高考英语形容词副词专项复习.docx
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高考英语形容词副词专项复习.docx
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高考英语形容词副词专项复习
高考英语形容词、副词专项复习
一.形容词,副词的用法和位置
形容词
作定语
一般前置,有时后置
That’salovelydog.那是只可爱的狗。
It'snothingserious.没什么严重的。
作表语
置于系动词后
I’msurprisedatwhathesaid.对他所说的话我很吃惊。
作宾语补足语
Ifoundhimasleeponthefloor.我发现他在地板上睡着了。
作主语或宾语
Thegoodarehappy。
善者长乐。
1.哪些情况下形容词作后置定语?
(1)形容词修饰复合不定代词(如something,anybody,everyone等)时要后置。
Theteacherhassomethingimportanttotellus.老师有重要事情要告诉我们。
(2)else只能作后置定语,修饰不定代词somebody,nothing,anyone等以及疑问代词what,who,whom,whose。
Didanyoneelsewantme?
有别的人找我吗?
(3)形容词有数词修饰时,形容词要置于其后。
Thereisatreeabout35feettallinourvillage.我们村有一棵高约35英尺的树。
(4)enough用作形容词修饰名词时,可前可后;但以置前居多。
但enough用作副词,修饰形容词或副词时必须后置。
Wedon’thavemoneyenough(enoughmoney)tobuytheMP4player.我们没有足够的钱买那个MP4。
Therabbitranquicklyenough兔子跑得够快了。
2.多个形容词修饰名词应如何排列顺序?
多个形容词同时修饰一个名词,且有冠词或代词修饰名词时,其顺序是:
县官县令杀国贼限冠形龄色国质
冠词(包括物主代词、序数词、基数词)→一般描绘性形容词(如brave,beautiful)表示形状的形容词(大小、长短、高矮)→表示年龄或新旧的形容词→表示颜色的形容词→表示国籍、出处或来源的形容词→表示物质、材料的形容词→表示类别或用途的形容词→名词中心词。
ThisisthefirstbeautifullittlewhiteChinesestonebridge.这是第一座美丽的白色的中国小石桥。
副词
作状语:
ZhaoMingworksveryhard.赵明学习很努力。
作表语:
Classisover.Thestudentsareout.下课了,学生出去了。
作定语:
Thepeopletherearefriendly.那里的人们很友好。
作宾语补足语:
TheyleftStevenaloneathome.他们把史蒂芬单独留在了家里。
如何将形容词变为副词?
(1)形容词变为副词一般在末尾加ly.规律是:
一般直接加-ly:
badly,quietly
以e结尾,去e加–ly:
true——truly,due-----duly
以le结尾,变e为y:
terrible-----terribly,able---ably
以y结尾,变y为i再加-ly:
angry----angrily,lazy-----lazily
注意:
以y结尾的单音节形容词直接加-ly,如:
shy-----shyly,dry------dryly
(2)某些形容词和副词同形,如:
high,fast,enough,wrong,long,far,right,late,early,hard,straight,deep,daily,pretty等。
二.形容词副词的比较级和最高级的变化
1.一般情况下加-er或-est:
young-younger-youngestold–older–oldesttall-taller-tallest
2.以字母e结尾的形容词,加-r或-st
nice–nicer-nicestsafe–safer-safest
3.重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母时,应先双写辅音字母,再加-er或-est.
big—bigger-biggestfat—fatter-fattest
4.以 “辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,先改“y”为“i”,再加-er或-est.
early-earlier-earliestthirsty-thirstier-thirstiest
5.部分双音节词或多音节词前面加more,most.如:
interestingmoreinterestingmostinteresting
famousmorefamousmostfamous
6,不规则变化:
原级
比较级
最高级
good/well
better
best
两好
bad/ill
worse
worst
两坏
many/much
more
most
两多
little
less
least
一少
far
farther
further
farthest
furthest
一远
old
olderelder
oldesteldest
一老
三.形容词、副词的原级,比较级,最高级的用法
1.形容词、副词原级的用法。
A、在…as…as…或…notas/so…as…句式中用原级.
◆Bobneverdoeshishomework___B_Mary.Hemakeslotsofmistakes
A.socarefulasB.ascarefullyasC.carefullyasD.ascarefulas
◆---Ischemistrymoredifficultthanphysics?
---No,chemistryisnotso__B__asphysics.
A.easyB.difficultC.easierD.moredifficult
B、倍数句式。
◆Thefactoryistwiceas__large__asthatone.[large]
◆Herroomisnothalfas__big__asyours。
[big]
2,形容词副词比较级的用法
A、表示两者进行比较时用比较级。
其结构为“A…+比较级+than+B”
注意比较对象要一致.
◆Billruns_faster__(fast)thananyotherboyinhisclass.
Mypencilis—longer--(long)thanyours.
B、比较级+and+比较级“越来越.”
◆Beijingisbecoming__and__.(c)
A.Morebeautiful,moreB.beautiful/beautiful
C.more,morebeautifulD.morebeautiful,morebeautiful
◆Thedaysaregetting--longer--and--longer---whenspringcomes.[long]
C、表示“越···就越···”用“the+比较级,the+比较级”
◆_____childrenthereareinafamily,______theirlifewillbe.(B)
A.Theless/thebetterB.Thefewer/thebetter
C.fewer/.richerD.More/poorer
D、在比较级前可用much/very/alittle/abit/far/byfar等修饰加强语气
◆Thereare___B___newwordsinLessonFourthaninLessonOne
A.manyB.muchmoreC.manymoreD.moreafew
3,形容词副词的最高级
A、表示三者或三者以上的人彧事物进行比较时用最高级,形容词的最高级前+the
--whojumpedthe__farthest____ofallinthelongjump?
–Anndid.(远)
B、be+oneof+the+最高级+名词复数、最···中之一
◆Oct.5thwasoneof__C__daysin2003.TheShenzhouTVwassentupsuccessfully.
A.excitingB.moreexciting
C.themostexcitingD.muchexciting
C、the+序数词+最高级+单数名词+范围
TheYellowRiveristhesecond___B__riverinchina.
A.longerB.longestC.longD.thelong
D,副词的最高级常可省略定冠词the.
Whoran(the)fastestinthelastsportsmeeting?
在上次运动会中谁跑得最快?
历年高考重点考查:
一、考查形容词和副词的基本用法
形容词在句中一般作定语、表语、补语,而副词在句中主要作状语。
如:
(1)Tomsoundsverymuch______inthejob,butI’mnotsurewhetherhecanmanageit.
A.interestedB.interestingC.interestinglyD.interestedly
(2)—Whatanicefireyouhaveinyourfireplace!
—DuringthewinterIlikemyhouse______.
A.warmlyandcomfortablyB.warmandcomfortable
C.warmandcomfortablyD.warmlyandcomfortable
(3)______,somefamousscientistshavethequalitiesofbeingbothcarefulandcareless.
A.StrangelyenoughB.EnoughstrangelyC.StrangeenoughD.Enoughstrange
二、考查形容词作定语的后置规律
形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前,但下列三种情况形容词要后置:
①形容词短语作定语时;②表语形容词作定语时;③修饰复合不定代词时。
如:
(4)_______totakethisadventurecoursewillcertainlylearnalotofusefulskills.
A.BraveenoughstudentsB.Enoughbravestudents
C.StudentsbraveenoughD.Studentsenoughbrave
(5)Allthepeople______atthepartywerehissupporters.
A.presentB.thankfulC.interestedD.important
三、考查多个形容词作定语的排序
多个形容词修饰名词时,其排序规律是:
(限定词+程度副词+)描绘+大小(长短、高低)+形状+年龄(新旧)+颜色+国籍或产地+物质材料+类别或用途+名词。
如:
(6)JohnSmith,asuccessfulbusinessman,hasa______car.
A.largeGermanwhiteB.largewhiteGerman
C.whitelargeGermanD.Germanlargewhite
(7)______studentsarerequiredtotakepartintheboatrace.
A.TenstrongyoungChineseB.TenChinesestrongyoung
C.ChinesetenyoungstrongD.YoungstrongtenChinese
(8)This_____girlisLinda’scousin.
A.prettylittleSpanishB.Spanishlittlepretty
C.SpanishprettylittleD.littleprettySpanish
注:
限定词的排序:
前位限定词(指量限定词all,both,half等;倍数词double,twice等;分数词one-third,two-fifths等)+中位限定词(冠词,指示代词,形容词性物主代词,名词所有格)+后位限定词(序数词及last,next等;基数词及few,several等)。
如:
(9)Thehusbandgavehiswife______everymonthinordertopleaseher.
A.allhalfhisincomeB.hishalfallincome
C.halfhisallincomeD.allhishalfincome
四、考查副词在句中的位置规律
副词修饰形容词或其它副词时,一般位于被修饰词的前面,但enough却要放在被修饰的形容词或副词的后面。
如:
(10)AlthoughshedidnotknowBostonwell,shemadeherway______totheHomeCircleBuilding.
A.easyenoughB.enougheasyC.easilyenoughD.enougheasily
(11)They’renotverygood,butwelike______.
A.anywaytoplaybasketballB.toplaybasketballwiththemanyway
C.toplaywiththembasketballanywayD.withthemtoplaybasketball
(12)-WillyougivethismessagetoMrBaker,please?
-Sorry,Ican't.He________.
A.doesn'tanymoreworkhereB.doesn'tanylongerherework
C.doesn'tworkanymorehereD.doesn'tworkhereanylonger
五、考查–ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别
-ed形容词,通常说明人,意为“(某人)感到……”;-ing形容词通常说明事物,意为“(某事物)令人……”或“令人……的(事物)”。
如:
(13)Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildren’sactionsagainstthelawsgetparents_____.
A.worriedB.toworriedC.worryingD.worry
(14)Itisbelievedthatifabookis______,itwillsurely______thereader.
A.interested;interestB.interesting;beinterested
C.interested;beinterestingD.interesting;interest
(15)Mr.Smith,______ofthe________speech,startedtoreadanovel.
A.tired;boring B.tiring;boredC.tired;boredD.tiring;boring
(16)—I'mvery______withmyowncooking.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.
—Mm,itdoeshavea______smell.
A.pleasant;pleasedB.pleased;pleasedC.pleasant;pleasantD.pleased;pleasant
六、考查两种不同形式的副词的用法差异
即考查与形容词同形的副词与形容词后加ly构成的副词的区别。
如:
(17)Itwasrainingheavily.LittleMaryfeltcold,soshestood______tohermother.
A.closeB.closelyC.closedD.closing
七、考查形容词和副词的比较等级
1.as+形容词/副词原级+as
(18.)Atyphoonsweptacrosstiffsareawithheavyrainsandwinds_____strongas113milesperhour.
A.tooB.veryC.soD.as
(19)Johnisthetallestboyintheclass,________accordingtohimself.
A.fivefooteightastallasB.astallasfivefooteight
C.asfivefooteighttallasD.astallfivefooteightas
2.notas/so+原级+as
(20)—Doyouhaveabiglibrary?
"
—No,wedon't─atleast,not________yours.
A.biggerasB.asbigasC.asbigthanD.asbiggerthan
3.as+形容词+(a/an+)名词+as
(21)Ourneighbourhas______ours.
A.asabighouseasB.asbigahouseas
C.thesamebighouseasD.ahousethesamebigas
(22)Itisgenerallybelievedthatteachingis________itisascience.
A.anartmuchasB.muchanartasC.asanartmuchasD.asmuchanartas
4.隐含式比较级
有时省略或不点明被比较的对象,而是通过语境来暗示被比较的对象。
(23)Iwishyou'ddo______talkingandsomemorework.Thusthingswillbecomebetter.
A.abitlessB.anylessC.muchmoreD.alittlemore
(24)Idon’tthinkthisfilmisbyfarthemostboring.Ihaveseen______.
A.betterB.worseC.thebestD.theworst
(25)Thatdoesn’tsoundveryfrightening.Paul,I’veseen_____.Whatdidyoulikemostaboutthefilm?
A.betterB.worseC.bestD.worst
(26)―Isyourheadachegetting_____?
―No,it’sworse.
A.betterB.badC.lessD.well
(27)Marykeptweighingherselftoseehowmuch______shewasgetting.
A.heavierB.heavyC.theheavierD.theheaviest
5.否定式谓语+比较级:
有最高级含义
(28)Yourstoryisperfect;I’veneverheard_______before.
A.thebetteroneB.thebestoneC.abetteroneD.agoodone
(29)Bobranthe100metersin9.91seconds,andIhavenotseen______thisyear.
A.thebestB.betterC.themostD.more
6.最高级+of/in
(30)Greenland,______islandintheworld,coverstwomillionsquarekilometers.
A.itisthelargestB.thatisthelargestC.isthelargestD.thelarges
(31)FourofRobert'schildrenwereattheparty,including______Luke.
A.theoldestB.anoldestoneC.theoldD.anoldone
7.the+比较级,the+比较级
(32)AsfarasIamconcerned,educationisaboutlearningandthemoreyoulearn,______.
A.themoreforlifeareyouequippedB.themoreequippedforlifeyouare
C.themorelifeyouareequippedforD.withthemtoplaybasketball
(33)Inrecentyearst
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