehorseshowto"choose"betweentwoside-by-sideimagesbytouchingtheirnosestoacomputerscreen.Thehorseswerethenshownphotosoftheirpresentkeeperalongsidefacesofunfamiliarhumans.Theyhadneverseenphotosofanyofthepeoplebefore.Thehorsescorrectlyidentifiedtheirpresentkeeperandignoredthestranger'sfaceabout75%ofthetime,significantlybetterthanchance.
What'smore,thehorsesalsopreferentiallypickedphotosoftheirpreviouskeeper—apersontheyhadn'tseeninsixmonths.Infact,eventhoughthehorsesdidn'tgetitrighteverysingletime,theywereatleastasaccurateinpickingouttheirpreviouskeeperastheywereinidentifyingtheirpresentone.Theresultssuggestthatnotonlycanhorsesdistinguishbetweenfamiliarandunfamiliarhumanfaces,buttheyknowthatphotographsaretwo-dimensionalrepresentationsofreallife,withoutanyothercues(提示)likesound.Andthey'reevenbetteratthisthanouroldestanimalcompanion,thedomesticdog.
Somaybethinktwicebeforedoinganythingatastable(马厩)thatmightgiveahorsealongface.Afterall,thehorsecouldprobably"remember"you.
8.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutman'sabilitytorecognizefriends'faces?
A.It'snotuniquetoman.B.It'saninbornability.
C.It'sman'smostvitalability.D.It'ssuperiortothatofanimals.
9.WhydidLéaLansadeandherteamdotheexperiment?
A.Toteachhorsestorecognizehumanfaces.
B.Tostudyhorses'abilitytoidentifyhumanfaces.
C.Tomakehorsesdistinguishbetweentheirkeepers.
D.Tofigureoutsimilaritiesbetweenmanandhorses.
10.Howdoestheauthorsoundinwritingthelastparagraph?
A.Academic.B.Dramatic.C.Cautious.D.Humorous.
11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.HumanFacesAreFamiliartoHorses
B.HorsesRecognizeKeepers'Pictures
C.HorsesReadMan'sFacialExpressions
D.Man'sSoundHelpsHorsesSelectPhotos
D
Doyouneedahumantocreateabeautifulperfume?
That'sthequestionbeingaskedasartificialintelligence(AI)startstoentertheperfumeindustry.Companiesareincreasinglyturningtotechnologyinordertocreatemorebest-selling,uniqueperfumesthatcanbeproducedinjustminutes.
Lastyear,Swiss-basedperfumedeveloperGivaudanlaunchedCarto,anAI-poweredtooltohelpperfumers.Usingatouchscreen,theperfumerscanchooseonefrom1,500ingredients(成分)andputitinabottlewithouttouchingthemandpulltogetherdifferentperfumesusingdatafromthebrandsvastlibraryofperfumeformulas(配方).Asmallrobotimmediatelyprocessesthefragrancesintoperfumes,makingiteasierforperfumerstotesttheirnewperfumes.
OnebenefitofCartoisthatwithit,perfumesamplesarecreatedinstantly,givingthemacompetitiveadvantage."Wecanadjusttheperfumealmostlivewiththecustomer,"saysCaliceBecker,vicepresidentperfumeranddirectoroftheGivaudanPerfumerySchool."Itisabigplusnotjustbecausewegaintimebutthere'smoreclosenesswhenweconnectinfrontofthetool."
GermanperfumehouseSymrisehasgoneonestepfurtherandteamedupwithIBMResearchtocreateanAIsystemcalledPhilyra,whichactuallystudiestheperfumeformulasandcustomerdatatoproducenewperfumes.LikeCarto,Philyracan'tactuallysmellanything.ClaireViola,vicepresidentofdigitalstrategyfragranceatSymrise,isthefirsttoagreeithasn'tbeenwithoutweakness."It'smachine-learningandsometimestheresultsarewrong,"shesays."Youhavetoqualifyeverynewmaterial,soitunderstandsthedifferencebetweendifferentperfumes,forexample."
MargauxCaron,globalbeautyanalystforcolourcosmetics(化妆品)andperfumesatbelievesartificialintelligenceisapowerfultooltocreateperfumes."Technologyandscienceissometimespicturedandconsideredcold,buttheperfumecategoryisdisplayingawarm,emotional,humanapproachtoit.ThepartnershipbetweenAIandperfumersisanchoredinthisphilosophy,"shesaid.
12.WhatistheadvantageofCarto?
A.Itcanbeusedtotestperfumes.B.Itcantellperfumein
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