大学英语六级真题1.docx
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大学英语六级真题1.docx
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大学英语六级真题1
大学英语六级真题2015年12月-
(1)
PartⅠWriting
1、Directions:
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessaybasedonthepicturebelow.Youshouldfocusontheimpactofsocialnetworkingwebsitesonreading.Youarerequiredtowriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.
PartⅢReadingComprehension
SectionA
Directions:
Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.
Itseemstobealawinthetechnologyindustrythatleadingcompanieseventuallylosetheirpositions,oftenquicklyandbrutally.MobilephonechampionNokia,oneofEurope'sbiggesttechnologysuccessstories,wasno 37 ,losingitsmarketshareinjustafewyears.
In2007,Nokiaaccountedformorethan40%ofmobilephonesales 38 .Butconsumers'preferenceswerealready 39 towardtouch-screensmartphones.WiththeintroductionofApple'siPhoneinthemiddleofthatyear,Nokia'smarketshare 40 rapidlyandrevenueplunged.Bytheendof2013,NokiahadsolditsphonebusinesstoMicrosoft.
WhatsealedNokia'sfatewasaseriesofdecisionsmadebyStephenElopinhispositionasCEO,whichhe 41 inOctober2010.EachdaythatElopspentinchargeofNokia,thecompany'smarketvaluedeclinedby$23million,makinghim,bythenumbers,oneoftheworstCEOsinhistory.
ButElopwasnottheonlypersonat 42 .Nokia'sboardresistedchange,makingitimpossibleforthecompanytoadapttorapidshiftsintheindustry.Most 43 ,JormaOllila,whohadledNokia'stransitionfromanindustrialcompanytoatechnologygiant,wastoofascinatedbythecompany's 44 successtorecognizethechangethatwasneededtosustainitscompetitiveness.
Thecompanyalsoembarkedona 45 cost-cuttingprogram,whichincludedtheeliminationofthousandsofjobs.Thiscontributedtothe 46 ofthecompany'sonce-spiritedculture,whichhadmotivatedemployeestotakerisksandmakemiracles.Goodleadersleftthecompany,takingNokia'ssenseofvisionanddirectionswiththem. Notsurprisingly,muchofNokia'smostvaluabledesignandprogrammingtalentleftaswell.
A.assumed F.fault K.shifting
B.bias G.incidentally L.shrank
C.desperate H.notably M.subtle
D.deterioration I.previous N.transmitting
E.exception J.relayed O.worldwide
SectionB
Directions:
Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.
First-GenerationCollege-Goers:
UnpreparedandBehind
KidswhoarethefirstintheirfamiliestobravetheworldofhighereducationcomeoncampusWithlittleacademicknow-howandaremuchmorelikelythantheirpeerstodropoutbeforegraduation.
A.WhenNijayWilliamsenteredcollegelastfallasafirst-generationstudentandJamaicanimmigrant,hewasacademicallyunpreparedfortherigorsofhighereducation.Likemanyfirst-generationstudents,heenrolledinamedium-sizedstateuniversitymanyofhishighschoolpeerswerealsoattending,receivedaPellGrant,andtookoutsomesmallfederalloanstocoverothercosts.Giventhehighpriceofroomandboardandtheclosenessoftheschooltohisfamily,hechosetoliveathomeandworkedbetween30and40hoursaweekwhiletakingafullclassschedule.
B.WhatNijaydidn'trealizeabouthisschool—TennesseeStateUniversity—wasitsfrighteninglylow
graduationrateamere29percentforitsfirst-generationstudents.Attheendofhisfirstyear,NijaylosthisPellGrantofover$5000afternarrowlymissingthe2.0GPAcut-off,makingitimpossibleforhimtocontinuepayingforschool.
C.NijayrepresentsalargeandgrowinggroupofAmericans.first-generationcollegestudentswhoenterschoolunpreparedorbehind.Tomakemattersworse,theseschoolsareill-equippedtograduatethesestudents—youngadultswhofacespecificchallengesandobstacles.Theytypicallycarryfinancialburdensthatoutweighthoseoftheirpeers,aremorelikelytoworkwhileattendingschool,andoftenrequiresignificantacademicremediation(补习).
D.MattRubinoffdirectsI'mFirst,anonprofitorganizationlaunchedlastOctobertoreachouttothisspecificpopulationofstudents.Hehopestodistributethisinformationandhelpprospectivecollege-goersfindthebestpost-secondaryfit.AndwhileRubinoffbelievesthereareagoodnumberoffour-yearschoolsthattrulycareaboutthesestudentsandsetasidesignificantresourcesandprogramsforthem,hesaysthatnumberisn'thighenough.
E."It'snotonlytheselectiveandeliteinstitutionsthatprovidethoseopportunitiesforasmallsubsetofthispopulation,"Rubinoffsaid,addingthatamajorityoffirst-generationundergraduatestendtowardoptionssuchasonlineprograms,two-yearcolleges,andcommuterstateschools."Unfortunately,theretendstobealackofinformationandsupporttohelpstudentsthinkbiggerandbroader."
F.Despitethisproblem,manystudentsarestilldrawntotheseinstitutions—andtwo-yearschoolsinparticular.Asaformerhighschoolteacher,Isawstudentschoosefamiliar,cheaperoptionsyearafteryear.Insteadofskippingoutonhighereducationaltogether,theychosecommunitycollegesorstateschoolswithlowbarsforadmittance.
G."Theyunderestimatethemselveswhenselectingauniversity,"saidDaveJarrat,amarketingexecutiveforInsideTrack,afor-profitorganizationthatspecializesincoachinglow-incomestudentsandsupportingcollegesinordertohelpstudentsthrive."Therealityofitisthatalotoflow-incomekidscouldbegoingtoeliteuniversitiesonafullridescholarshipanddon'tevenrealizeit."
H."Manystudentsarecomingfromasituationwherenoonearoundthemhastheexperienceofsuccessfullycompletinghighereducation,sotheyarecominginquestioningthemselvesandtheircollegeworthiness,"Jarratcontinued.Thathelpsexplainwhy,asI'mFirst'sRubinoffindicated,theschoolstowhichthesestudentsendupresortingcanendupbeingsomeofthepoorestmatchesforthem.TheUniversityofTennesseeinKnoxvilleoffersoneexampleofthisdilemma.AflagshipuniversityintheSouth,theschoolgraduatesjust16percentofitsfirst-generationstudents,despiteitsoverallgraduationrateof71percent.Locatedonlyafewhoursapart,TheUniversityofTennesseeandTennesseeStateareworthcomparing.TennesseeState'soverallgraduationrateisatiny39percent,butatleastithasasmallergapbetweentheoutcomesforfirst-generationstudentsandthoseoftheirpeers.
I.Still,theUniversityofTennesseedeservescreditforbeingtransparent.Manylargeinstitutionskeepthiskindofdatasecret—oratleastmakeitincrediblydifficulttofind.TheUniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHill,forinstance,admitsonlythatthegraduationrateforitsfirst-generationpupilsis"muchlower"thanthepercentageofallstudentswhograduatewithinfouryears(81percent).
J.Itisactuallyquitedifficulttofindreliablestatisticsontheissueformanyschools.Highereducationinstitutionsare,underfederallaw,requiredtoreportgraduationrates,butthesereportstypicallyonlyincludePellrecipientnumbers—notnecessarilyratesspecifictofirst-generationstudents.Otherinitiativesfailtobreakdownthedata,too.Imaginehowintimidatingitcanbeforprospectivestudentsunfamiliarwiththecomplexitiesofhighereducationtonavigatethiskindofinformationandthenidentifywhichschoolsarethebestfit.
K.ItwasthislackofinformationthatpromptedthelaunchofI'mFirstin2013,originallyasanarmofitsumbrellaorganization,theCenterForStudentOpportunity."Ifwecanhelptodirectstudentstomoreofthesetypesofcampusesandhelpstudentstounderstandthemtoberealisticandaccessibleplaces,havethemapplytotheseschoolsatgreaterfrequencyandultimatelygetinandenroll,wearegoingtoraisethesuccessrate,"Rubinoffsaid,citingavarietyofcollegesrangingfromlargestateinstitutionstosmallerprivateschools.
L.ChelseaJones,whonowdirectsstudentprogrammingatI'mFirst,wasafirst-generationcollegestudentatHoward.Likeotherstudentnewtotheintimidatinghigher-educationworld,sheoftenstruggledonherpathtocollege,"Therewasn'treallyacollege-boundcultureatmyhighschool,"shesaid."IwantedtogotocollegebutIdidn'treallyknowtheprocess."Jonesbecameinvolvedwithacollege-accessprogramthroughPrincetonUniversityinhighschool.Now,sheattributesmuchofherunderstandingofcollegetothat:
"ButonceIgottocampus,itwasacompletelydifferentballgamethatnoonereallypreparedmefor."
M.Shewasfortunate,though.Howard,awell-regardedhistoricallyblackcollege,hadanarrayofresourcesforitsfirst-generationstudents,includingmatchingkidswithcounselors,connectingfirst-generationstudentstooneanother,andTRIO,anationalprogramthatsupported200studentsonHowar
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