训练中乳酸的界定.docx
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训练中乳酸的界定.docx
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训练中乳酸的界定
HowToDetermineLactate/AnaerobicThreshold
Thereareseveralmethodsusedtodetermineanathleteslactateoranaerobicthreshold.Whilethemostaccurateandreliableisthroughthedirecttestingofbloodsamplesduringagradedexercisetest,thisisofteninaccessibletomostperformers.
Thereareseveralfieldteststhatcanalsobeusedtoestimatelactatethreshold.Theyvaryintheirreliabilitybutsomeofferanacceptablealternativeformostamateurathletes.
Severaltermssuchasonsetofbloodlactateaccumulationandmaximallactatesteadystateareusedinterchangeablywithanaerobicthreshold.Technically,theydonotdescribepreciselythesamething.Infact,althoughlactatethresholdandanaerobicthresholdoccurtogetherundermostconditions,strictlyspeakingeventhesetwotermsarenotthesame
(1).Forthisarticlehowever,lactatethresholdandanaerobicthresholdwillbeusedinterchangeably.Seethelactatethresholdarticleformoredetailsonthistopic.
Itisalsoworthbearinginmindthatbloodlactateandlacticacidarenotthesamesubstance.Bloodlactateproductionisactuallythoughttobebeneficialtoenduranceperformanceandmaydelayfatigue.Nevertheless,itsaccumulationstillremainsagoodmarkerfortheonsetoffatigue.Seethelacticacidarticleformoreinformation.
LaboratoryTestingofAnaerobicThreshold
Themostaccuratewaytodeterminelactatethresholdisviaagradedexercisetestinalaboratorysetting
(2).Duringthetestthevelocityorresistanceonatreadmill,cycleergometerorrowingergometerisincreasedatregularintervals(i.e.every1min,3minor4min)andbloodsamplesaretakenateachincrement.VeryoftenVO2max,maximumheartrateandotherphysiologicalkineticsaremeasuredduringthesametest(3).
Bloodlactateisthenplottedagainsteachworkloadintervaltogivealactateperformancecurve.Heartrateisalsousuallyrecordedateachintervaloftenwithamoreaccurateelectrocardiogramasopposedtoastandardheartratemonitor.
Oncethelactatecurvehasbeenplotted,theanaerobicthresholdcanbedetermined.Asuddenorsharpriseinthecurveabovebaselevelissaidtoindicatetheanaerobicthreshold.However,fromapracticalperspectivethissuddenriseorinflectionisoftendifficulttopinpoint.
Assumingtheinflectionisclear(asinthegraphabove),therelativespeedorworkloadatwhichitoccurscanbedetermined.Inthisexample,theathletesanaerobicthresholdoccursatabout12km/h.Thismeans,intheorytheycanmaintainapaceatorjustbelow2km/hforaprolongedperiod,indefinitely.Ofcourse,thisispurelyhypotheticalastherearemanyotherfactorsinvolvedinfatiguenotleasttheamountofcarbohydratestoresanathletehasinreserve
(1).Acrossovertofatmetabolismwillsignificantlyreducetheathletesracepace
(2).
Byrecordingheartratedataalongsideworkloadandbloodlactatelevels,anathletecanuseaheartratemonitortoplanandcompletetrainingsessions.Althoughmonitoringheartrateisnevercompletelyreliableandvariesgreatlybetweenandwithinindividuals(1,2,3)combiningitwithlactatemeasurementsisprobablymorereliablethanusingtheConconitest(seebelow)forexample.
ConfirmatoryTest
Whenanaerobicthresholdisreadfromthelactatecurve,anadditionaltestcanbeusedtoverifyitsaccuracy.Usingtheexampleabove,theathletesthresholdisthoughttooccuratabout12km/honthetreadmill.Theconfirmatorytestinvolvesrunningfor15minutesatapacejustbelowthreshold,15minutesatthresholdand15minutesatapacejustabovethreshold.Seethecurvesbelowofthreeathleteswhosethresholdshaveallbeendeterminedtooccuratapproximately12kmh.
NoticethatforAthlete1,bloodlactateremainssteadyattheirestimatedanaerobicthreshold(12km/h)andlactatebeginstoaccumulatewhenthepaceisincreasedto13km/hinthefinal15minutes.Forathlete1,thisisconfirmationthattheiranaerobicthresholdpaceisreasonablyaccurate.
ForAthlete2,lactatebeginstoaccumulateduringthemiddle15minutesegment(theirestimatedthreshold)andcontinuestodosoduringthefinal15minutes.Forthisathlete,anaerobicthresholdoccursataslightlyslowerpacethanwasdeterminedoriginally.
Finally,Athlete3slactatecurvedoesnotrisesignificantlyevenduringthefinal15minutessegment.Anaerobicthresholdforthemoccursataslightlyhigherpacethenwasoriginallydetermined.
Assuming,youdonthaveaccesstofacilitiesthatdirectlymonitoryouroryourathleteslactateresponse,arethereotheracceptablealternatives?
PortableLactateAnalyzer
Portablelactateanalysersarebecomingmorepopularamongstcoachesandathletesatalllevels.Agoodportableanalyzershouldhavethesamevalidityandreliabilityaslaboratorytestingequipment.TheAccutrendLactateAnalyzerf
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