成都市高考英语一轮阅读理解选练5及答案.docx
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成都市高考英语一轮阅读理解选练5及答案.docx
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成都市高考英语一轮阅读理解选练5及答案
阅读下列四篇短文,从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
Theteacherwhodidthemosttoencouragemewas,asithappens,myaunt.ShewasMyrtleC.Manigault,thewifeofmymother’sbrotherBill.Shetaughtmeinsecondgradeatall-blackSumnerSchoolinCamden,NewJersey.
Duringmychildhoodandyouth,AuntMyrtleencouragedmetodevelopeveryaspectofmypotential,withoutregardforwhatwasconsideredpracticalorpossibleforblackfemales.Ilikedtosing;shelistenedtomyvoiceandpronounceditgood.Icouldn’tdance;shetaughtmethebasicdancingsteps.Shetookmetothetheatre—notjustchildren’stheatrebutadultcomediesanddramas—andherfaiththatIcouldappreciateadultplayswasnotdisappointed.
Myauntalsotookdownbooksfromherextensivelibraryandsharedthemwithme.Ihadbooksathome,buttheywereallseriousclassics.EvenasachildIhadastronglikingforhumour,allI’llneverforgetthejoyofdiscoveringDonMarquis’sArchy&Mehitabelthroughher.
Mostimportant,perhaps,AuntMyrtleprovidedmyfirstopportunitytowriteforpublication.Awriterherselfforoneoftheblacknewspapers,shesuggestedmynametotheeditorasa“youthcolumnist”.Mycolumn,begunwhenIwasfourteen,wassupposedtocoverteenagesocialactivities—anditdid—butitalsogavemethefreedomtowriteonmanyothersubjectsaswellasthehabitofgatheringmaterial,thedisciplineofmeetingdeadlines,and,aftergraduationfromcollegesixyearslater,asolidcollectionofpublishedmaterialthatcarriedmynameandwasmypassporttoaseriesofwritingjobs.
TodayAuntMyrtleisstillanenthusiasticsupporterofher“favouriteniece”.Likeadiamond,shehasreflectedabright,multifaceted(多面的)imageofpossibilitiestoeverypupilwhohascrossedherpath.
1.WhichofthefollowingdidAuntMyrtledototheauthorduringherchildhoodandyouth?
A.Shelenthersomeseriousclassics.B.Shecultivatedhertasteformusic.
C.Shediscoveredhertalentfordancing.D.Sheintroducedhertoadultplays.
2.WhatdoesArchy&MehitabelinParagraph3probablyreferto?
A.Abookofgreatfun. B.Awriterofhighfame.
C.Aseriousmasterpiece. D.Aheartbreakingplay.
3.AuntMyrtlerecommendedtheauthortoanewspapereditormainlyto .
A.develophercapabilitiesforwritingB.giveherachancetocollectmaterial
C.involveherinteenagesocialactivitiesD.offerheraseriesofwritingjobs
4.WecanconcludefromthepassagethatAuntMyrtlewasateacherwho .
A.trainedpupilstobediligentandwell-disciplined
B.gavepupilsconfidenceinexploitingtheirpotential
C.emphasizedwhatwaspracticalorpossibleforpupils
D.helpedpupilsovercomedifficultiesinlearning
【参考答案】1--4、DAAB
【2015高考复习】阅读理解
SmallBusinessSaturdayisanAmericanshoppingholidaycreatedin2010,heldontheSaturdayafterThanksgivingduringoneofthebusiestshoppingperiodsoftheyear.
SmallBusinessSaturdayencouragesholidayshopperstosupportsmallbusinessownersandhelpfueltheeconomybyshoppingattheirfavoritelocalstores.
Smallbusinessesarecriticaltothenation’seconomy.Therewerenearly28millionsmallbusinessesintheUnitedStateslastyear.Overthepasttwodecades,theycreated65percentofnetnewjobs.Theirimportancetolocalcommunitiesextendsevenfurther.Forevery$100spentinlocallyowned,independentstores,$68returnstothecommunitythroughtaxesandothermeans.
“SmallbusinessistheengineofjobcreationintheUSeconomy,”saidKenChenault,theCEOofAmericanExpress.“Itisalsoamongthesectors(领域)hardesthitbytheeconomiccrisis.ByspreadingthewordaboutSmallBusinessSaturday,wecanhelpraiseawarenessaboutthecriticalrolesmallbusinessesplayincitiesandtownsacrossthecountryatatimewhentheyneedsupportthemost.”
MayorBloombergsaid,“Smallbusinessesarethegluethatholdscommunitiestogether,andwe’vealwayssoughtnewwaystosupportthem—somethingthatbecameevenmoreimportantwhenthenationaleconomicdownturnbegan.WhenKenChenaulttoldmeabouthisideaforSmallBusinessSaturday,Ijumpedattheopportunitytoparticipate.Thisyear,ifyouhavetheopportunitytoshopontheSaturdayafterThanksgiving,makeitapointtovisitlocalsmallbusinesses.Itreallycanmakeanenormousdifferenceformerchantstryingtosucceed.”
KenChenaulthopesthatsupportinglocalbusinesswillbemorethanjustaonedayevent.“Whenweinvestinsmallbusinesses,weareinvestinginMain_Streets—theplacesthatgiveourtownsandcitiesauniquesenseofplace,”saidMrChenault.“BycelebratingSmallBusinessSaturdayandshoppingatindependentbusinesses,everyonecanplayapartinstrengtheningoureconomyandsupportingrevitalization(复苏)onourMainStreets.”
【语篇解读】 随着美国一个全新的购物假日的出现,小企业的重要性再次凸显。
它的作用有目共睹,相关权威人士甚至把它看做是美国经济的基础
1.WecanknowfromthepassagethatSmallBusinessSaturday________.
A.wascreatedtoprotecttheenvironment
B.wasstartedbyAmericanExpress
C.hasawideinfluenceacrossAmerica
D.issupportedbymostholidayshoppers
解析 推理判断题。
结合第四段第一句的内容以及第五段中的“WhenKenChenaulttoldmeabouthisideaforSmallBusiness.Saturday”可推知,SmallBusinessSaturday是由美国运通创立的。
答案 B
2.WhowilldirectlybenefitfromSmallBusinessSaturday?
A.Individuals. B.Holidayshoppers.
C.Smallbusinessowners. D.Bigbusinessowners.
解析 推理判断题。
结合第二段中的“tosupportsmallbusinessowners”可推知,从SmallBusinessSaturday中直接受益的是小企业主。
答案 C
3.AccordingtoKenChenault,whatarethebasesoftheUSeconomy?
A.Families. B.Communities.
C.Smallbusinesses. D.Bigbusinesses.
解析 细节理解题。
根据第四段第一句的内容可知,KenChenault认为小企业是美国经济的基础。
答案 C
4.Whatdoes“MainStreets”(inthelastparagraph)referto?
A.SmallAmericanbusinesses.
B.Americantownsandcities.
C.TheUSeconomies.
D.BigAmericancompanies.
解析 推理判断题。
根据最后一段第二句前半部分的内容以及本段最后一句的内容可推知“MainStreets”指的是美国的小企业。
答案 A
阅读理解。
Fearmaybefeltintheheartaswellasinthehead,accordingtoastudythathasfoundalinkbetweenthecyclesofabeatingheartandthechanceofsomeonefeelingfear.
Testsonhealthyvolunteersfoundthattheyweremorelikelytofeelasenseoffearatthemomentwhentheirheartsarecontracting(收缩)andpumpingbloodaroundtheirbodies,comparedwiththepointwhentheheartbeatisrelaxed.Scientistssaytheresultssuggestthattheheartisabletoinfluencehowthebrainrespondstoafearfulevent,dependingonwhichpointitisatinitsregularcycleofcontractionandrelaxation.
SarahGarfinkelattheBrightonandSussexMedicalSchoolsaid:
“Ourstudyshowsforthefirsttimethatthewayinwhichwedealwithfearisdifferentdependingonwhenweseefearfulpicturesinrelationtoourheart.”
Thestudytested20healthyvolunteersontheirreactionstofearastheywereshownpicturesoffearfulfaces.DrGarfinkelsaid,“Thestudyshowedthatfearfulfacesarebetternoticedwhentheheartispumpingthanwhenitisrelaxed.Thusourheartscanalsoaffectwhatweseeandwhatwedon'tsee—andguidewhetherweseefear.”
Tofurtherunderstandthisrelationship,thescientistsalsousedabrainscanner(扫描仪)toshowhowthebraininfluencesthewaytheheartchangesaperson'sfeelingoffear.
“Wehavefoundanimportantmechanismbywhichtheheartandbrain‘speak’toeachothertochangeourfeelingsandreducefear,”DrGarfinkelsaid.
“Wehopethatbyincreasingourunderstandingabouthowfearisdealtwithandwaysthatitcouldbereduced,wemaybeabletodevelopmoresuccessfultreatmentsforanxietydisorders,andalsoforthosewhomaybesufferingfromseriousstressdisorder.”
47.Whatisthefindingofthestudy?
A.One'sheartaffectshowhefeelsfear.
B.Fearisaresultofone'srelaxedheartbeat.
C.Fearhassomethingtodowithone'shealth.
D.One'sfastheartbeatsarelikelytocausefear.
48.Thestudywascarriedoutbyanalyzing________.
A.volunteers'heartbeatswhentheysawterriblepictures
B.thetimevolunteerssawfearfulpicturesandtheirhealthconditions
C.volunteers'reactionstohorriblepicturesanddatafromtheirbrainscans
D.differentpicturesshowntovolunteersandtheirheart-braincommunication
49.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningto“mechanism”inParagraph6?
A.Order.B.System.
C.Machine.D.Treatment.
50.Thisstudymaycontributeto________.
A.treatinganxietyandstressbetter
B.explainingthecycleoffearandanxiety
C.findingthekeytotheheart-braincommunication
D.understandingdifferentfearsinourheartsandheads
【要点综述】本文是一篇说明文。
文章说明了人的恐惧与心脏和大脑的关系。
47.A 细节理解题。
根据第四段“Thestudyshowedthatfearfulfacesarebetternoticedwhentheheartispumpingthanwhenitisrelaxed.Thusourheartscanalsoaffectwhatweseeandwhatwedon'tsee—andguidewhetherweseefear.”可知一个人的心脏影响一个人的恐惧程度。
故选A。
48.C 细节理解题。
根据第四段“Thestudytested20healthyvolunteersontheirreactionstofearastheywereshownpicturesoffearfulfaces.”以及第五段“Tofurtherunderstandthisrelationship,thescientistsalsousedabrainscanner(扫描仪)toshowhowthebraininfluencesthewaytheheartchangesaperson'sfeelingoffear.”可知选C。
49.B 词义猜测题。
根据第六段“Wehavefoundanimportantmechanismbywhichtheheartandbrain‘speak’toeachothertochangeourfeelingsandreducefear”可知,我们已经发现了一个重要的机制,使心脏和大脑“对话”,以此来改变我们的感情和减少恐惧。
故选B。
50.A 推理判断题。
根据最后一段“…wemaybeabletodevelopmoresuccessfultreatmentsforanxietydisorders,andalsoforthosewhomaybesufferingfromseriousstressdisorder.”可推出选A。
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
You’reinadepartmentstoreandyouseeacoupleofattractiveyoungwomenlookingatasweater.Youlistentotheirconversation:
“Ican’tbelieveit—aLorenzoBertolla!
Theyarealmostimpossibletofind.Isn’titbeautiful?
Andit’salotcheaperthantheoneSarabo
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