山东省淄博市届高三高考适应性练习一英语试题 Word版含答案.docx
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山东省淄博市届高三高考适应性练习一英语试题 Word版含答案.docx
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山东省淄博市届高三高考适应性练习一英语试题Word版含答案
2020年高考适应性练习
(一)
英语
注意事项:
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第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
LongIsland’shikingroutesofferanescapeforfamilytimeoryourownmentalorphysicalhealth. There’slotstosee,soopenyoursensesbecauseit’sarelaxingthingtodoinastressfultime.
SagamoreHill,OysterBay
WalkalongthesamepaththatPresidentTheodoreRooseveltwalkedwithhisfamilyandguests.SagamoreHill,nowanationalpark,wasoncethesummerhomeofthe26thpresident.Theexpansivepropertyhasanaturepaththroughthickwoodlandswherehikerscanwalkoveralittlebridgeoverastream.It’sashort,three-quarter-milepaththroughoakandtuliptrees.
INFO:
Opensunrisetosunsetdailyyear-round;free;516-922-4788.
BlydenburghCountyPark,Hauppauge
Theeastsideoftheparkisflat,makingthewalkverykid-friendly.Thewestsideisabitmorehilly,butbothhavesplendidwaterviewsofthepond.Ontheeastsideisalsotherowboatareaandbenches,aswellaspicnictables.
Whenyou’reatBlydenburghCountyPark,gointhenorthentranceoffRoute347,wherethemainofficeoftheGreenbeltTrailConferenceissituated.Theoffice,alsothestartoftheroutes,providesinformationandmaps.
INFO:
Dawntodusk;631-854-3712.Nofeecollectedfromthemaingateinthefallandwinter.
TackapaushaPreserve,Seaford
Thepreservehasself-guidedroutesforthepublicandisafunwalkforkidswithastopatthemuseumtocompletethevisit.Guidedwalksatthemuseumareavailablewithadvancereservationsfororganizationsandschoolgroups.Thepathsareflat,well-maintainedandclearlymarked,withapondwithbridgesandawaterfallalongtheway.It’sagreatplacetobringyourfamilytobirdwatch,enjoyanimalsandconnectwithnature.
INFO:
Freeandopensunrisetosunset;516-571-7443.
1.WhatisSagamoreHillprobablyfamousfor?
A.Anaturepath.B.Alittlebridge.
C.Thethickwoodlands.D.Apresident’ssummerhome.
2.WhatdoBlydenburghCountyParkandTackapaushaPreservehaveincommon?
A.Theyarefree.B.Theyhavewaterviews.
C.Theyhavepicnicservice.D.Theyfavortheelderly.
3.WhatshouldagroupofstudentsdoforabettervisittothemuseuminTackapaushaPreserve?
A.Bookguidedwalks.B.Takeanewroute.
C.Makeadditionalpayment.D.Consultmuseumguides.
B
Asharkthatwalksinwaterinsteadofswimmingmightsoundlikeacreaturestraightoutofsciencefiction.However,thatispreciselyhowthefish—foundinthewatersoffNorthernAustralia—movesacrosstheseafloor.TheuniqueoceananimalswerediscoveredbyateamofscientistsledbyDr.ChristineDudgeonfromAustralia’sUniversityofQueenslandduringa12-yearglobal conservation study.
Thenewly-foundsharkshaveevolved(进化)tosurviveinlowoxygenenvironments,enablingthemtohuntduringlowtides.Theresearchersbelievetheirabilitytousetheirfins(鳍)towalkaffordsthesharksa remarkable edgeoverthe smalleranimalstheytrytohunt.“Whiletheyaresuperhuntersintheirshallowhabitat,thetinysharkspresentnothreattopeople,”saysDudgeon.“Atlessthanameterlongonaverage,they’reincrediblycutelittleanimalsthatdonotlooklikesharksatall,”sheadds.
ADNAanalysisofskinsamplesfromthelivefishsuggeststhatwalkingsharksbrokeawayfromtheiroriginalpopulationandbecamea distinct speciesaboutninemillionyearsago.Thoughthatmayappeartobealongtimeago,itisrelativelyrecentgiventhatsharkshavebeenaroundformorethan400millionyears.Infact,DudgeonandherteambelievewalkingsharksaretheyoungestkindofsharksonEarth!
The researcherssaythatthesharks’smallnumbersandshallowhabitatmakethemextremely vulnerable(易受伤害)tonaturaldisastersandoverfishing.TheyarecurrentlyontheNatureRedList,whichlistsspeciesatrisk.Dudgeonandherteambelievesensibleconservationmanagementplansareurgentlyneededtoprotectthewalkingsharksandotherendangeredanimalsfromfurtherthreats.
4.Whatisthemostnoticeablefeatureofthenewly-foundsharks?
A.Theyarecuteandharmlesstohumans.
B.Theycansurviveintheirshallowhabitat.
C.Theywalkontheirfinsacrosstheseafloor.
D.TheyaretheyoungestkindofsharksonEarth.
5.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?
A.Theevolutionofthesharks.
B.Thebehaviorofthesharks.
C.Thepopulationofthesharks.
D.TheDNAsamplesofthesharks.
6.WhatshouldbedonewithoutdelayaccordingtoDudgeonandherteam?
A.Adjustingthemethodsoffishing.
B.PuttingthesharksontheNatureRedList.
C.Changingthesharks’livingenvironments.
D.Adoptingnecessarymeasurestoprotectthesharks.
7.Inwhichcolumnofawebsitecanwereadthetext?
A.Environment.B.Nature.C.Education.D.Geography.
C
TheTokyoSummerOlympicsisgoinggreen.The5,000medalsJapanhasmadearemorespecialthanmost.
OnenovelfocusoftheTokyoOlympicsistobe“sustainable”—toavoidusingtoomanynaturalresources,sothatthegamesareeasyontheenvironment.Aspartofthisgoal,theorganizersdecidedtomakealloftheOlympicmedalsoutofmetalrecycledfromoldelectronics.
Almostallelectronicsaremadewithsmallamountsof“preciousmetals”,likegoldandsilver.Butcollectingenoughofthesemetalstomake5,000medalswasahugechallenge.That’sbecausetheamountofmetalineachdeviceistiny.Itwouldtakeabout20,000cellphonestogetjust1kilogramofgold.
BeginninginApril2017,theorganizersplacedcollectionboxesaroundthecountry,andaskedpeopletoturnintheiroldelectronicdevices.Soonpeoplebegantorespondtotheinitiative,turninginsmartphones,digitalcameras,handheldgames,andlaptops.Atfirst,collectionwentslowly,butsoonmoreandmoreareasbegantotakepart.Bytheend,1,621localgovernmentshadhelpedoutwiththecollectionprocess.
Thencamethejobofbreakingthosedevicesdownintosmallerpieces.Afterbeingtakenapartandsorted,thesmallelectronicsweresmelted(熔炼)togetallthegold,silver,andbronzeelements.Thisisatrickyjob,whichcallsforcarefulattentionandgoodskill.It’salsodangerous,becausesomeofthemetalsandotherthingsaren’tsafeforpeopletotouchorbreathe.
BytheendofMarch,2019,theorganizershadhittheirtargetsofgettingenoughmetalforthemedals.Theyhadcollectedaround32kilogramsofgold,4,100kilogramsofsilverand2,200kilogramsofbronze.Andnowallthe5,000medalsareavailableforthewould-bewinners.
8.WhatcanweknowabouttheTokyoOlympicsmedals?
A.Theyarehugelyvaluable.B.Theyareofhighquality.
C.Theyaredesigneduniquely.D.Theyaremadefrome-waste.
9.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytellus?
A.Thedifficultyofmakingthemedals.
B.Theprocessofcollectingoldelectronics.
C.The initiative to recycle used smartphones.
D.Theclassificationofthecollecteddevices.
10.Theunderlinedword“tricky”inParagraph5means“_______”.
A.creativeB.well-paidC.demandingD.time-consuming
11.What’sthepurposeofTokyo’swayofmakingthemedals?
A.Toadvocatesustainable use of resources.
B.TopromotethespiritofOlympicGames.
C.Tointroduceanewtechniquetomakemedals.
D.Tocallpeople’sattentiontoenvironmentaldamage.
D
Overthelast25years, psychologistshavefoundthatpersonalitiescenteronfivebasictraits(特性)—theBigFive:
agreeableness,conscientiousness(责任心),neuroticism,extroversionandopenness.Contrarytocommonbelief,peoplejustaren’torganizedintocertainpersonalitytypes.Everytraitisacontinuousdimensionandeveryonecanbedescribedashavingvaryinglevelsofeachtrait.AnewresearchhasalsofoundanimalsfromantstoapesallhavetheBigFiveandthattheuniversalityofpersonalitypointstoanevolutionary(进化)origin.
Animalsandhumanshavecommonproblemsofsurvival,whicharespelledoutbeautifullyintheBigFive,andthat’swhythere’ssomuchcontinuityinhumanpersonalityandanimalpersonality.Forexample,conscientiousnessinvolvesbehaviorslikeplanningandconsideration,whichareimportantamonganimalsfortakingcareoftheiryoung,selectingmatesandlivingingroups.Beingneatandorderly—aspectsofconscientiousness—alsohasevolutionarysuperiority.Beesthatliketokeepcleanandremovemoredeadgroupmembersreduceriskofdisease,gainmoreweightandreproducemore.Spidersthatmaketidywebscatchmoreinsects.Birdsthatbuildneaterandsolidernestsattractmoremates.
Thesebehaviorsmayseemprimitive,butthey’reneverthelessindicationsofpersonality.Personalityistheexpressionofallofthebehaviorsthathumansandanimalsexhibitthatallowthemtofunctionadaptivelyintheworld.
Evolutioncanalsoexplainwhypersonalitiesvarysomuch.Dependingonthesituation,eachoftheBigFivecanbeadvantageous.Forexample,agreeablenessisgreatforrelationships.Butifalionwerechargingatyou,you’dbebetteroffwithalessagreeableandmoreaggressivepersonality.Becausetheworldissounpredictable,everyaspectofeachpersonalitytraitcouldbeusefulatdifferenttimes,soinsteadofevolvingasingletypeofpersonalitythat’sbestforeverysituation,we’releftwithawidevariety.
12.Whatdopeoplegenerallythinkaboutpersonalitytypes?
A.Differentpersonalitytypeshaverespectivestrengths.
B.Everyonefallsintoaparticularpersonalitytype.
C.Peoplewithcommonpersonalitytypesgather.
D.Everyonehasmixedpersonalitytypes.
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