广东省佛山市南海区届高三摸底测试英语试题.docx
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广东省佛山市南海区届高三摸底测试英语试题.docx
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广东省佛山市南海区届高三摸底测试英语试题
广东省佛山市南海区2021届高三摸底测试英语试题
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一、阅读选择
WhenItellpeopleIattendedanall-girlsschoolsinceage4,I'mmetwithexpressionsofeitherconfusion,shock,curiosityorsomecombinationofthethree.Igetthesameresponses:
Why?
Wasithorrible?
Buthowdidyoumeetboys?
Contrarytowhatmanypeopleimmediatelyassume,judgingfromtheirlooksofsympathy,Ireallyenjoyedgoingtoanall-girlsschool.Goingtoasingle-sexschoolshapedmeinmanyvaluablewaysandallowedmetobuildamazingfriendships.
Whenitcomestosingle-sexeducation,Irejecttheideathatbeinginasingle-sexenvironmentmakesoneunabletointeractwithmembersoftheoppositesexlaterinlife.Contrarytothispopularbelief,everyoneIknewatmyschoolandothersingle-sexschoolsnotonlyknewhowtointeractsmoothlywithmembersoftheoppositesex,buttheywerealsoabletoformactualfriendshipswiththosepeopleoutsideofschooltime.Althoughthemajorityofmyclosefriendsweregirls,Ididn'tgetawayfromtheoutsideworld.Beinginasingle-sexenvironmentalsoencouragedmetomakemorefriendsoutsideofschool.Theseexperiencesgavemeinvaluableskills,manyofwhichIhaveusedinmyfirstfewweekshereatStanfordinmakingfriendsandbuildingrelationships.
Anothercommonbeliefaboutall-girlsschoolsinparticularisthepresenceofunfriendlybehaviorbetweenstudents.Thereareunavoidablyconflictsinallschoolsatsomepoints,butInevernoticedaconnectionbetweensingle-sexschoolsandmuchdisagreement.Iwouldsaythatconflictsdon'tdependonwhetheryou'reatasingle-sexornot,butratheronthepersonalitiesofthepeopleyousurroundyourselfwith.
IwillbeforevergratefulfortheexperiencesIhadandtherelationshipsIformedinmyall-girlsschoolenvironment,butI'mequallysohappytobewhereIamnow,experiencingnewthingseverydayandgrowingmoreandmoreintheprocess.
1.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraphl?
A.Leadintothetopic.
B.Askreaderssomequestions.
C.Summarizepeople'sresponses.
D.Providebackgroundinformation.
2.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thispopularbelief”inparagraph3referto?
A.Studentsinsingle-sexschoolscan’tmakenewfriends.
B.Studentsinsingle-sexschoolscan'tgetalongwellwithothers.
C.Studentsinsingle-sexschoolscan'thavetherightconceptofsex.
D.Studentsinsingle-sexschoolscan'tcommunicatewiththeoppositesex.
3.Accordingtotheauthor,whatcausesconflictsinschools?
A.Single-sexenvironment.B.Disagreement.
C.People'scharacter.D.Mixed-sexenvironment.
4.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofall-girlsschools?
A.Theyhavebeautifulenvironment.
B.Theyhavemorefriendlystudents.
C.Theyarebetterthanordinaryschools.
D.Theyofferstudentsvaluableexperiences.
Californiaresearchershavefoundthatoxygenlevelsandwatertemperaturesplayakeyroleinthehealthofdeep-seafishpopulations.
ScientistsstudiedfishontheflooroftheGulf(海湾)ofCalifornia."Thisisanexampleofsomeofthevideothatweareanalyzingforthisresearch,"saidNatalyaGallo,apost-doctoralresearcherattheScrippsInstitutionofOceanography.ShepointedtoavideotakenalongtheseafloorontheGulfofCalifornianeartheMexicancoast.Thefilmcamefromaremotelycontrolledsubmarine.
Researchersusetheunderwatertooltocalculatetheinfluenceofawarmingoceanonfish.“Thereallybigquestionthatwe'retryingtoanswerishowsensitivedeep-seacommunities(群落),andingeneraloceancommunitiesaregoingtobetothesechanges,”Gallosaid.
Galloandtheotherresearchersontheteamstudiedthenortherngulf,whichisclosertonormaloceanconditionsandthesoutherngulf,whichhasoneoftheplanet'smostextremelowoxygenoceanzones.
Thefindingswillhelpscientistsunderstandchangesinotherplaces.Astheoceangetshotter,thewarmerwaterisnotcapableofholdingthesameamountofoxygen."Weknowthatoxygenisdecliningintheoceanglobally,"saidLisaLevin,aScrippsInstitutionofOceanography,biologicaloceanographer."Andthatthereallylowoxygenzones,oxygenminimumzonesareexpandingastheoceanwarms."
Scientistsalreadyexpectcertainoutcomesfromclimate-relatedchanges."Thebodysizeofanimalswillgetlowerastheoceanwarmsandtheoxygendeclinesandoverall,theoceanswillbecomelessproductive,"Levinsaid.TheresearchfindingsarepublishedinthecurrenteditionoftheJournalMarineEcologyProgressSeries.
5.WhatisthepurposeofGallo'sresearch?
A.Tomeasurethetemperatureofseawater.
B.Toshowthebodyconditionofdeep-seafish.
C.Tocalculatetheamountofoxygeninthesea.
D.Toevaluatetheeffectofoceanwarmingonfish.
6.Whydoresearchersstudythesoutherngulf?
A.Ithasnormaloceanconditions.B.Ithasspecialoceanzones.
C.Ithasarelativelymildclimate.D.Ithasvariouskindsoffish.
7.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?
A.Themethodsofprotectingthesea.
B.Theinfluenceofthewarmeroceans.
C.Thestepsofinvestigatingtheocean.
D.Thecausesofthewarmingofseawater.
Ifyou'relikemanypeople,youmayhavedecidedthatyouwanttospendlesstimestaringatyourphone.It'sagoodidea:
anincreasingbodyofevidencesuggeststhatthetimewespendonoursmartphonesisaffectingoursleep,self-respect,relationships,memory,attention,creativity,productivityandproblemsolvinganddecision-makingskills.
Untilnow,mostdiscussionsofphones'biochemicaleffectshavefocusedondopamine(多巴胺),abrainchemicalthathelpsusformhabits.Smart-phonesandappsaredesignedtocausedopamine'srelease,withthegoalofmakingourphonesdifficulttoputdown.
Butourphones'effectsoncortisol(皮质醇)arepotentiallyevenmorealarming.Cortisolisourprimaryfight-or-flighthormone.Itsrelease(释放)causesourbodies'changes,suchasajumpinbloodpressure,heartrateandbloodsugar,thathelpusreacttoandsurviveacutephysicalthreats.Butbyraisinglevelsofcortisol,ourphonesmaybethreateningourhealthandshorteningourlives.
TheaverageAmericanspendsfourhoursadaystaringattheirsmart-phoneandkeepsitwithinarm'sreachnearlyallthetime,accordingtoatrackingappcalledMoment.Theresult,asGooglehasnotedinareport,isthat"mobilephonesloadedwithsocialmedia,emailandnewsapps"create"aconstantsenseofcommitmentbringingunintendedpersonalstress."
"Yourcortisollevelsareincreasedwhenyourphoneisinsightornearby,orwhenyouhearitoreventhinkyouhearit,"saysDavidGreenfield,professorattheUniversityofConnecticutSchool."It'sastressresponse,anditfeelsunpleasant,andthebody'snaturalresponseistowanttocheckthephonetomakethestressgoaway."
Butwhiledoingsomightcomfortyouforasecond,itprobablywillmakethingsworseinthelongrun.Anytimeyoucheckyourphone,you'relikelytofindsomethingelsestressfulwaitingforyou,leadingtoanotherincreaseincortisolandanotherdesiretocheckyourphonetoyouranxietygoaway.Thiscycle,whencontinuouslystrengthened,leadstoincreasedcortisollevels,whichhavebeentiedtoanincreasedriskofserioushealthproblems,includingdepression,obesity,highbloodpressure,heartattackandsoon.
8.Whatphone-relatedeffectisdopamineresponsiblefor?
A.Memoryloss.B.Increasedmentalstress.
C.Abehavioraladdiction.D.Poorsleepquality.
9.Whatcanweinferaboutcortisolaccordingtothetext?
A.Itsdecreasewillimproveheartrate.
B.Itsreleasewilllowerbloodpressure.
C.Itsreleasehasnobenefitsforhumans.
D.Itsincreaseisrelatedtopersonalstress.
10.Whatmaybefurthertalkedaboutafterthelastparagraph?
A.Waystomakephoneslessstressful.
B.Benefitsofreducingdopaminelevels.
C.Reasonswhycortisollevelsareincreased.
D.Badresultsofcheckingphonesfrequently.
11.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?
A.Entertainment.B.Health.C.Technology.D.Education.
Imaginethis:
youwalkintoworkandthecameraabovethedoorsscansyourface,openingthemautomaticallywithoutyouliftingafinger.Oh,butyouneedtoruntothechemist'satlunch.Youwalkuptoacamera,andyourprescription(药方)isdepositedinfrontofyou.Afterwork,youlookatyourfaceinthemirror,anditremindsyoutowearsun-creamthenextday.Soundsprettygood,right?
Nowimaginethis:
whenyouarewalkingdownthestreet,apairofpolicemenpulltheirgunsandtellyoutodroptotheground.Afterseveraldaysinjail,theyletyouknowyouweremisidentifiedasaviolentcriminalontheloose.Regardlessofyourinnocence,you'reinthesystem.Nowwhereveryougo,camerasthatcaptureyouwillalertpolicetowatchoutforyou.Evenworse,asyouenterstores,thefacialrecognitionsystemletsthestaffknowarecentlyarrestedindividualhasenteredthebuilding.Doesn'tsoundsogood?
Asfantasticalaseitherofthosepicturesmightseem,it'squitepossiblethatthiswillbethefuturewe'reheadedtowards.The"benefits"ofthetechnologyarealreadybeingimplementedbyairlines,asseenbyJetBlueAirways.Ratherthanscanningaboardingpassorhandingoverapassport,yousimplystareintoacameraandyou'reidentified.Thisdoessavetimeandmakeprocessesthebestpossible,butitraisesthequestion:
doyouhavetherighttoyourownface?
Whoisresponsiblefortheprotectionofthisinformation?
CanIevenremovemyfacefromthisdatabaseandjustgotheold-fashionedway?
Wehumanshavethenever-endingneedtomakethingssmoother,betterandfaster.Thisdesirehashelpeddrivetheremarkableprogresswehaveachievedasasociety.However,it'stimetotakeastepback
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