浙江省台州市届高三选考科目教学质量评估英语试题解析版.docx
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浙江省台州市届高三选考科目教学质量评估英语试题解析版.docx
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浙江省台州市届高三选考科目教学质量评估英语试题解析版
浙江省台州市2020届高三11月选考科目教学质量评估
英语试题
第一部分:
阅读理解(共两节,满分35分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题2.5分,满分25分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
OlympicNationalPark,withitstemperaterainforestsandbreath-takingviews,exertsanaturalpullonmanyPacificNorthwestemers.ButSeattlewriterRosetteRoyalefounditrepellent.ToRoyale,theparkseemedlikeadamp,dirtyandunpleasantplace.“Icouldn’tfigureoutwhyanyonewouldwanttocarrya50-poundpackintothewildernessandcamptherefordays,”hesaid.“Itdidn’tmakesense.”
ThenhemetBryantCarlin,avendor(小贩)forRealChange,theSeattleweeklysoldonthestreetbyvendorswhoarehomelessorlow-wageearners.Hewasalsoaskilledoutdoorsmanandanaturephotographerwhowouldtakeweeks-longphotographicjourneystothepark.Thetwomenconnectedinthefallof2011whenRoyaleinterviewedCarlinforafeaturestoryinRealChangeaboutCarlin’sphotography.
Thatfirsttimetheymet—andforyearsafterward—CarlininvitedRoyaletogocampingwithhim.Eachtime,Royalesaid“Thanks,butnothanks.”Untiloneday,inthespringof2015,Royalesurprisedhimselfbysayingyes.“LittledidIknow,”saidRoyale,“thatsaying‘yes’wouldchangethecourseofmylife.”
RoyaleandCarlinwentonfiveseparatejourneystotheOlympicwilderness.Theycampedinspring,summer,fallandwinter.ForRoyale,thetripswereexhaustingandterrifying.Butthetripswerealsoinspiring,andhelpedRoyale—ablack,strangeman—todeveloparelationshipwiththeoutdoorsthathehadneverexperiencedbefore.
ForCarlin,thetripswereanopportunitytothrowoffthelabelof“homeless”.InOlympicNationalPark,sleepingoutsidejustmeansyou’reacamper.ButtherewasoneaspectofCarlin’slifeinthecitythathecouldn’tescape:
alcoholabuse.Whileheneverbroughtbeerontheircampingjourneys,theeffectsofyearsofdrinkingweren’tsoeasytoleavebehind.
1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“repellent”inparagraph1mean?
A.Appealing.B.Puzzling.
C.Rewarding.D.Disgusting.
2.AccordingtoRoyale,whatmadehislifecoursechanged?
A.HisfirstmeetingwithCarlin.B.HisrejectionofCarlin’sinvitation.
C.HiscampingtripswithCarlin.D.HisreadingofCarlin’sfeaturestory.
3.WhatdidthetripswithRoyalemeantoCarlin?
A.Theyimprovedhisphotographyskills.
B.Theyhelpedhimfeelasenseofbelonging.
C.Theydeepenedhisrelationshipwithnature.
D.Theyenabledhimtogetridofalcoholaddiction.
『答案』1.D2.C3.B
『解析』
这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。
文章主要讲了罗亚尔和卡林的奥林匹克国家公园露营之旅对各自产生的意义。
『1题详解』
词义猜测题。
根据第一段ToRoyale,theparkseemedlikeadamp,dirtyandunpleasantplace.(对罗亚尔来说,公园似乎是一个潮湿、肮脏和令人不快的地方。
)由此可知,ButSeattlewriterRosetteRoyalefounditrepellent.的意思是但西雅图作家罗亚尔却发现它是令人厌恶的。
A.Appealing.吸引人的;B.Puzzling.令人迷惑的;C.Rewarding.有益的;D.Disgusting.令人厌恶的。
故选D。
『2题详解』
细节理解题。
根据第三段“LittledidIknow,”saidRoyale,“thatsaying‘yes’wouldchangethecourseofmylife.”(“我不知道,”罗亚尔说,“说‘是’会改变我的人生轨迹。
”)可知,罗亚尔认为,是他和卡林的露营之旅改变了他的人生轨迹。
故选C。
『3题详解』
推理判断题。
根据最后一段ForCarlin,thetripswereanopportunitytothrowoffthelabelof“homeless”.(对卡林来说,这些旅行是一个摆脱“无家可归”标签的机会。
)推断出,与罗亚尔的旅行对卡林意味着它们帮助他感到一种归属感。
故选B。
B
Recently,astheBritishdoctorRobertWinstontookatrainfromLondontoManchester,hefoundhimselfhavingtolistentoaloudconversationofafellowpassengerwoman.Boilingwithanger,Winstontookherpictureandsentittohismorethan40,000followersontheTweet.BythetimethetrainreachedthestationinManchester,somejournalistswerewaitingforthewoman.Andwhentheyshowedherthedoctor'smessages,sheusedjustonewordtodescribeWinston'sactions:
rude.
Winston'staleisagoodexampleofincreasingrudeness,fueledbysocialmediainourage.Studiesshowthatrudenessspreadsquicklyandvirally,almostlikethecommoncold.Justwitnessingrudenessmakesitfarmorelikelythatwe,inturn,willberudelateron.Onceinfected,wearemoreaggressive,lesscreativeandworseatourjobs.Theonlywayoutistomakeaconsciousdecisiontodoso.Wemusthavethecouragetocallitout,facetoface.Wemustsay,"Juststop."ForWinston,thatwouldhavemeantapproachingthewoman,tellingherthatherconversationwasfrustratingotherpassengersandpolitelyaskinghertospeakmorequietlyormakethecallatanothertime.
Theangerwefeelattherudebehaviorofastrangercandriveustodoout-of-placethings.Researchdiscoveredthattheactsofrevenge(报复)peoplehadtakenrangedfromtheridiculoustothedisturbing.Winstondidshineaspotlightonthewoman'sbehavior—butinawaythatshamedher.
Whenweseerudenessoccurinpublicplaces,wemuststepupandsaysomething.Andwecandoitwithgrace,byhandlingitwithoutabitofaggressionandwithoutbeingrudeourselves.Becauseoncerudepeoplecanseetheiractionsthroughtheeyesofothers,theyarefarmorelikelytoendtherudenessthemselves.Asthiswaveofrudenessrises,civilizationneedscivility(举止文明).
4.RobertWinston’sreactiontothewoman’behavioratthetraincanbedescribedas________.
A.awayofreturninggoodforevilB.ananswertothecallofthejournalists
C.agoodexampleofstoppingrudenessD.anactofansweringrudenesswithrudeness
5.Beinginfectedwithrudenesscanpossiblyleadto________.
A.wiserdecisionsB.morefrustratedpassengers
C.poorerworkperformanceD.moreface-to-facecommunication
6.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?
A.Whattosaytoarudeperson.B.CivilizationCallsforCivility.
C.HowtoFixRudenessSpreadOnlineD.RudeBehaviorMakesaRudeMan
『答案』4.D5.C6.A
『分析』
这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。
文章主要讲了当我们看到在公共场所发生粗鲁行为时,我们该说些什么。
『4题详解』
推理判断题。
根据第一段Boilingwithanger,Winstontookherpictureandsentittohismorethan40,000followersontheTweet.(温斯顿怒火中烧,拍下了她的照片,并发送给他在推特上的4万多名粉丝。
)和Andwhentheyshowedherthedoctor'smessages,sheusedjustonewordtodescribeWinston'sactions:
rude.(当他们给她看医生的留言时,她只用一个词来形容温斯顿的行为:
粗鲁。
)推断出,罗伯特·温斯顿对这名女子在火车上的行为的反应,可以说是以粗鲁回应粗鲁。
故选D。
『5题详解』
细节理解题。
根据第二段Onceinfected,wearemoreaggressive,lesscreativeandworseatourjobs.(一旦被感染,我们会变得更有攻击性,创造力更差,工作表现也更差。
)可知,被无礼行为感染可能会导致工作表现不佳。
故选C。
『6题详解』
主旨大意题。
最后一段Whenweseerudenessoccurinpublicplaces,wemuststepupandsaysomething.Andwecandoitwithgrace,byhandlingitwithoutabitofaggressionandwithoutbeingrudeourselves.(当我们看到在公共场所发生粗鲁行为时,我们必须站出来说点什么。
我们可以优雅地处理它,不带一点攻击性,也不粗鲁地对待自己。
)是全文的主题句,结合全文内容,可知这篇文章主要讲了当我们看到在公共场所发生粗鲁行为时,我们该说些什么。
A选项“对粗鲁的人说什么”是最合适的题目,故选A。
『点睛』细节理解题大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。
抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键,也是做好其它类型问题的基础。
该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息,或是其变体。
在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。
做这类题一般采用寻读法,即先读题,然后带着问题快速阅读短文,找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子,再对相关部分进行分析对比,找出答案。
正确选项虽然一般不是原文照搬,但是一般是原文的改写,意思不变。
如换一个同义词,把否定改为肯定,把肯定改为否定等。
如第2小题,根据第二段Onceinfected,wearemoreaggressive,lesscreativeandworseatourjobs.(一旦被感染,我们会变得更有攻击性,创造力更差,工作表现也更差。
)由此可知,被无礼行为感染可能会导致工作表现不佳。
故选C。
C
Californiahasbeenfacingdroughtsformanyyears,withcertainareasevenhavingtopumpfreshwaterhundredsofmilestotheirdistributionsystem.Theproblemisgrowingasthepopulationofthestatecontinuestoexpand.Newresearchhasfounddeepwaterreservesunderthestatewhichcouldhelpsolvetheirdroughtcrisis.Previousdrillingofwellscouldonlyreachdepthsof1,000feet,butduetonewpumpingpractices,waterdeeperthanthiscannowbeextracted(抽取).TheteamatStanfordinvestigatedtheaquifers(地下蓄水层)belowthisdepthandfoundthatreservesmaybethreetimeswhatwaspreviouslythought.
Itisprofitabletodrilltodepthsmorethan1,000feetforoilandgas,butonlyrecentlyinCaliforniahasitbecomeprofitabletopumpwaterfromthisdepth.Theaquifersrangefrom1,000to3,000feetbelowtheground,whichmeansthatpumpingwillbeexpensiveandthereareotherconcerns.Thebiggestconcernisthegradualsettingdownofthelandsurface.Asthewaterispumpedout,thevacantspaceleftispressedbytheweightoftheearthabove.
Eventhoughpumpingfromthesedepthsisexpensive,itisstillcheaperthandesalinating(脱盐)theoceanwaterinthelargelycoastalstate.Somedesalinationplantsexistwherepossible,buttheyarecostlytorunandcanneedconstantrepairs.Wellsaremuchmorereliablesourcesoffreshwater,andCaliforniaishopingthatthesedeepwellsmaybetheanswertotheirseverewatershortage.
Oneproblemwiththesesourcesisthatthedeepwateralsohasahigherlevelofsaltthanshalloweraquifers.Thismeansthatsomewatermayevenneedtobedesalinatedafterextraction,thusincreasingthecost.Researchfromthestudyofgroundwaterhasjustbeenpublished.Newestimatesofthewaterreservesnowgoupto2,700billioncubicmetersoffreshwater.
7.Accordingtothetext,whatcausesthewatercrisisinCalifornia?
A
Previousdrillingofwells.B.Themessydistributionsystem.
C.Constantdroughtsinthearea.D.Theadoptionofnewpumpingpractices.
8.Theresearchteamsthinkit________toextractwaterfromdeeperaquifers.
A.expensivebutpracticalB.reliableandprofitable
C.cost-freebutdemandingD.cheapandenvironment-friendly
9.Whatismentionedasaconsequenceofextractingwaterfromdeepunderground?
A.Thedamagetoaquifers.B.Thesinkingoflandsurface.
C.Thedecreaseinoperationcosts.D.Thenegativeeffectsontheclimate.
10.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?
A.Toencouragepeopletosavewater.
B.Topromotetheseawaterdesalination.
C.Tointroduceanewwayofextractingfreshwater.
D.Todrawpeople’sattentiontothedroughtsinCalifornia.
『答案』7.C8.A9.B10.C
『解析』
这是一篇说明文。
文章主要讲了新的研究发现,加州的深层水储备可能有助于解决它们的干旱危机,作者介绍了一种提取淡水的新方法。
『7题详解』
细节理解题。
根据第一段Californiahasbeenfacingdroughtsformanyyears,wit
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