专题2完形填空中考英语真题分类精解与解题技巧广州专用.docx
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专题2完形填空中考英语真题分类精解与解题技巧广州专用.docx
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专题2完形填空中考英语真题分类精解与解题技巧广州专用
完形填空
完形填空考查的类型
1.词汇题。
这种题型从句子和语境层次全面考查名词、代词、形容词、副词、连词、介词、动词等词类的意义和用法。
2.动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词和主谓一致题。
这种题型也是从语境的层次全面考查学生对上述内容的掌握程度。
3.固定搭配和习惯用法题。
这种题型涉及动词短语、介词短语、副词短语等的用法。
4.句法题。
这种题型涉及简单句的五种句型、并列复合句、状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句等。
5.逻辑分析题。
这种题型主要考查学生的阅读理解能力、综合分析能力和语言运用能力。
完形填空的每个空格究竟该选哪个选项才恰当,取决于以下几个方面:
第一,语境。
语境即上下文。
它包括选择项与所在句子的语义联系,所在句与周围语句的意义上的关系,所在句在本段中所起的作用,所在句在整篇短文中所起的作用以及与文章内容主线的关系。
有些选择项根据上下句就能比较容易地做出正确判断,而有些选择项则必须根据整篇文章的大意才能推出。
第二,语法知识。
从语言环境角度筛选后,不能得出最终答案,还要从语法角度再考虑动词的形式、句子的结构等。
第三,必要的常识。
第四,注意同义词、近义词的细微区别和一些固定搭配。
总之,判断正确答案要从多角度去考虑,把语境、语法、词法、常识、固定搭配等有机地结合起来综合考虑是做完形填空题的最佳方法。
完形填空的解题技巧
(一)根据上下文确定答案
Thereweresomanypeopleonthebusthattherewere 1 emptyseats.Whenayoungmangoton,anoldmannearhimwantedto 2 ,buttheyoungmanpushedhimbacktohisseat.
“Thankyou,”hesaid,“butpleasedon’tdothat.Icanstand.”
1.A.manyB.someC.enoughD.no
2.A.sitdownB.geton
C.setoutD.standup
分析 第1小题所给的选项从单句来看均可和后面的emptyseats搭配。
但根据上文的“Thereweresomanypeopleonthebus”来判断,不可能有many(许多)、some(一些)、enough(足够的)“空位”。
因此,该题的答案应为D。
第2小题所给的选项是四个动词短语,根据下文的“...pushedhimbacktohisseat”和“Icanstand.”可知答案是D。
(二)根据惯用法确定答案
It’sSunday.Somestudentsaregoing 1 atripwiththeirteacher. 2 theirwaytheysawabusbehindthem...
1.A.to B.for C.on D.at
2.A.On B.By C.At D.To
分析 短文叙述的是老师领着学生旅游的事情。
第1小题,“goonatrip”是固定搭配,意为“去旅行”,所以应选C项。
第2小题是习惯用法,表示“在(去)……的路上”,英语中要用“onone’sway(to)...”,故应选A项。
(三)运用逻辑推理确定答案
Mr.Brownbegantowalkateightinthemorning.Nowthesunwasabouttoset.Hewastiredandhungry.Hewaswalkingslowlytowardsthe andhisshadowlaylongbehindhim.Hehadtolookforaplaceforthenight.
A.east B.west C.south D.north
分析 此题所给的选项是四个表示方向的名词,均可和前面的介词“towards(朝着)”搭配,很难判断哪一个是正确答案。
只有运用逻辑推理的方法才能找出正确答案。
根据上文的“太阳就要落山了”判断此时应为下午,太阳是在西方。
再根据下文的“他的影子长长地拖在后面”就可以推断出,此时布朗先生正朝着西方慢慢地走着,故选B。
(四)根据词语用法确定答案
Alittlecocklivedneartheriver.Onemorningthelittlecock hisbeautifulclothesandwentforawalkbytheriver.Onhiswayhemetalittleduck.
A.woreB.hadon
C.dressedD.puton
分析 所给的四个选项是一组同义词语,都可表示“穿”,但它们在用法上有所不同。
wear和haveon都可接“衣物”作宾语,意为“穿着”,表示状态;puton也可接“衣物”作宾语,意为“穿上”,表示动作;而dress的宾语只能是人,而不能是“衣物”。
根据以上分析,再结合原句的意思,可以确定答案为D。
中考真题精练
一
2020广州中考
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从16〜25各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Onesunnymorning,whenZebra(斑马)visitedtheriverforacooldrink,heheardatinyvoice.“Helpme,Zebra!
”
ZebralookedaroundandfoundWasp(黄蜂)___16___inaspiderwebinathornbush(荆棘丛).Carefully,Zebrareachedintoit,butthethorns____17____him.“Ouch!
”Zebrasteppedbackandwasleaving.
“Pleasehelpme,”saidWasp.“OnedayIwill____18____yourhelp.”
Zebralaughed.“I’mfastandstrong.Besides,Ihaveabigfamily.WhywouldIneedhelpfroma____19____wasp?
”
“Pleasetryonemoretime,”Waspsaid.Zebraknockedattheweb.____20____,thistimeitwasenoughtofreeWasp.“Trytostayoutoftrouble,”Zebrasaid.“Imightnotbenearbythenexttimeaspidergets___21___.”Thenheleft.
Allday,Zebrastayedwithhisfamilyuntilhenoticedhisfavouritefruit—someberries!
ThehungryZebraranto____22____theberries.
WaspwasrestinginthebusheswhenshesawZebra.ShealsofoundLionhidingquietlyahead.IfZebragottooclosetoLion…
Thinkingquickly,WaspflewdownandgaveLionasuddensting.The____23____lioncried.“Roooooaaar!
”Zebraheardtheloudcry.Inasecond,heturnedaroundandranback____24____.
Amomentlater,WaspflewaroundZebra’shead.“Trytostayoutoftrouble,”Waspsaidwitha______25______.“Imightnotbenearbythenexttimealiongetshungry.”
16.A.restingB.playingC.caughtD.hidden
17.A.hurtB.hitC.refusedD.killed
18.A.rememberB.returnC.repeatD.report
19.A.noisyB.lazyC.shyD.little
20.A.SadlyB.SuddenlyC.LuckilyD.Strangely
21.A.sleepyB.angryC.thirstyD.hungry
22.A.smellB.tasteC.touchD.watch
23.A.surprisedB.excitedC.interestedD.bored
24.A.friendB.familyC.riverD.fruit
25.A.laughB.shoutC.wishD.promise
二
2019广州中考
Johnsuddenlyjumpedofftheswingwithoutevenslowingdown.Hecalledoutnervously,“Mom,where'sCharlie?
"Hehadjust___16___hehadn'tseenhisnewpuppyforoveranhour.
Johnlookedaroundthegarden,behindthebushes,andunderthepicnictable.Nodog!
Hismotherheard___17___inhisvoiceashecalledherasecondtime."Mom,Ican'tfindCharlie!
"
Shecameoutside___18___."Let'slookaroundthegardenfirst.Don’tworry.I'msurehe'scloseby.
Bothsonandmotherwere___19___now,butstillnoCharlie.Theircallswerenotcompletelywasted,though.Joe,thenext-doorneighbor,andhistwodaughtersTaniaandJulie,immediatelyagreedtohelpthem___20___thelostdog.
Butevenwithfivepeoplenowsearchingthetown'sstreets,theyhadnoluck.Charliewasstill___21___
TaniasuggestedtheymakeposterswithCharlie’s___22___Shehaddonethiswhenherowncatwaslostayearearlier,shetoldJohn,andthecatwasfoundthenextday.
Johnagreed.Whentheygothome,hemadeaposterwithaphotoofCharlie,ThenJohnhearda___23___andopenedhisbedroomdoor.ItwasCharlie.JohnwasgreetedwithabigwetkissCharliehadbeen___24___inthebedroomthiswholetime,sleeping.Johnhadneverbeenso___25___inhislife!
16.A.decidedB.forgottenC.understoodD.realized
17.A.angerB.hopeC.fearD.warning
18.A.activelyB.quicklyC.carelesslyD.annoyingly
19.A.shoutingB.talkingC.fightingD.thinking
20.A.giveupB.lookforC.runafterD.takecareof
21.A.missingB.asleepC.takeD.quiet
22.A.addressB.characterC.nameD.picture
23.A.messB.noiseC.voiceD.song
24.A.shutB.wokeC.tiedD.saved
25.A.afraidB.sillyC.happyD.proud
三
2018广州中考
Beforegraduatingcollege,Jackiebegantolookforajob.Sheaimedatafamouscompany,butthe
(1) forsuchjobswasverystrong.ThecompanyJackiechoseplannedtoemployonlyoneperson,butmorethantwentypeopleappliedforthejob.
(2),Jackiewasoneofthethreepeopleinvitedforthefinalinterview.Theinterviewwasvery(3).Theintervieweraskedjustafewquestionsanditwasalloverinlessthan10minutes.Thentheinterviewersaidtothem,"Allofyouareverygood.Pleasegohomeand(4)ourresponse."
Threedayslater,Jackiereceivedamessagesayingshewouldnotbe(5)thejob.Shefeltdeeplydisappointed.Thatevening,however,shereceivedanother(6).Thistimeitsaidthatshegotthejob.
Jackielaterfoundoutthatthefirstmessagesenttoherphonewaspartoftheinterviewa(7)toseeifshewassuitableforthejob.Allthethreepeoplereceivedthe(8)text,butonlyJackie'sreply(9)thecompany.Ofthethree,onedidnotreply.Theothersaid"goodbye"andJackiesaid"thankyou".ThisreplyshowedthatJackiewasa/an(10)person,sothecompanyofferedherthejob.
1.A.examB.workC.competitionD.plan
2.A.ThankfullyB.UnluckilyC.HopefullyD.Immediately
3.A.longB.strictC.interestingD.simple
4.A.pickupB.waitforC.dealwithD.thinkof
5.A.offeredB.returnedC.refusedD.shown
6.A.letterB.e﹣mailC.callD.message
7.A.guideB.conversationC.testD.lesson
8.A.sameB.otherC.secondD.whole
9.A.reachedB.satisfiedC.helpedD.surprised
10.A.braveB.cleverC.politeD.honest
四
2017广州中考
完形填空 (共10小题,每题1.5分,满分15分)
完形填空。
Morethan700yearsago,Scotland(苏格兰)wasfightingwithEngland.ThekingofEnglandwantedto___16___Scotland.Hehadastrongarmysoitwas___17___fortheScotstofight.Theylostmanytimes,KingRobertofScotlandhadtorunfromtheEnglisharmy.
Onerainyday,KingRobertlayinanoldhouse.Hethoughtthathewasnotgoodenoughtobeking.Hewasso___18___thathedidn’tevenseeaspider(蜘蛛)nearhim.He___19___whenhesawthespiderclimbing.Itwastryingtoclimbupitswebatthetopofthehousebutitfelldown.
“Howsad”thoughtKingRobert.“Thespiderislikeme.It’snot___20___enough.”Hewatchedwhilethespiderclimbedupagain.Itfelldownasecondtime.
“Becareful,littlespider,oryoumightdie,”hesaid.“Lifeissohard.You’llnevergetbacktoyourweb.”Butthespider___21___againandagain.KingRobertwatchedwhileit___22___climbedbacktoitsweb.Afteranhour,thespidergotdotheweb.
“Youaresuchagreat___23___,”hesaid.“Ifyoucankeeptrying.Icantoo.Imustkeeponfighting.Iwon’tlettheEnglishwin.”His___24___grewstrongandthey___25___theEnglisharmy.Scotlandwasfree.
Nobodyknowsifthisisatruestory.Manyparentstellittotheirchildrenbecausethewantthemtokeeptrying.
16.A.leaveB.controlC.helpD.Visit
17.A.interestingB.difficultC.importantD.necessary
18.A.surprisedB.boredC.worriedD.Lonely
19.A.lookedaheadB.lookedoutC.lookedonD.lookedup
20.A.oldB.strongC.fastD.free
21.A.triedB.fellC.practicedD.cheered
22.A.finallyB.easilyC.slowlyD.suddenly
23.A.playerB.fighterC.soldierD.spider
24.A.armyB.feelingC.opinionsD.family
25.A.keptB.raisedC.stoppedD.joined
五
2015广州中考
完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从36~45各题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
KiermanwasborninSydney,Australia,andgrewupnearthesea.Formorethan40years,heracedininternationalsailingcompetitions.
In1987,Kiermanwascompetinginanaround-the-worldracewhenhebeganto36thehugeamountofrubbishintheworld’soceans.WhenhereturnedtoAustralia,he37todosomethingaboutit.
Heorganizedacommunity38called“CleanUpSydneyHarbour.”OnSunday,January8,1989,morethan40,000volunteerscameoutto39awayrubbish.Thenextyear,Kiermanmadetheclean-upanationalevent.Itwasahuge40.AcrossAustralia,about300,000peoplespentt
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