高考英语人教版复习练习选修6 5 Unit5.docx
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高考英语人教版复习练习选修6 5 Unit5.docx
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高考英语人教版复习练习选修65Unit5
阅读提速练
阅读理解
A
(江西赣中南五校联考)Initsearlyhistory,Chicagohadfloodsfrequently,especiallyinthespring,makingthestreetssomuddythatpeople,horsesandcartsgotstuck.Anoldjokethatwaspopularatthetimewentlikethis:
AmanisstuckuptohiswaistinamuddyChicagostreet.Askedifheneedshelp,hereplies,“No,thanks.I’vegotagoodhorseunderme.”
Thecityplannerdecidedtobuildanundergrounddrainage(排水)system,buttheresimplywasn’tenoughdifferencebetweentheheightofthegroundlevelandthewaterlevel.TheonlytwooptionsweretolowertheChicagoRiverorraisethecity.
AnengineernamedEllisChesbroughconvincedthecitythatithadnochoicebuttobuildthepipesabovegroundandthencoverthemwithdirt.Thisraisedthelevelofthecity’sstreetsbyasmuchas12feet.
Thisofcoursecreatedanewproblem:
dirtpracticallyburiedthefirstfloorsofeverybuildinginChicago.Buildingownerswerefacedwithachoice:
eitherchangethefirstfloorsoftheirbuildingsintobasements,andthesecondstoriesintomainfloors,orhoist(吊起)theentirebuildingstomeetthenewstreetlevel.Smallwoodframebuildingscouldbeliftedfairlyeasily.Butwhataboutlarge,heavystructuresliketheTremontHotel,whichwasasixstorybrickbuilding?
That’swhereGeorgePullmancamein.Hehaddevelopedsomehousemovingskillssuccessfully.ToliftabigstructureliketheTremontHotel,Pullmanwouldplacethousandsofjackscrews(螺旋千斤顶)beneaththebuilding’sfoundation.Onemanwasassignedtooperateeachsectionofroughly10jackscrews.AtPullman’ssigneachmanturnedhisjackscrewsbythesameamountatthesametime,therebyraisingthebuildingslowlyandevenly.Astonishingly,theTremontHotelstayedopenduringtheentireoperation,andmanyofitsguestsdidn’tevennoticeanythingwashappening.Somepeopleliketosaythateveryproblemhasasolution.ButinChicago’searlyhistory,everyengineeringsolutionseemedtocreateanewproblem.NowthatChicago’swastewaterwasdrainingefficientlyintotheChicagoRiver,thecity’snextstepwastocleanthepollutedriver.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了芝加哥为了应对洪水泛滥的问题而实行了一些解决方案的故事。
1.TheauthormentionsthejokeinParagraph1toshow________.
A.horseswerefairlyusefulinChicago
B.Chicago’sstreetswereextremelymuddy
C.Chicagowasverydangerousinthespring
D.theChicagopeoplewereparticularlyhumorous
B 解析:
推理判断题。
根据第一段第一句“Initsearlyhistory,Chicagohadfloodsfrequently,especiallyinthespring,makingthestreetssomuddythatpeople,horsesandcartsgotstuck.”可推知,作者提及这个笑话是为了表明芝加哥的街道非常泥泞,故选B。
2.ThecityplannerswereconvincedbyEllisChesbroughto________.
A.getridofthestreetdirt
B.lowertheChicagoRiver
C.fightagainstheavyfloods
D.buildthepipesaboveground
D 解析:
细节理解题。
根据第三段第一句“AnengineernamedEllisChesbroughconvincedthecitythatithadnochoicebuttobuildthepipesabovegroundandthencoverthemwithdirt.”可知,EllisChesbrough让城市规划者相信在地上建管道才能解决洪水泛滥所带来的问题,故选D。
3.WhatcanweconcludeaboutthemovingoperationoftheTremontHotel?
A.Itwentonsmoothlyasintended.
B.Itinterruptedthebusinessofthehotel.
C.ItinvolvedPullmaninturningtenjackscrews.
D.Itseparatedthebuildingfromitsfoundation.
A 解析:
细节理解题。
根据第五段内容可推知,用螺旋千斤顶把theTremontHotel升高的事项进展顺利,故选A。
4.ThepassageismainlyabouttheearlyChicago’s________.
A.popularlifestylesandtheirinfluences
B.environmentaldisastersandtheircauses
C.engineeringproblemsandtheirsolutions
D.successfulbusinessmenandtheirachievements
C 解析:
主旨大意题。
结合全文可知,本文主要讲的是早期芝加哥如何应对洪水泛滥的问题的故事,故选C。
B
(成都高中毕业班摸底测试)Theworldrecordholderforthenumberofuniversitydegreesisa70yearoldItalian.
Mr.LucianoBaiettilivesinthetownofVelletrinearRomeandspendshisdayswalkingaroundhissmallhouseandgarden.Buteverymorningasearlyas3o’clock,hepullsouthistextbooksandstartsstudying.
Henowholds15bachelorsormaster’sdegreesfromuniversitiesacrossItaly,andisalreadyattemptinghis16th.
“Thankstobooks,Ifeelfree,”hetellstheBBCjournalists.“Afterall,thewordssharethesameroot,”hesays,referringtotheItalianwordslibro(book)andlibero(free).Thecertificatesprovinghistalenthangonthewallsofhisstudy,showingpeoplethathewaswritingnewpagesintheGuinnessBookofRecords.In2002hegothiseighthdegreeinmotorskills.Andbeforethathealreadyhaddegreesinsociology,literature,law,politicalscienceandphilosophy,mostfromRome’sfamousLaSapienzaUniversity,oneoftheoldestintheworld.
Sincethen,hehasaddedsevenotherdegreestohislist,includingoneincriminology(犯罪学),oneinmilitarystrategiesandthelatestoneintourisminFebruary2017.Allofthesethreewerefromonlineuniversities.
“EachtimeIsetmyselfanewchallengetoseehowfarmybodyandmybraincango,”saysMr.Baietti.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇新闻报道。
来自意大利的70岁的LucianoBaietti先生是已获得大学学位总数最多的世界纪录保持者。
5.WhatcanweknowaboutMr.Baiettifromthepassage?
A.Hehasawiderangeoflearning.
B.Heistheoldestworldrecordholder.
C.Hehasgotcrazyaboutgettingdegrees.
D.Hegotallhisdegreesbygoingtoschool.
A 解析:
推理判断题。
根据第三至五段可以推断LucianoBaietti先生的学习范围非常广泛。
awiderangeof意思是“广泛的,多种多样的”,所以选项A正确。
6.WhyhasMr.Baiettitriedtogetsomanydegrees?
A.Toshowhistalent.
B.Tochallengehimself.
C.Tobecomepopular.
D.Tobreaktheworldrecord.
B 解析:
细节理解题。
根据最后一段中的“EachtimeIsetmyselfanewchallengetoseehowfarmybodyandmybraincango”可知选项B正确。
7.Wheredoesthispassagemostprobablycomefrom?
A.Anewspaper. B.Abiography.
C.Atravelmagazine.D.Astorybook.
A 解析:
推理判断题。
根据全文尤其是第四段LucianoBaietti先生接受BBC采访的信息可以推断本文应该是一篇新闻报道。
所以选项A正确。
C
(银川检测)Crossingyourlegsisanextremelycommonhabit;mostpeopledon’tevennoticethatthey’redoingitwhentheysitdown.Whileyoumayfinditcomfortabletositwithonekneecrossedovertheother,itmightbecausinghealthproblemsthatyouarenotawareof.
AstudypublishedinBloodPressureMonitoringstatedthatsittingwithyourlegscrossedcanincreaseyourbloodpressure.Thereasonforthisisthatthebloodinyourlegshastoworkagainstgravitytobepumpedbacktoyourheartandthatcrossingonelegovertheotherincreasesresistance,makingitevenharderforthebloodtocirculate.Thiscausesyourbodytoincreaseyourbloodpressuretopushthebloodbacktotheheart.Youwon’tfeelanyimmediateeffects,butrepeated,drawnoutincreasesinbloodpressurecancauselongtermhealthissues.So,planningtositforalongperiodoftime?
Don’tkeepyourlegscrossed.
“Crossingyourlegsatthekneecanalsocausepressureonthemajornerveinyourlegthatpassesjustbelowyourkneeandalongtheoutsideofyourleg,”explainsRichardGraves,amedicalexpert.Thispressurecancausenumbnessandtemporaryparalysis(麻痹)ofsomeofthemusclesinyourfootandleg,preventingyoufrombeingabletoraiseyourankle—whatweknowasthat“pins__and__needles”sensation.Whilethefeelingofdiscomfortmayonlylastaminuteortwo,repeatedlycrossingyourlegsuntiltheyfeelnumbcancausepermanentnervedamage.
Sonexttimeyousitdown,trytogetyourselfinthehabitofsittingwithbothofyourfeetonthefloor.Notonlywillithelpyourpostureandstability,butitwillalsosaveyourhealthinthelongrun.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇科普说明文。
研究表明,虽然跷二郎腿是常见的习惯,但是该习惯会引起血压的升高,还会导致膝盖以下的重要神经受损。
所以不要跷二郎腿,要有正确的坐姿。
8.Whatcanwelearnaboutcrossingone’slegs?
A.Itisaverybadsocialhabit.
B.Itisusuallypracticeddeliberately.
C.Itcandoharmtopeople’shealth.
D.Itcanmakeothersfeeluncomfortable.
C 解析:
细节理解题。
根据第一段的第二句“Whileyoumayfinditcomfortabletositwithonekneecrossedovertheother,itmightbecausinghealthproblemsthatyouarenotawareof.”可知,跷二郎腿会引起健康问题,故C项正确。
9.Accordingtothestudy,sittingwithyourlegscrossedcan________.
A.affectyourbloodpressure
B.resistgravityeffectively
C.leadtoheartattackseasily
D.improvethefunctionoflegs
A 解析:
细节理解题。
根据第二段的第一句“AstudypublishedinBloodPressureMonitoringstatedthatsittingwithyourlegscrossedcanincreaseyourbloodpressure.”可知,研究表明,跷二郎腿会引起血压的升高,故A项正确。
10.Inthethirdparagraph“pinsandneedles”probablymeans“________”.
A.slightlysharppainsB.beingalittletired
C.seriousmuscleinjuriesD.beinghighlyflexible
A 解析:
词义猜测题。
根据第三段的“Thispressurecancausenumbnessandtemporaryparalysis(麻痹)ofsomeofthemusclesinyourfootandleg,preventingyoufrombeingabletoraiseyourankle”可知,这种压力会导致腿部和脚的一些肌肉暂时麻痹,使人无法站立,有一种针刺感;据此可以判断,画线词意为“轻微的针刺感似的疼痛”,故A项正确。
11.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?
A.Tocomparecommonhabits.
B.Togivereaderssomeadvice.
C.Toevaluatetheeffectsofanexperiment.
D.Tointroduceresearchmethods.
B 解析:
写作意图题。
根据全文内容尤其是最后一段可知,本文通过分析跷二郎腿这一习惯导致的健康问题,建议人们不要跷二郎腿,要有正确的坐姿,故B项正确。
D
(黄岗检测)OnChristmasDay,2003,awomannamedNancySueBrowntookherdaughterandgrandchildrentoseeamovieatanAMCtheater.Whenthemoviewasover,thecrowdmadefortheexits.Atheateremployeehadjustfinishedmoppingthehallwayanddutifullyplacedthe“wetfloor”signintheslipperyarea.Nooneslippedduetothewetconditions,butsomeonedidmanagetoknockoverthesign.AndbythetimeMs.Browngottothearea,thesignwaslyingonthefloor.Andshortlythereafter,sowasshe.Herfootgotcaughtinthesign,inabadway,andshefell.UnfortunatelyMs.Brownhadundergoneabackoperation,andthefallcausedmoredamagethanitotherwisewouldhave.Sosheandherhusbandsued(提起诉讼).
AMCarguedthattheentirepointofthe“wetfloor”signabovewastowarnofdanger,andtherefore,courtsshouldencouragetheusebynotallowingBrown’scasetoproceed(继续进行).AMCreferredtoacaseaboutaDecember,1998incident,wherea“wetfloor”sign,notinuse,felltothefloo
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