PEP小学英语重点句型语法总结与分析 2.docx
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PEP小学英语重点句型语法总结与分析 2.docx
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PEP小学英语重点句型语法总结与分析2
PEP小学英语重点句型语法总结与分析
三年级起点的人教版PEP教材在小学阶段共有8册书,其涉及的重要语法知识主要有7种:
tobe句型、therebe句型、一般现在时句型、现在进行时句型、一般过去时句型、情态动词can引导的句型、begoingto句型等。
现以5——8册书为例,简要分析如下:
[一]tobe句型:
用于介绍个人情况如姓名、健康状况、身份、国籍、家庭成员、朋友、职业等,描述地点、颜色、四季、日期、星期几等,该句型广泛分布于各册教材中,其中5——8册的句型主要有:
1.Who’syourEnglishteacher?
Mr.Carter.
2.What’shelike?
He’stallandstrong.
3.Isshequiet?
No,sheisn’t. Sheisveryactive.
4.Isshestrict?
Yes,sheis,butshe’sverykind.
5.Whatdayisittoday?
It’sWednesday.
6.What’syourfavouritefruit/food…?
7.They’resweet/sour/salty/healthy/…
8.Whenisyourbirthday?
It’sinMay.
9.MybirthdayisinJune. UncleBill’sbirthdayisinJune,too.
10.IsherbirthdayinJune?
Yes,itis.
11.What’sthedate?
12.ThisisZhangPeng.
13.Whereisthecinema,please?
It’snexttothehospital.
14.Howtallareyou?
I’m164cmtall.
15.Youareshorterthanme.
16.You’re4cmtallerthanme.
17.Howheavyareyou?
I’m48kg.
18.I’mthinnerthanyou,andshorter.
19.What’sthematterwithyou?
Mythroatissore.
20.Howareyou,LiuYun/Sarah?
[二]therebe句型:
表示存在,即:
“某处有某物”或“某时有某事”。
句型基本结构为:
Thereis+可数名词单数或不可数名词+时间或地点。
Thereare+可数名词复数+地点。
该句型主要分布在第5册的Unit5和Unit6中,如:
1.Therearetwobedrooms,akitchen,abathroomandalivingroom.
2.Thereisamirror,abedandabigcloset.
3.Isthereaforestinthepark?
Yes,thereis.
4.Isthereariver?
No,thereisn’t.
5.Arethereanypandasinthemountains?
No,therearen’t.
6.Arethereanyfishintherivers?
Yes,thereare.
[三]一般现在时句型:
表示习惯性的动作或行为,或现在存在着的状况。
句型基本结构为:
主语+行为动词+其他。
当主语是第三人称单数时,要在动词原形后面加s或es,其他人称作主语时则用动词原形,在问句及否定句中需要用助动词do或does。
这种句型通常有一些标志词,如:
usually often sometimes never always等。
该句型主要分布在第5册Unit2&3,第6册Unit1&2,第7册Unit4,5,6,第8册Unit2中。
如:
Book5:
1.WhatdoyouhaveonThursdays?
WehaveEnglish,mathandscienceonThursdays.
2.WhatdoyoudoonSaturdays?
IwatchTVonSaturdays.
3.Idomyhomework.
4.WhatdoyouhaveforlunchonMondays?
Wehavetomatoes,tofuandfish.
5.Ilikefruit.ButIdon’tlikegrapes.
Book6:
1.Whendoyoueatdinner?
Ieatdinnerat7:
00intheevening.
2.Whendoyougetup?
Iusuallygetupat12:
00noon.
3.Whatdoyoudoontheweekend?
UsuallyIwatchTVandgoshopping.
4.SometimesIvisitmygrandparents.Ioftenplayfootball.SometimesIgohiking.
5.Whichseasondoyoulikebest?
Ilikewinterbest.
6.Whydoyoulikesummer/winter?
Book7:
1.Howdoyougotoschool,Sarah?
2.UsuallyIgotoschoolonfoot. SometimesIgobybike.
3.Ilikecollectingstamps.Helikescollectingstamps,too.
4.Doessheteachmath?
Yes,shedoes.
5.DoessheteachEnglish?
No,shedoesn’t. Sheteachesmath.
6.Whatdoesyourmotherdo?
Whatdoesyourfatherdo?
7.Wheredoesshework?
Sheworksinacarcompany.
8.Howdoesshegotowork?
Shegoestoworkbybus.
9.Wheredoestheraincomefrom?
Itcomesfromtheclouds.
10.Wheredoesthecloudcomefrom?
Itcomesfromthevapour.
11.Wheredoesthevapourcomefrom?
Itcomesfromthewaterintheriver.
12.Thesunshinesandthewaterbecomesvapour.
13.Howdoyoudothat?
Book8:
1.Mynosehurts.
2.Howdoyoufeel?
Ifeelsick. HowdoesAmyfeel?
3.Youlooksohappy. Youlooksadtoday.
[四]现在进行时句型:
表示说话时正在进行的动作或事件,或在短期内正在进行的动作或存在的情况。
标志词是:
now也常用在Look!
Listen!
等后面。
句型主要结构为:
be动词(am,is,are)+动词现在分词(v.ing)。
该句型主要分布在第6册Unit4,5,6中。
如:
1.Whatareyoudoing?
I’mdoingthedishes. I’mreadingabook.
2.Grandpaiswritingaletter. Brotherisdoinghomework.Momiscookingdinnerinthekitchen.
3.Heiswritingane-mailinthestudy.
3.Whatisitdoing?
It’seatingbananas.
4.Whatisshedoing?
She’sjumping.
5.Whataretheydoing?
They’reswimming. They’reclimbingtrees.
6.Areyoueatinglunch?
No,wearen’t.
7.Aretheyeatingthehoney?
Yes,theyare.
8.Isheplayingchess?
Yes,heis.
9.Isshecountinginsects?
No,sheisn’t.
[五]一般过去时句型:
表示过去发生的而现在已经结束的事件、动作或情况。
句型基本结构为:
主语+动词过去式+其他。
标志词通常是:
yesterday,lastweek, lastyear等,在问句与否定句中要用助动词did。
该句型分布在第8册Unit3&4中。
如:
1.Whatdidyoudolastweekend?
Iplayedfootball.
2.Didyouhelpthemcleantheirroom?
Yes,Idid.
3.Whatdidyoudoyesterday?
Iwentfishing.
4.Didyoureadbook?
Yes,Idid.
5.Didyoucleanyourroom?
No,Ididn’t.
6.Wheredidyougoonyourholiday?
IwenttoXinjiang.
7.Whatdidyoudothere?
Isanganddancedwithmynewfriends.
8.Howdidyougothere?
Iwentbytrain.
此外,一般过去时也可用来表示客气的询问。
如:
Book3Unit5,Book5Unit3中的:
Whatwouldyoulikeforlunch?
I’dlikesome…
[六]情态动词can引导的句型:
表示有能力做某事,can后面的动词要用原形。
该句型主要分布在第5册Unit4和第7册Unit1中。
如:
Book4:
1.Whatcanyoudo?
Icansweepthefloor. Icancookthemeals.
2.Icanwatertheflowers.
3.Canyoumakethebed?
No,Ican’t.
4.Canyouuseacomputer?
Yes,Ican.
Book7:
HowcanIgettoZhongshanPark?
YoucangobytheNo.15bus.
[七]将来时:
我们的教材中出现过两种表示将来时的句型,即:
will和begoingto句型,主要以begoingto句型为主,表示将要做某事或打算做某事。
句型主要结构:
am/is/are+goingto+v.原形。
标志词有:
tomorrow nextweekend thismorning thisweekend next…begoingto
Book7:
1.Whatareyougoingtodothisweekend?
Iamgoingtovisitmygrandparents.
2.Whereareyougoing?
Iamgoingtothecinema.
3.HowishegoingtoBeijing?
HeisgoingtoBeijingbyplane.
4.WhenisshegoingtoXiashan?
Sheisgoingtogothereat9:
00am.
小学英语不规则动词过去式表
be(am\is)—was are—were come—came
go –went do(does)--did fly—flew
draw—drew make—made sing—sang
have(has)—had eat—ate drink—drank
put—put let—let read—read
can—could see—saw meet—met
get—got forget—forgot take—took
may—might shall—should will—would
know—knew begin—began bend—bent
build—built mean—meant buy—bought
learn--learnt learned think—thought teach—taught
catch—caught sleep—slept sweep—swept
keep—kept speak—spoke ride—rode
feel—felt leave—left give—gave
run—ran ring—rang sit—sat
swim—swam say--said stand--stood
tell—told throw –threw win—won
write--wrote
be(am\is)—was are—were come—came
go –went do(does)--did fly—flew
draw—drew make—made sing—sang
have(has)—had eat—ate drink—drank
put—put let—let read—read
can—could see—saw meet—met
get—got forget—forgot take—took
may—might shall—should will—would
know—knew begin—began bend—bent
build—built mean—meant buy—bought
learn--learnt learned think—thought teach—taught
catch—caught sleep—slept sweep—swept
keep—kept speak—spoke ride—rode
feel—felt leave—left give—gave
run—ran ring—rang sit—sat
swim—swam say--said stand--stood
tell—told throw –threw win—won
write--wrote
一、一般疑问句
1.---Didyoureadbooks?
你读书了吗?
---Yes,Idid.是的,我读过了。
/No,Ididn't.不,我没有读过。
2.---Isshequiet?
她文静吗?
---No,sheisn't.She'sveryactive.不,她不。
她很活跃。
---Isshestrict?
她严格吗?
---Yes,sheis,butshe'sverykind.是的,她是,但是她很和蔼。
3.---Isthisateacher'sdesk?
这是一张讲台桌吗?
Isitcold?
冷吗?
IsherbirthdayinJune?
她的生日在六月吗?
IsthisyourT-shirt?
这是你的T恤衫吗?
---Yes,itis.是的。
/No,itisn't.(No,it'snot.)不,不是的。
4.---Canyoumakethebed?
你会铺床吗?
Canyouuseacomputer?
你会使用电脑吗?
---Yes,Ican.是的,我会。
/No,Ican't.不,我不会。
5.---Aretheyducks?
它们是鸭子吗?
Aretheyeatingthehoney?
它们吃蜂蜜吗?
---Yes,theyare.是的,它们是。
/No,theyaren't.不,它们不是。
6.---Isthereaforestinthepark?
公园里有一个森林吗?
Isthereariver?
那里有条河吗?
---Yes,thereis.是的,那里有。
/No,therearen't.不,那里没有。
7.---Arethereanypandasinthemountains?
山里有一些熊猫吗?
Arethereanyfishintherivers?
河里有一些鱼吗?
---Yes,thereare.是的,那里有。
/No,therearen't.不,那里没有。
8.---Areyoueatinglunch?
你(们)正在吃午餐吗?
---Yes,Iam.(Yes,weare.)是的,我正在吃。
(是的,我们正在吃。
)
No,Iamnot.(No,wearen't.)不,我没有在吃。
(不,我们没有在吃。
)
9.---Isheplayingchess?
他正在下棋吗?
---Yes,heis.是的,他是。
/No,heisn't.不,他没有。
10.---Isshecountinginsects?
她正在数昆虫吗?
---Yes,sheis.是的,她是。
/No,sheisn't.不,她没有。
11.---Doesshe/heteachEnglish?
她(他)教英语吗?
---Yes,she/hedoes.是的,她(他)是。
/No,she/hedoesn't.不,她(他)不是。
二、谈论时间
1.---Whattimeisit?
几点钟?
---It'stwoo'clock.两点钟。
It's9:
45.It'stimeformathclass.九点四十五。
是上数学课的时间了。
2.---Whatdayisittoday?
今天星期几?
---It'sWednesday.星期三。
3.---Whendoyoueatdinner?
你几点吃晚餐?
---Ieatdinnerat7:
00intheevening.我晚上7点钟吃晚餐。
4.---Whendoyougetup?
你几点起床?
---Iusuallygetupat12:
00noon.我一般中午12点钟起床。
5.---Whenisyourbirthday?
你的生日是什么时候?
---It'sinMay.在五月。
MybirthdayisinJune.我的生日在六月。
UncleBill'sbirthdayisinJune,too.比尔叔叔的生日也在六月。
6.---What'sthedate?
几月几日?
---June9th.六月九日。
三、谈论颜色
1.---Whatcolourisit?
什么颜色?
---It'swhite.白色。
四、谈论地点
1.---Whereareyougoingthisafternoon?
下午你打算去哪?
---I'mgoingtothebookstore.我打算去书店。
12.---Whatdoyoudoontheweekend?
你周末做什么?
---UsuallyIwatchTVandgoshopping.一般我看电视和去购物。
SometimesIvisitmygrandparents.有时候我去拜访我的祖父母。
/Ioftenplayfootball.我经常去踢足球。
SometimesIgohiking.有时候我去远足。
13.---WhatdoyouhaveonThursdays?
星期四你们有什么课?
---WehaveEnglish,mathandscienceonThursdays.星期四我们有英语,数学和科学课。
14.---WhatdoyoudoonSaturdays?
星期六你做什么
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