人教版高三下学期英语第三次模拟考试试题解析版.docx
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人教版高三下学期英语第三次模拟考试试题解析版.docx
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人教版高三下学期英语第三次模拟考试试题解析版
2017级高三校模(三)英语科试题
第二部分:
阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
TheIgNobelPrize,aspoof(滑稽模仿)oftheactualNobelPrize,existstoawardthe10strangestresearchprojectsoftheyearthatbringyoufunandmakeyouthink.Thefollowingarethreeofthemin2019.
MedicinePrize:
Pizza
It'soneoftheworld'smostpopularfoods.AccordingtotheIgNobelMedicinePrizewinner,eatingmorepizzascanlowertheriskofcancerandheartdisease—ifyourpizzaisloadedwithfruitsandveggies.Theseprovideflavonoids(类黄酮)tofightagainstcertaindiseases.So,ifyou'reapizzaenthusiast,younowhaveonemorereasontoloveit!
EconomicsPrize:
DirtyMoney
Papermoney,themostfrequentlypasseditemsontheplanet,isknowntopickupallkindsofbacteria.Whichcountry'scurrencyisthedirtiest?
Aninternationalteamcomparedsevencountries,papermoney.TheRomanianLeuwastheonlyonetocarryallthreetypesofbacteriatested.AndtheUSDollarwasalsoafinalist.Perhapsthiswillmakecashlesspaymentsmorepopular.
BiologyPrize:
Cockroach
Cockroaches((蟑螂)))arewellknownfortheirsurvivalabilities,butfewfolksknowtheycansensemagneticfields.Moresurprisingly,aninternationalteamfoundthatdeadcockroacheshavemoremagneticproperties(磁性)thanliveones.That'sbecausemagneticpropertiesdecreasewhenthetemperaturegetshigher.Soifyoucanstandcockroaches,theymaybegoodmagneticsensors(传感器).
1.Whatdothethreeprizeshaveincommon?
A.Theyarebeneficialtoourhealth.
B.Theyareentertainingandunusual.
C.They'vegainedtherecognitionoftheNobelPrize.
D.Theyarestrangerthananyotherprojectinpreviousyears.
2.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?
A.Peoplewithheartdiseaseshouldeatmorepizzas.
B.USDollarisrelativelydirtierthanRomanianLeu.
C.Dirtypapermoneyleadstocashlesspayments.
D.Deadcockroachesarebettermagneticsensorsthanliveones.
3.Inwhichcolumncanyoufindthispassageinanewspaper?
A.Discovery.B.Sports.
C.Health.D.Business.
【答案】1.B2.D3.A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。
搞笑诺贝尔奖是对真正的诺贝尔奖的恶搞,它的设立是为了奖励今年给你带来乐趣、让你思考的10个最奇怪的研究项目。
本文介绍了2019年的其中三项。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。
根据MedicinePrize:
Pizza中eatingmorepizzascanlowertheriskofcancerandheartdisease—ifyourpizzaisloadedwithfruitsandveggies.Theseprovideflavonoids(类黄酮)tofightagainstcertaindiseases.“多吃披萨可以降低患癌症和心脏病的风险——如果你的披萨里含有大量的水果和蔬菜的话。
这些可以提供类黄酮来对抗某些疾病。
”根据EconomicsPrize:
DirtyMoney中Aninternationalteamcomparedsevencountries,papermoney.TheRomanianLeuwastheonlyonetocarryallthreetypesofbacteriatested.AndtheUSDollarwasalsoafinalist.Perhapsthiswillmakecashlesspaymentsmorepopular.“一个国际研究小组比较了七个国家的纸币。
罗马尼亚的Leu是唯一一种携带所有三种测试细菌的病毒。
美元也进入了决赛。
也许这将使无现金支付更受欢迎。
”再根据BiologyPrize:
Cockroach中Moresurprisingly,aninternationalteamfoundthatdeadcockroacheshavemoremagneticproperties(磁性)thanliveones.That'sbecausemagneticpropertiesdecreasewhenthetemperaturegetshigher.Soifyoucanstandcockroaches,theymaybegoodmagneticsensors(传感器).“更令人惊讶的是,一个国际研究小组发现死蟑螂比活蟑螂具有更多的磁性。
这是因为温度越高,磁性就会降低。
所以如果你能忍受蟑螂,它们可能是很好的磁性传感器。
”由此可知,这三个奖项是有趣的和不寻常的。
故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。
根据最后一段中Moresurprisingly,aninternationalteamfoundthatdeadcockroacheshavemoremagneticproperties(磁性)thanliveones.“更令人惊讶的是,一个国际研究小组发现死蟑螂比活蟑螂具有更多的磁性。
”由此可知,死蟑螂比活蟑螂具有更好的磁性传感器。
故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。
根据第一段中TheIgNobelPrize,aspoof(滑稽模仿)oftheactualNobelPrize,existstoawardthe10strangestresearchprojectsoftheyearthatbringyoufunandmakeyouthink.“搞笑诺贝尔奖是对真正的诺贝尔奖的恶搞,它的设立是为了奖励今年给你带来乐趣、让你思考的10个最奇怪的研究项目。
”由此可知,这篇文章应该在报纸的Discovery中看到。
故选A。
B
Growingup,DekaIsmailsayssheletlabelsdefinewhatshecouldbe.“Iwasablackgirl,fromarefugee(难民)family,”Dekasaid.“ItwasasifIwasonlyallowedtoexploreinthispredeterminedbox.”
Afterahighschoolchemistryclassinspiredhertothinkaboutacareerinscienceandgaveherconfidenceinthefield,Dekalearnedtoliveoutsidelabelsandbeganmakingbigplansforherfuture.NowsheisabouttobeginherfreshmanyearattheUniversityofCalifornia,planningtobecomeaprofessor.
BornandraisedinSanDiego’sCityHeightsneighbourhood,DekaisthedaughterofaSomalirefugeecouple.WhilesomemightsayDeka’ssuccesshappenedinspiteofherbackground,shewouldsaydifferently,thatherexperiencesshapedherandinspiredhertobethedriven,youngscientistthatsheistoday.
WhenDekawaseightyearsold,hermothergotajobbystudyinghardbackinschoolinordertosupportthewholefamily.ThatmadeDekarealizethateducationcouldmakeadifferencetoone’slife.Shespentalotoftimeinthelibraryreadingbooks,anddidn’tdomanyofthethingsherpeersdid,likepartyingorhavingromanticrelationships.
“IalwaysfeltlikeIhadtobetheperfectgirlformyfamily,”Dekasaid.“Youhavetonotevendoyourbestbuttwotimesbetterthaneveryoneelse.Ifeltlikethewholeworldwaswaitingformetomessup.”
Deka’seffortspaidoff.Thesummerbeforehersenioryearofhighschool,shewasacceptedtotheAmericanChemicalSocietyProjectSEEDProgramme.“Shebroughtbothenthusiasmandfocus,”Botham,aresearcheratthisresearchinstitute,recalled.“Shearrivedeverydayreadytowork,readytolearnandreadytotacklenewchallengesregardlessofwhetherornotshehaddoneanythingsimilar.”
Whenaskedwhatadviceshewouldgivetootherslikeher,Dekawarnedthemnottounderestimatethemselves.“Don’ttellyourselfthatscholarshipistoobigorthisprogrammeistoocompetitiveorI’llnevergetintothisschool,”shesaid.“IwasnotsurewhetherIcouldmakeituntilIstartedseeingtheacceptancelettersrollingin.”
4.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat______.
A.Dekawasadoptedbyarefugeefamily
B.Dekaspentalotoftimegoingtoparties
C.Dekabecameaprofessoraftergraduation
D.Deka’sexperiencesdrovehertoworkhard
5.Dekarealizedtheimportanceofeducation______.
A.fromhermother’sexperienceB.afterherchemistryclass
C.byreadingbooksinthelibraryD.throughworkingattheinstitute
6.Accordingtothelastparagraph,Dekaadvisedthatstudentsbe______.
A.patientB.confident
C.ambitiousD.generous
7.Whatdoesthestoryintendtotellus?
A.Lifeisnotallroses.
B.Practicemakesperfect.
C.Wellbegunishalfdone.
D.Hardworkleadstosuccess.
【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.D
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。
文章主要讲述了索马里难民DekaIsmail通过改变自己,不断努力,终于成功考进加利福尼亚大学的成长经历。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。
由第三段WhilesomemightsayDeka’ssuccesshappenedinspiteofherbackground,shewouldsaydifferently,thatherexperiencesshapedherandinspiredhertobethedriven,youngscientistthatsheistoday.可知,虽然有些人可能会说Deka尽管有那样的背景还是成功了,但她会有不同看法。
她的经历塑造了她,并激励她成为今天这样一个有干劲的年轻科学家。
由此可知,Deka的这些经历塑造了她、激励了她。
故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。
由第四段中的WhenDekawaseightyearsold,hermothergotajobbystudyinghardbackinschoolinordertosupportthewholefamily.ThatmadeDekarealizethateducationcouldmakeadifferencetoone’slife.可知,当Deka八岁的时候,她的母亲通过在学校努力学习找到了一份工作,以支持整个家庭。
这让Deka意识到教育可以改变一个人的生活。
由此可知,母亲的经历让她明白教育的重要性。
故选A项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。
由最后一段中的Whenaskedwhatadviceshewouldgivetootherslikeher,Dekawarnedthemnottounderestimatethemselves.可知,当被问及她会给像她这样的人什么建议时,Deka提醒他们不要低估自己。
由此可知,Deka建议大家不要低估自己,要相信自己,要有信心。
故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。
结合文章大意:
难民身份的Deka经过自己的努力终于获得成功,以及她分享的自己经历和给他人的建议:
不低估自己,要有信心。
由此可知,这篇文章是想告诉我们:
要相信自己,不断努力,终将会取得成功。
故选D项。
C
Today'sworldisnotaneasyadjustmentforyoungadults.Keyskillsetforsuccessispersistence(毅力),acharacteristicthatresearcherssayisheavilyinfluencedbyfathers.ResearchersfromBrighamYoungUniversitydiscoveredthatfathersareinauniquepositiontohelptheiradolescentchildrenlearnpersistence.
BYUprofessorsLauraPadilla-WalkerandRandalDayarrivedatthesefindingsafterfollowing325Americanfamiliesoverseveralyears.Andovertime,thepersistencegainedthroughfathersledtohigherachievementinschool.
"Therearerelativelyfewstudiesthatstresstheuniqueroleoffathers,"Padilla-Walkersaid."Thisresearchalsohelpstoprovethatcharacteristicssuchaspersistence-whichcanbetaught-arekeytoachild'slifesuccess.”
Researchersdeterminedthatdadsneedtopracticean"authoritative"parentingstyle.Authoritativeparentingisnotauthoritarian:
rigid,demandingorcontrolling.Rather,anauthoritativeparentingstyleincludessomeofthefollowingcharacteristics:
childrenfeelwarmthandlovefromtheirfather;responsibilityandthereasonsbehindrulesarestressedchildrenaregivenanappropriatelevelofautonomy(自主权).
Inthestudy,about52percentofthedadsexhibitedabove-averagelevelsofauthoritativeparenting.Akeyfindingisthatovertime,childrenraisedbyanauthoritativefatherweresignificantlymorelikelytodeveloppersistence,whichleadstobetteroutcomesinschool.
Thisparticularstudyexamined11to14-year-oldslivingintwo-parenthomes.Yettheresearcherssuggestthatsingleparentsstillmayplayaroleinteachingthebenefitsofpersistence,whichisanavenueoffutureresearch.
8.WhatisspecialabouttheBYUprofessors'study?
A.Itcenteredonfathers'roleinparenting.
B.Itwasbasedonanumberoflargefamilies.
C.Itanalyzeddifferentkindsofparentingstyles.
D.Itaimedtoimprovekids'achievementinschool.
9.Whatwouldanauthoritativefatherdowhenraisinghischildren?
A.Ignoretheirdemands.B.Makedecisionsforthem.
C.Controltheirbehaviors.D.Explaintherulestothem.
10.Whichgroupcanbeafocusoffuturestudiesaccordingtotheresearchers?
A.Singleparents.
B.Childrenagedfrom11to14.
C.Authoritarianfathers.
D.Mothersintwo-parenthomes.
11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitlefor
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