高中英语必修四第四单元知识点.docx
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高中英语必修四第四单元知识点.docx
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高中英语必修四第四单元知识点
Unitfour Earthquakes
1.burst爆裂,突发
Thesquareisburstingwithtourists.广场上到处都是游客。
Ifeltasifmyheartwouldburstwithjoy. 我觉得自己高兴得心花怒放。
Thepoliceburstthroughthedoor.警察破门而入。
Therewasaburstoflaughterinthenextroom. 隔壁房间里突然爆发出一阵笑声。
联想扩展:
(1)burstinon…突然打断
Heburstinonourconversation.他突然打断了我们的谈话。
(2)burstinto+n.突然…
Thespeakerburstintoangryspeech.演讲者突然讲粗话。
(3)burstout+doing突然…
Thewomanburstoutcryinglikeachild.那个妇女突然像小孩一样哭了。
(4)bursttodosth.迫切想做某事
Iamburstingtotellyouthenews.我迫不及待的想告诉你这个消息。
2.suffer
用法归纳:
A,受苦Hesufferedterriblywhenhismotherdied.
B,受到损失 IfIlost,myself-esteemwillsuffer.
C,遭受 Hesufferednopain
联想扩展:
sufferfrom
1、受…之苦 Isufferedmostfromlackofrest.
2、患…病 Iamsufferingfromacold.
特别提示:
suffer表示“患…病”时,后面一般跟疾病名称。
_______suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.
A.Havingsuffered B.Suffering C.Tosuffer D.Suffered
3.reach
用法归纳:
(1)到达
Thestartedearly,hopingtoreachtherebeforedark.它们很早就出发,希望天黑前到达那里。
易混辨析:
reach;get;arrive到达
reach后直接加地点;get加to再加地点;arrive后加at/in再加地点,at后加小地点;in后加大地点。
如果表示地点的词是副词,get和arrive后都不能用介词。
另外,只表示“到了”,不强调到什么地方用arrive。
(2)达到
Thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolwillreach2000nextyear.
(3)用手或脚够到
Canyoureachthebookonthetopoftheshelf?
你能够到书架顶上的那本书吗?
特别提示:
reach还可以作名词,表示“用手或脚能够到的范围;管辖范围或臂展”。
Pleasepassmethesalt,it’soutofmyreach.请把盐递给我,我够不到。
(4)传到某人手中/耳中
Yourletterreachedmeyesterday.我昨天收到你的来信。
Thenewsreachedmejustnow.我刚刚听到那个消息。
(5)通向;延伸
Wheredoesthisroadreach?
这条路通向哪里?
即时活用:
1、Mostchildrenstayathomeuntilthey____schoolage.
A.get B.come C.reach D.arrive
2、DearJenny,thankyouforyourletterwhich______onApril1st.
A.arrived B.arrivedat C.arriving D.arrivedme
3、Itis_______thattheletterwill____youthisafternoon.
A.mostlike;arrive B.likely;reach C.mostlylike;get D.bestlike;reach
4. cover
(1)覆盖
Theplaygroundiscoveredbyfallenleaves,weshouldcleanit. 特别提示:
表示“覆盖”时,常用cover…with/by句型,并且译法比较灵活。
Iamcoveredbydust.我满身都是土。
Shecoveredherfacewithherhands.她用双手捂着脸。
(2)包括;包含;涉及
Thestudyofphysicscoversmanysubjects.
(3)保护;掩护
Themothercoveredthebabyfromthefallingceiling.母亲保护婴儿不受下落的天花板的伤害。
(4)走完多少路;看完多少页书。
Icancover100Lionfootaday.我一天不行能走100里。
Howmanypageshaveyoucovered?
你看完了多少页书?
(5)占多大面积
Ourschoolcoversanareaof60.000squaremeters.我们学校占地60000平方米。
特别提示:
表示“占多大面积”用…coversanareaof+数词。
(6)采访
Thechiefeditorsentareportertocovertheevent.主编派了一记者去采访整个事件。
1、Thefarmishuge,lyingbetweenthevalleys,and____anareaof15squarekilometers.
A.covered B.beingcovered C.covering D.covers
2、Thisisalonghardwinter,witheverything_______white.
A.covered B.coveredby C.covering D.coveringwith
3、Thisbookissaidtobeaspecialonewhich________manyeventsnotfoundinotherhistorybooks.
A.writes B.covers C.prints D.reads
4、Thisisalonghardwinter,witheverything_______white.
A.covered B.coveredby C.covering D.coveredwith
5、Thefarmishuge,lyingbetweenthevalleys,and____anareaof15squarekilometers.
A.covered B.beingcovered C.covering D.covers
5.digout挖出;发现;捐钱
Itisnoteasytodigoutthepast.发掘过去的历史是不容易的。
Hewasburiedbyanavalancheandhadtobedugout.他遇雪崩被埋住了,得把他挖出来。
联想扩展:
digdown挖下 digin开始细致的工作digat挖苦;嘲笑某人digdeep挖深;挖出来
digfor发掘;搜集diginto钻研digup掘起;挖出
6.表示方位的介词in/on /to /off
用法归纳:
(1)in表示在范围里的某个方向
ShanghaiisintheeastofChina.上海在中国的东部。
(2)on表示接壤
CanadaisonthenorthoftheUSA.加拿大在美国北边。
(3)to表示不在范围里,也不接壤
JapanliestotheeastofChina.日本在中国东边。
特别提示:
上边的句子可以改写为:
JapanlieseastofChina.或者EastofChinaliesJapan.
改正过的句子省略了介词to,原因在于表示方向的名词还可以作副词,表示“在什么方向”或“去什么方向”。
(4)off表示
A.在范围里但不接壤(多指各国的岛屿)
TaiwanisofftheeastofChina.台湾在中国的东部。
B.在离…不远处
Myhouseisoffthemainroad.我家离大路不远。
1、Taiwanlies______thesoutheastofFujian,whichis______southeastofChina.
A.in;on B.to;in C.on;in D.to;on
2、Theytraveled________,allthewayuptoWisconsin.
A.thenorth B.inthenorth C.north D.thesouth
7.keep/stop/prevent…fromdoing 防止/阻止…发生
Whatpreventedyoufromcomingontime?
什么事情使你没有按时到?
主动句中,stop和prevent后的from可以省略,keep后的from不能省略。
被动句中,三个词后面的from都不能省略。
即时活用:
Itseemsverydifficult_________.
A.tostopthechildtocry B.preventingthechildcrying
C.tokeepthechildfromcrying D.holdingthechild’scrying
8.makesure=besure
(1)+todo一定;务必
Besuretocomeontimethisafternoon.下午一定要按时到。
(2)+of+n.把…弄确切
IknowthereisatraintoBeijingtonight,butyoushouldmakesureofthetime.
(3)+that从句
WearesurethatChinawillbecomeastrongandpowerfulcountry.
besure/makesuretodo=becertaintodo
besure/makesureof+n.=becertainof+n.
besure/makesure+that…=becertain+that…
当besure/makesure+that…时,句子的主语必须是人;而becertain+that…时,句子的主语用it。
1、Itis______thattheybothhavethegreatestrespectforeachother.
A.certain B.sure C.certainly D.surely
2、---Henry,______thelightis______whenyouleavethelab.---Allright.
A.besure;turneddown B.makesure;turnedoff
C.sure;turnoff D.makesure;turningoff
9.protectvt.保护
(1)protectsth.
Toprotecttheenvironment,weshoulddriveless.为了保护环境,我们应该少开车。
(2)protectsth./sb.from+n.
Youshouldwearapairofdarkglassestoprotectyoureyesfromthesnow.
(3)protectsb./sth.fromdoing
GeYouspeakscarefullyinpublictoprotecthimselffrombeinghurt.
(4)protectAagainstB
Thetreebeltscanprotectthisareaagainstshiftingsand.
1、Heraisedbothhisarmstoprotecthisface______theball.
A.from B.for C.with D.to
2、Atthemeeting,wereachedaconclusionthatweshoulddowhatwecould______theYellowRiverfrombeingfurtherpolluted.
A.toprotect B.protecting C.protect D.protected
3、You’dbetterwearyoursunglassestoprotectyoureyes______thesun.
A.from B.with C.in D.under
10.Thereisno+doing …是不可能的
Thereisnoknowinghowoldheis.不知道他多大。
Thereisnopersuadinghimtogiveuphisidea.不可能说服他放弃他的观点。
11、大量的
⑴修饰不可数名次 agreat/gooddeal/alargeamountof/much
⑵修饰可数名次 many/anumberof/agreat(good)many
⑶即可修饰可数名次也可修饰不可数名次plentyof/alotof/lotsof/alargequantityof/quantitiesof/amassof/massesof
1、Ispent_______ofmytimeinthiswork.
A.aplenty B.agoodmany C.agooddeal D.greatdeal
2、–Howmanybooksdoeshehave ---Hepossesses________them.
A.plentyof B.verymuch C.agreatdeal D.anamountof
Thosewhowelcomedtherailwaysawitasmorethanarapidandcomfortablemeansofpassing.Theyactuallysawitasafactorinworldpeace.Theydidnotforeseethattherailwaywouldbejustonemoremeansfortherapidmovementofaggressivearmies.Noneofthemforesawthatthemorewearetogether-themorechancesthereareofwar.Anyboyorgirlwhoisoneofalargefamilyknowsthat.
Wheneveranynewinventionisputforward,thoseforitandthoseagainstitcanalwaysfindmedicalmentoapproveorcondemn.Theanti-railwaygroupproduceddoctorswhosaidthattunnelswouldbemostdangeroustopublichealth:
theywouldproducecolds,catarrhs(粘膜炎)andconsumptions.Thedeafeningnoiseandtheglareoftheenginefire,wouldhaveabadeffectonthenerves.Further,beingmovedthroughtheairatahighspeedwoulddograveinjurytodelicatelungs.Inthosewithhighblood-pressure,themovementofthetrainmightproduceapoplexy(中风).Thesuddenplungingofatrainintothedarknessofatunnel,andtheequallysuddenrushintofulldaylight,wouldcausegreatdamagetoeyesight.Butthepro-railwaygroupwasofcourseabletoproduceequallyfamousmedicalmentosayjusttheopposite.Theysaidthatthespeedandswingofthetrainwouldequalizethecirculation,promotedigestion,tranquilizethenerves,andensuregoodsleep.
Theactualrolling-stockwasanythingbutcomfortable.Ifitwasatestofendurancetositforfourhoursoutsideacoachinrain,orinsideindirtyair,therailwayofferedlittlemoreinthewayofcomfort.Certainlythefirst-classcarriageshadcushionedseats;butthesecond-classhadonlynarrowbareboards,whilethethird-classhadnothingatall;noseatsandnoroof;theywerejustopentrucks.Sothatthird-classpassengersgainednothingfromthefewmodeexceptspeed.Inthematterofcomfort,indeedtheylost;theydid,onthecoaches,haveaseat,butnowtheyhadtostandalltheway,whichgaveopportunitiestothecomic(滑稽的)press.Thiskindofthing:
Amanwasseenyesterdaybuyingathird-classticketforthenewLondonandBirminghamRailway.Thestateofhismindisbeingenquiredinto.
Awriterintheearlydaysofrailwayswrotefeelinglyofbothsecond-andthird-classcarriages.Hemadethesuggestionthatthedirectorsoftherailwaysmusthavesentallovertheworldtofindthehardestpossiblewood.Oftheopenthird-classtruckshesaidthattheyhadthepeculiarpropertyofmeetingtherainfromwhateverquarteritcame.Hedescribedthemashorizontalshower-baths,fromwhosesearchingpowertherewasnoescape.
16.Allboysandgirlsinlargefamiliesknowthat .
A
)aboyandagirlu
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