中考英语专题14并列句和复合句.docx
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中考英语专题14并列句和复合句.docx
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中考英语专题14并列句和复合句
中考专题(14)并列句和复合句
【中考解读】
【考点分布】1.并列句
2.复合句
【考点内容】掌握连接并列句的连词,理解句子之间的逻辑关系。
识别宾语从句、状语从
句和定语从句并能够熟练使用。
【命题趋势】1.考查并列句连词的选择
2.考查宾语从句的引导词和语序
3.考查状语从句及定语从句的先行词及引导词的选择与运用
【考情分析】
复合句包含的宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句,以及并列句都是初中英语学的重要语法项目,也是考试的重要考点之一。
近年来云南省以及各地市的考题考查的侧重点通常是根据主句与从句之间的意义上的联系来确定主句与从句的关系,从容易混淆的近似连词中选出恰当的引导词,以及从句的正常语序和时态等。
第一讲并列句
【并列句定义】:
由并列连词将两个或两个以上平等关系的简单句连接在一起构成的句子
叫并列句。
【并列句结构】:
简单句+并列连词+简单句。
【并列句类别】
1.联合关系
常用的连词有and(同,和),
notonly…but(also)…(不仅……而且……)
neither…nor…(既不……也不……)等
HehelpsmeandIhelphim.
Henotonlygaveusalotofadvice,butalsohelpedustostudyEnglish.
2.选择关系
常用的连词有or(或者,否则),either…or(不是……就是)。
Hurryup,oryou’llbelate.
Willhestillbethereorwillhehavegoneaway?
EitherTomiscomingorhissistersare.
3.转折关系
常用的连词有but(但是,可是),while(而、却),yet(可是)等。
I’mverybusytodaybutIwillbefreetomorrow.
Iliketeawhileshelikescoffee.
Shesaidshewouldbelate,yetshearrivedontime.
4.因果关系
常用的连词有for(因为)和so(所以,因此)等。
Iamthirsty,foritishot.
MotherwasillsoIlookedafterherinthehospital.
【训练巩固】
()1.Workhard,_____youwillpasstheduringtest.
A.orB.butC.becauseD.and
()2.Stopcuttingtrees,_____theearthwillbecomeworseandworse.
A.andB.thenCbutD.or
()3.TheyboughtGrannyapresent____shelikeditverymuch.
A.andB.soC.but
()4.—Hello,Mr.Huang!
—I'msorry,____Idon'tthinkIknowyou.
A.andB.orC.butD.because
()5.Thelittleboyisveryyoung_____hecanlookafterhimselfwell.
A.SoB.butC.ifD.or
()6.Billputhishandsbehindhisback,____nobodycouldseehishands.
A.soB.andC.orD.but
()7.NeitheryounorI_____fromCanada.WearefromAustralia.
A.isB.areC.amD.be
()8.—Wegetknowledge____frombooks_____fromlife.
—Yes,bothareimportant.
A.either;orB.notonly;butalsoCneither;norD.not;but
【中考真题训练】
【湖北随州2】—Whatdoyouthinkofthissoapopera?
—Ithinkit’sveryboring,mymothercan’twaittowatchiteveryday.
A.andB.butC.orD.so
【四川凉山2】—Writedownyouruncle’se-mailaddress,you’llforgetit.
—Allright,Mum.
A.andB.orC.butD.so
第二讲复合句
一、宾语从句(云南省近四年考查24次)
1.宾语从句的连接词
宾语从句
构成规则
例句
连接词
1. that在从句中作宾语时可以省略;作主语时不能省略
2. what, when,where, how, whatever, whenever, wherever, who,whom, whose等特殊疑问词作连接词
3. 引导一般疑问句用whether或if,表示“是否”
He tells me (that) he is going shopping this Sunday.
他告诉我这个星期天他要去购物。
Could you tell me if/whether it snows in winter in Australia?
你能告诉我澳大利亚冬天是否下雪吗?
2.宾语从句的语序
宾语从句
构成规则
例句
语序
从句一律用陈述语序,即主语+谓语
Do you know where Tom lives?
你知道汤姆住哪儿吗?
3.宾语从句的时态
宾语从句
构成规则
例句
时态
1. 主句是一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句, 从句根据实际需要选用各种时态。
2. 主句是过去时,从句使用过去相应的某种时态。
3. 从句表示的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等时,不管主句使用什么时态,从句都用一般现在时。
I hear Joe left for Beijing yesterday.
我听说乔昨天去北京了。
Kate said she was watching TV this time
yesterday
.凯特说昨天这个时间她在看电视。
Miss Hu said that the earth goes around
the sun.
胡老师说地球绕着太阳转。
【注意】:
在介词之后,动词不定式或or之前,只用whether,不用if。
如:
Ican’tdecidewhethertobuythisbikeornot.我不能决定是否买这辆自行车。
【练习巩固】
1.—Couldyoupleasetellme_____?
—Sure,onthesecondfloor.
A.whereIcangetamagazineB.howcanIgettothepostoffice
C.whatyouarelookingforD.whenwillwegotothemuseum
2.—Studentsshouldlearn_____problems.—That’strue.Iagreewithyou.
A.howsolveB.solvingwhereC.whatsolvedD.howtosolve
3.Iamnotsure_____itisrightorwrong,butIdecidetojoininthebandwithoutmy
parents’permission.
A.ifB.whetherC.howD.what
一、宾语从句的注意事项
1.时态一致
(1)如果主句是现在时态(包括一般现在时,现在进行时和现在完成时),宾语从句可以是
实际需要的任何时态。
Idon’tknowwhetherhehascomeornot.(现在完成时)
Doyouknowwhenwe’llhavethemeeting?
(一般将来时)
Idon’tknowwhattheyaretalkingabout.(现在进行时)
(2)如果主句是过去的时态(包括一般过去时,过去进行时),宾语从句必须选用过去的某
一时态(即一般过去时,过去将来时,过去进行时或过去完成时等)。
HesaidhewouldbuyheranMP4.(过去将来时)
ShetoldmeLucyhadgothome.(过去完成时)
Marywaswonderingwhocouldanswerthequestion.(一般过去时)
Ididn’ttellhimwherewewerehavingthemeeting.(过去进行时)
(3)如果宾语从句表示的是科学真理、客观事实或格言警句等,则不管这句是何种时态,
从句一律用一般现在时。
IknewtheearthmovesaroundthesunwhenIwasthreeyearsold.
2.从句语序
在宾语从句中,不管用什么引导词,后面均要用陈述句的语序。
(1)当宾语从句原为陈述句时,用that引导,语序不变。
(注意时态的一致)
Tomisacleverboy.Theteachertoldus…
→TheteachertoldusTomwasacleverboy.
Hehasgivenupsmoking.Shesaid…
→Shesaidhehadgivenupsmoking.
(2)当宾语从句原为一般疑问句时,用whether或if连接,语序变为陈述句语序。
IsJimadoctor?
Iwonder…
→IwonderwhetherJimisadoctor.
Doesshedancewell?
Canyoutellme…
→Canyoutellmeifshedanceswell?
(3)当宾语从句原为特殊疑问句时,特殊疑问词即为连接词,语序变为陈述句语序。
Sheaskedmewhereyouweregoing.
Shewonderedwhathewantedtodo.
二、宾语从句的简化
1.当主句的谓语动词是hope,decide,wish,promise,choose,agree等引导的宾语从句,且主
从句主语相同时,可简化成不定式结构。
IwishthatIknewtheanswer.→
Iwishtoknowtheanswer.
2.当主句的谓语动词是know,learn,wonder,remember,forget,tell等引导的宾语从句时,
可简化成“疑问句+不定式”结构,主从句主语要一致。
Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddo.→
Idon’tknowwhattodo.
3.当主句的谓语动词是tell,ask,show,teach等,后带双宾语,从句主语和间接宾语一
致时,宾语从句可转换成“疑问词+不定式”结构.
CouldyoutellmehowIcangettoBeixinMiddleSchool?
→
CouldyoutellmehowtogettoBeixinMiddleSchool?
4.有些含有宾语从句的复合句,从句可简化为现在分词或名词词组。
Ifoundthattherewasamobilephonelyingontheground.→
Ifoundamobilephonelyingontheground.
ItakebackwhatIsaid.→
Itakebackmywords.
【中考预测训练】
()1.—Doyouknow________atthistimeyesterday?
—Sorry,Idon'tknow.
A.whatsheisdoingB.whatwasshedoing
C.whatshewasdoingD.whatisshedoing
()2.—Canyoutellme________?
—IlostmyMP3player.
A.what'sthematterwithyouB.whatthematteriswithyou
C.whatthematteryouisD.whatthematterwithyouare
()3.—Iwonder________.—I'mafraidwe'llbelate.
A.howwecanbeontimeB.whatwearegoingtodo
C.whywegettoschoollateD.ifwewillarriveatthemeetingontime
()4.—Wouldyoupleasetellme_______?
—BusNo.22willtakeyouthere.
A.whowillwegowithtoMeilanfangTheater
B.whatcanweseeinQinghuWetlandPark
C.whenwewillleavefortheWaterForest
D.howwecangettotheOldStreet
()5.—Excuseme,couldyoutellme______?
—Yes,IboughttheminXinhuaBookshop.
A.whereyouboughtthebooksB.wheredidyoubuythebooks
C.howyouboughtthebooksD.howdidyoubuythebooks
()6.Thenew-designedcarisonshownow.Iwonder_______.
A.howmuchitcostB.howmuchitcosts
C.howmuchdiditcostD.howmuchdoesitcost
()7.—Whatdidyousaytoyourgrandmotheronthephonejustnow?
—Iaskedher_______.
A.whatdoesshecookforlunchB.whatshecooksforlunch
C.whatdidshecookforlunchD.whatshecookedforlunch
()8.Father’sDayiscoming.I’mthinkingabout_______.
A.whatpresentIgavehimB.wherewehadabigmeal
C.howIwillgivehimasurpriseD.ifIplannedapartyforhim
()9.Youshouldlearnhowtocommunicatewiththeforeignersatfirst____youwantto
spendyourholidayinEurope.
A.ifB.unlessC.becauseD.although
【中考真题追踪训练】
【内江】Idon'tknowifhe___totheEnglishcorner,butI'llaskhimaboutthatwhen
he____totheclass.
A.goes;willcomeB.willgo;willcome
C.goes;comesD.willgo;comes
【重庆】—Didtheradiosay________?
—Yes,fromHunan.
A.howthebadricecameB.wherethebadricecamefrom
C.howdidthebadricecomeD.wheredidthebadricecomefrom
【山东威海3】Youdidn’tknowIwantedtoseeyou.It’sayearsinceIlast
sawyou.
A.howoftenB.howlongC.howmuchD.howfar
【重庆2】—Couldyoupleasetellme?
—Twomonthsago.
A.whendidyoutakethisphotoB.whenyoutookthisphoto
C.wheredidyoutakethisphotoD.whereyoutookthisphoto
【黄冈2】—So,canyoutellme______heretoday?
—Well,IwaswalkingdownCentreStreetwhenaUFOlanded.
A.whatdidyouseeB.whatyousaw
C.whendidyouseeitD.whenyousaw
【连云港1】—Jack,couldyoutellmefortravellingthissummer?
—Weplan
togoandseethebeautifulseainHainan.
A.whereyourfamilywillgoB.howwillyourfamilygo
C.howyourfamilywillgoD.wherewillyourfamilygo
【年临沂1】—Dad,canyoutellme______totheamusementpark?
—Thedayaftertomorrow.
A.whenwearegoingB.whenwewent
C.whenarewegoingD.whendidwego
【长沙2】—Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellme______?
—Sure.It’sabouttenminutes’walk.
A.howlongittakestogotothezoo
B.howfaritisfromheretothezoo
C.howfarisitfromheretothezoo
【河北3】Ihavesometicketsforthebasketballmatch.Iwonder______.
A.whereyoubuytheticketsB.whyyouliketogothere
C.ifyou’dliketocomealongD.whenyouwatchthematch
【河北2】Theteacherisalreadystandinghere.Doyouknowwhenshe______?
A.comesB.cameC.iscomingD.wascoming
【达州3】—Wehavenoidea_______.
—It’sheardthatheisMr.Green’sson.
A.wherehecomesfromB.ifdoeshelivehere
C.whoheisD.whoishe
【河南2】—Excuseme,canyoutellme_______?
—Sorry,Idon’tknow.Youcangototheinformation
desk.
A.thatthereisatrainB.whenthetrainleaves
C.whichtraincanItakeD.wheredoesthetraingo
【20
14陕西2】—Mum,summerholidayiscoming.Iwonder.
—HowaboutQinlingWildZoo?
A.wherecanwegoB.wherewecango
C.howwecangoD.howwecango
【黔西南州2】—Couldyoutellme_________?
—YoucantaketheNo.1bus.
A.howcanweg
ettoXingyiAirport
B.howwecangettoXingyiAirport
C.howdowegettoXingyiAirport
D.howwegottoXingyiAirport
【北京2】—Doyouknow
______themee
ting?
—Tomorrowmorning.
A.whentheyhadB.whentheyaregoingtohave
C.whendidtheyhaveD
.whenaretheygoingtohave
【南京2】—David,couldyoutellme______?
—Everyfouryears.
A.whentheWorldCupwillfinish
B.howoften
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