影像学 中英文名词解释.docx
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影像学 中英文名词解释.docx
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影像学中英文名词解释
医学影像学名词解释
Accessorylobe:
additionalpleuraextendingintothepulmonarysegments,formingadditionalpulmonarylobe、Themostmonlyseenareazygoslobeintheinnerzonesuperiortotherighthilum,andinferioraccessorylobeintheinnerzoneofinferiorlobe、
Airbronchogramsign:
Becausetheairinthealveoliisreplacedbyexudates,whiletheairinthebronchusisnotdisplacedandremainpatent、Thisproducescontrastbetweentheairinthebronchialtreeandthesurroundingairlessparenchyma、IgAHiw1。
kLb56uD。
Ankylosisofjoint:
bonyorfibroustissuesconnectthearticularsurface、Inplainfilm,itischaracterizedbyanarrowedarticularspace、Whetherthetrabeculaepassthroughthearticularspacedistinguishesbonyorfibrousankylosis、khweaVu。
WOFHeyq。
Artificialcontrast:
Thoseorgansorspaceslackofnaturalcontrast,canberenderdetobevisiblebymeansofcontrastagentstocreateanartificialcontrast、WQkTVNs。
sEnsXsN。
Bonedestruction:
localizedabsenceofnormalbonetissueandreplacedbypathologicaltissues、Boththecorticalandspongybonearedestructedbecauseofeithertheabsorptionofbonetissuesortheactivationofosteoclastsbythepathologicaltissue、Inplainfilm,itappearstobeadecreaseinbonedensitylocally,absenceofnormalbonetissue,andprobablyworm-eatenorsievelikecorticalbone、kRcrTJZ。
IcJWgRf。
Cavity:
formedasaresultoftheexpulsionofnecrotictissuesthroughbronchus、Itcanbedevidedintoworm-eaten,thin-walled,andthick-walledcavities、oftenseeninTB,pulmonaryabscess,andlungcancer、J2JouUH。
XV0kiYf。
Codman’triangle:
Codman’triangleisduetodirecterosionofthealreadyformedperiostealnewbonebyfastgrowingtumor、V38PUmD。
fR0d7Lr。
Colles’fracture:
Thefracturelineiswithin2-3cmfromthearticularendoftheradius,thedistalfragmentisdisplaceddorsallyandradiallyandisoftenassociatedwithfractureofthestyloidprocessoftheulnaandseparationoftheradioulnarjoint、7FTYhUo。
SYDuxV1。
CTR:
theratiobetweenmaximaltransversediameteroftheheart:
summationofmaximaldiameterfromleftandrightmarginoftheheartrespectivelytothemidline,andmaximalwidthofthethorax:
ahorizontallinepassingthroughtherightdiaphragmaticapexbetweeninneredgesofthethorax、maximuminadults:
0、5MmJRLX3。
4uMeyfE。
Degenerationofjoint:
degeneratedandnecroticarticularcartilage,replacedbyfibroustissuesgradually、Whenthebonysurfaceisinvolved,itcancausehyperostosisofthebone,whichleadstorougharticularsurface,formationofosteophyte,andossificationofligament、Itisoftenseeninweight-bearingorfrequentlyusedjoints、tEWi0NI。
c7O4cAe。
Destructionofbone:
Bonetissueeliminationcausedbysclerotinpartlysubstitutedwithpathologicorganism、Roentgenologically,itshowsosteolyticboneareasofdecreaseddensityandlossofbonestructures、Atj5RBv。
ih7hh6f。
Doublecontour:
OnPAfilm,therightborderofanenlargedleftatriummayproduceanextrashadowsuperimposedontherightcardiacborder,givingadoublecontour、vbALZnQ。
hcKBACH。
Earlygastriccancer:
Earlygastriccancerisdefineascarcinomalimitedtothemucosaandsubmucosaregardlessofthepresenceorabsenceoflymphnodeinvolvement、8vAIYLH。
fjti42Q。
Epiphysealfracture:
occursinchildren’slongbone,fortheepiphysishasnotlinkedwithmetaphysic,sotheymayseparatewhenthereisanexternalforceacting、Inplainfilm,theepiphysisandmetaphysisarenotinthenormalplace,ortheepiphysealplateisbroaderthannormal、Thefracturelinedoesnotexist、XZ2SSmx。
XGR2KBm。
FillingDefect:
Fillingdefectiscausedbyaspaceoccupingmassproducingdefectonthebarium、zWJ2gG7。
vjRskNW。
Fracture:
aplete/inpletebreakinthecontinuityofaboneoracartilage、Inpletefracturesincludecrack~andgreenstick~、pletefracturesincludetransverse,oblique,vertical,spiral,fragmented,impacted,pression,andavulsion~、X0YzFU8。
CEPGbIo。
GreenstickFracture:
Greenstickfractureoccuralmostexclusivelyduringinfancyandchildhood、Itisnoteasyforexternalforcetocausethebonecortexpletebreakbecauseofitspliant,sothiskindoffractureshowedbucklingofthecortexwithoutfracturelinesoratransverfractureoccurinthecortex,extendingintothemidportoftheboneandthenorientingalongthelongitudinalaxisofthebonewithoutdisruptingtheoppositecortex、0vBKerO。
KIfOAvh。
Hilardance:
underfluorescence,therewillbeanobviouslyenhancedpulsationofthehilararteriesinpulmonaryhypertension,seenincongenitalheartdiseaseswithleft-to-rightshunt、WnMIxAV。
C66N9UJ。
Hyperostosisosteoscleroses:
osteosclerosisisabnormalhardeningorincreaseddensityofboneonradiographsDEM05vE。
cDWQEop。
Intrapulmonaryaircontainingspace:
pathologicaldistensionofphysiologicalspaceinthelung、Itappearstobearoundtranslucencywithasmoothwallabout1mminX-rays、suchasbullaeandaircontainingbronchialcysts、ERGUGLp。
7B3VRR6。
InvertedScurvesign:
PAfilm,atelectasisoftherightsuperiorlobe,elevatedhorizontalfissure,hilarmass,centralbronchogeniccarcinomaintherightsuperiorlobeZuWOSu1。
xDL6r1F。
Kerleyline:
pulmonaryinterstitialedema,formedduetothickeninginteralveolarseptaindifferentarea、A:
stretchingformtheouterzonetothehilumobliquely,seeninacuteLHF;B:
inthecostophrenicangle,2-3cmlong,stretcheshorizontally,seeninMSandchronicLHF;C:
intheinferiorfield,netlike,seeninseverepulmonaryvenoushypertension、DavU9G9。
gNGV7Fh。
KidneyAutonephretomy:
Thecaseouslesionofrenaltuberculosiscanproducecalcification,andevenresultincalcificationofentirekidneycalledautonephritomysuzTIf6。
hODZlwG。
Lungmarkings:
consistingofpulmonarya、,v、,bronchi,andlymphtissues、Inplainfilm,itappearstobebranchlikeshadowradiatingoutwardfromthehilumanddisappearwithagradualreductioninsize、DgdcTQT。
vbfg4TO。
Niche:
Onprofile,thisunchangingcollectionofbariumwillprojectoutsidetheconfinesofthestomach、stAqRrT。
dGzPbHd。
Osteomalacia:
Osteomalaciaisagroupofdisordersresultingfrominadequateordelayedmineralizationofosteoidinmaturecorticalandspongybyne、Theradiographicchangesarecharacterizedbygeneralmarkeddecreaseofbonedensity,thickcortex,thenormaloutlineoftheboneisblurred、SZVJmfR。
tcRb8Us。
Osteonecrosis:
Osteonecrosisoccurswhenmetabolismofbonecellsceaseforeverfromlocalischemiabone、Thechiefcharacteristicthatisresponsiblefortheradiographicdefinitionofdeadboneisitsapparentincreaseindensity、kTNbhPx。
Epq3hUf。
Osteoporosis:
referstoadecreaseinnormalbonetissueperunitvolume,inwhichmineralandorganicmattersdecreaseinproportion,leavingaqualitativelynormalbutquantitativelydeficientbonetissue、Thedeficientbonebeesmorefragileandmorevulnerabletofractures、Inplainfilm,itappearstobeadecreaseinbonedensitygenerally,thinandsparsetrabeculae,wideintertrabecularspace,andathinnerandstratiformcorticalbone、Itoftenoccursintheelderly,menopauseinwomen,andothercircumstancessuchastumor,infection,endocrinedisorders,etc、BALaGxe。
tXqGub9。
OsteosclerosisandHyperostosis:
referstoanincreaseinnormalbonetissueperunitvolume、Inplainfilm,itappearstobeanincreaseinbonedensitygenerally,withthickenedcortexandtrabeculae、Themedullaryspaceisnarrowedorevenvanished,andsometimesthecorticalboneandspongybonecannotbedistinguished、Itisusuallyseenintumor,inflammation,andtrauma、yyojwk3。
YCNdX4H。
Pancoast’stumor:
peripheralbronchogeniccarcinomaintheapex、caninfiltrateintoneighboringvertebraeandribs,involvescervicalsympatheticnerveandcauseHorner’ssyndrome、kTLSEoi。
k2V42mn。
Periostealreaction:
whentheperiosteumisirritatedpathologically,osteoblastsintheinnerlayerwillbeactivatedandproducesub-periostealnewbone、Inplainfilm,itappearstobeahighdensityshadowparalleltothecortex,withvariouspatternsaslinear,luminar,orlacelike、Itusuallyindicatesadestructionorinjuryofthebone、fon7Zx7。
5YhmcW8。
Pleuralindentation:
V-shapedorcordlike,denseshadowbetweenthemassandpleura,contractionofscartissueintumor,adenocarcinoma,bronchioalveolarcarcinomaWboPM4E。
XZwTBL1。
Primaryplex:
abinationofprimarypulmonarytuberculousfocus,hilartuberculouslymphangitisandlymphadenitis、fomrsatypicaldumbbell-likeX-rayimage、pQewPEA。
dMRC683。
Primaryplextuberculosis;Thebinationoftheprimarypulmonarytuberculousfocus,lymphangitisandintrathoraciclymphadenitisisknownastheprimaryplextuberculosis、Itoccurschieflyinchildren、aliFy21。
NW7dHFc。
Schmorl’snodule:
Prolapseofthenucleuspulposusthroughthevertebralbodyendplateintothespongiosaofthevertebra,acpaniedbyresponsivehyperostosis、GraeFbD。
SLnS17Q。
Stirlinsign:
Thereisalackofbariumretentioninadiseasedsegmentofileumandcaecumbutwithacolumnofbariumremainsoneithersideoftheaffectedarea、Thisphemonenonmayresultfromspasm,organicconstractureofabinationofboth、Itissuggestiveoftuberculosisofintestine、qmqGFVI。
uZ8JQPM。
Subpleuralline:
thickenedadjacentinterlobularseptaconnectstogether,dermatasclerosis,asbestosisYf4pgv6。
Ib3aFX0。
Thethirdpathologicarch:
Itmayformaseparatearchbetweenthepulmonarysegmentandtheleftventricle,duetoenlargementoftheatrialappendage、Itiscalledthethirdpathologicarch、Tree-buddedsign:
bronchiolus,diffusepanbronchiolitis,bronchogenicdisseminationlQ02fcC。
g4HdoOk。
流空效应:
由于信号得采集需要一定得时间,快速流动得血液不产生或只产生极低得信号,与周围组织、结构间形成良好得对比,这种现象叫流空效应。
rd6ult1。
DwQqBKF。
驰豫时间:
静态磁场中,质子从高能态恢复到低能态所需要得时间。
像素pixel:
扫描所得得数据经计算而获得每个体素得X线衰减系数或称吸收系数,再排列成矩阵,其中每个数字经数字、模拟转换器转换为黑到白得不同灰度得小方块,称~QJnSO3L。
DZ6LdDE。
体素vo
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