六级考试阅读理解真题精选练习汇总整理精校版.docx
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六级考试阅读理解真题精选练习汇总整理精校版.docx
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六级考试阅读理解真题精选练习汇总整理精校版
六级考试阅读理解真题精选练习汇总
教学相长
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1.在从句中,对以下连接词和引导词要保持高度警惕:
(1)which(或代词it)绝对不可指代前面的整个句子;
(2)because不可引导名词性从句;
(3)宾语从句中引导词that一般不能省略;
(4)if绝不可以引导名词性从句,如要表示“是否”,只能用whether引导;
(5)对不作为介词宾语的事物作限定性修饰,只用that而不用which。
而which仅用于引导对介宾进行修饰的限定性从句和引导非限定性从句。
2.在require、demand等表“建议、命令”意义的词之后的that从句,要求用虚拟语气动词,即动词原形,不加should。
3.绝对不可以单独使用that指代前面的单数或不可数名词,而一般是用thatof+n.结构指代或换用其他表达方式。
4.绝不可以单独使用this、these来指代前面出现的单数或复数名词,而绝对要通过换用其他人称代词,或重复前面出现的名词或者改变句子结构来避免这样非正式且模糊的指代。
如sth.ofthiskind,likethis/these等模糊表达均要用such+n.(n.即重复this、these所指代的对象)来取代,意为“这些……”。
另外,在“such……that”结构中,such只修饰具体名词,而不修饰抽象名词(如rapidity、severity等)。
5.在我们通常使用的therebe句型中,以下表达必错:
(1)therecouldbedonesth.;
(2)therebesth.done;
(3)therebeing+名词词组
(4)therewassth.(抽象的表动作的名词),如说therewasatransmisscion万万不可。
呈般来说,therebe仅用于“某处有某物”,而此物是指一具体名词,如knife,star,wolf等,而非抽象名词conversion,relation等。
6.表示某人有某种能力做某事,最佳答案的选择依据是cando>beabletodo>has(have)abilitytodo>has(have)acapabilityofdoing…在选择时,有cando就不用含beabletodo的选项,依次类推。
7.当我们需要举例时,一律用suchas结构,而不用like。
8.倾向于用主动语态而非被动语态,当用主动或被动语态的选项在语法和句意上都无错误时,选择用主动语态表达的选项,即“主动优先原则”。
9.关于being的以下使用必错:
(1)being+n.
(2)being+adj.(3)asbeing+n./adj./v.ving.;
10.当我们对一动宾结构进行替代时,不用doit,一律用doso.;
11.介词短语:
onaccountof,becauseof,despite(inspiteof),asaresultof之后只跟简单的各词短语。
若其后跟的是动名词或名词所有格+动名词短语,或名词短语之后用一复杂的现在分词来修饰时,应改为与其相同意义的连词because,although等引导的从句形式。
12.几种简单的表达方式:
(1)n.thatis(are)adj.必然要换为ad.+n.的名词短语结构,如amanwhoispoor的选项必错,而应选含有apoorman的选项。
(2)当表示谓语部分,尤其是表示实义动词的含义时,就直接用其动词形式表示,而不要用名词形式或形容词形式,如:
beacause就一定会被cause(动词)替代;besuggestiveof一定会被suggest替代。
(3)一些常见词的替换方式:
notany一定会被no替代;thatwhich一定会被what替代;havingbeendone会被done(限定词)所替代。
13.平行结构的最后一个成立之前必定有一个连词and,or,neither,nor或aswellas,否则嘴并列结构必存在问题。
如:
todoA.doB,do的表达就必死无疑,正确表达应该是todoA,doB,anddoC或todoA,todoB,andtodoC。
14.在平行结构中,对于“不是……而是”的结构,ETS更喜欢用ratherthan,而很少用insteadof。
实践中,若5个选项中存在这两个词的互换,直接在含ratherthan的选项中找答案,除非含ratherthan的结构有语法或逻辑错误,才可考虑insteadof。
15.若在题中的划线部分(即A选项)中发现情态动词,那么在最后的正确答案中必须有些情态动词或类似语气的词出现。
实践中,此原则可转化为:
不含此情态动词或类似语气词的选项均为错误选项,立即排除。
从上面的分析中我们就可以看到SAT语法考试的出题点都是非常有特点的,很多情况下都是只出现在SAT语法考试中的,所以大家在备考的时候,一定要有所准备,这样才能有更多更好的选择。
Wesometimesthinkhumansareuniquelyvulnerabletoanxiety,butstressseemstoaffecttheimmunedefensesofloweranimalstoo.Inoneexperiment,forexample,behavioralimmunologist(免疫学家)MarkLaudenslager,attheUniversityofDenver,gavemildelectricshocksto24rats.Halftheanimalscouldswitchoffthecurrentbyturningawheelintheirenclosure,whiletheotherhalfcouldnot.Theratsinthetwogroupswerepairedsothateachtimeoneratturnedthewheelitprotectedbothitselfanditshelplesspartnerfromtheshock.Laudenslager foundthattheimmuneresponsewasdepressedbelownormalinthehelplessratsbutnotinthosethatcouldturnofftheelectricity.Whathehasdemonstrated,hebelieves,isthatlackofcontroloveranevent,nottheexperienceitself,iswhatweakenstheimmunesystem.
Otherresearchersagree.JayWeiss,apsychologistatDukeUniversitySchoolofMedicine,hasshownthatanimalswhoareallowedtocontrolunpleasantstimulidon'tdevelopsleepdisturbancesorchangesinbrainchemistrytypicalofstressedrats.Butiftheanimalsareconfrontedwithsituationstheyhavenocontrolover,theylaterbehavepassivelywhenfacedwithexperiencestheycancontrol.Suchfindingsreinforcepsychologists'suspicionsthattheexperienceorperceptionofhelplessnessisoneofthemostharmfulfactorsindepression. Oneofthemoststartlingexamplesofhowthemindcanaltertheimmuneresponsewasdiscoveredbychance.In1975psychologistRobertAderattheUniversityofRochesterSchoolofMedicineconditioned(使形成条件反射)micetoavoidsaccharin(糖精)bysimultaneouslyfeedingthemthesweetenerandinjectingthemwithadrugthatwhilesuppressingtheirimmunesystemscausedstomachupsets.Associatingthesaccharinwiththestomachpains,themicequicklylearnedtoavoidthesweetener.Inordertoextinguishthisdislikeforthesweetener,Aderreexposedtheanimalstosaccharin,thistimewithoutthedrug,andwasastonishedtofindthatthosemicethathadreceivedthehighestamountsofsweetenerduringtheirearlierconditioningdied.Hecouldonlyspeculatethathehadsosuccessfullyconditionedtheratsthatsaccharinalonenowservedtoweakentheirimmunesystemsenoughtokillthem.
21. Laudenslager'sexperimentshowedthattheimmunesystemofthoseratswhocouldturnofftheelectricity .
A)wasaltered C)wasweakened
B)wasstrengthened D)wasnotaffected
22.Accordingtothepassage,theexperienceofhelplessnesscausesratsto .
A)turnofftheelectricity
B)trytocontrolunpleasantstimuli
C)becomeabnormallysuspicious
D)behavepassivelyincontrollablesituations
23.ThereasonwhythemiceinAder'sexperimentavoidedsaccharinwasthat.
A)theyassociateditwithstomachaches
B)itaffectedtheirimmunesystems
C)itledtostomachpains
D)theydislikeditstaste
24.ThepassagetellsusthatthemostprobablereasonforthedeathofthemiceinAder'sexperimentwasthat .
A)thesweetenerwaspoisonoustothem
B)theirimmunesystemshadbeenalteredbythemind
C)theyhadbeenweakenedpsychologicallybythesaccharin
D)theyhadtakentoomuchsweetenerduringearlierconditioning
25.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethattheimmunesystemsofanimals .
A)canbealteredbyelectricshocks
B)canbeweakenedbyconditioning
C)canbesuppressedbydruginjections
D)canbeaffectedbyfrequentdosesofsaccharin
21.D 22.D 23.A 24.B 25.B
Thedestructionofournaturalresourcesandcontaminationofourfoodsupplycontinuetooccur,largelybecauseoftheextremedifficultyinaffixing(把……固定)legalresponsibilityonthosewhocontinuetotreatourenvironmentwithrecklessabandon(放任).Attemptstopreventpollutionbylegislation,economicincentivesandfriendlypersuasionhavebeenmetbylawsuits,personalandindustrialdenialandlongdelays—notonlyinacceptingresponsibility,butmoreimportantly,indoingsomethingaboutit. Itseemsthatonlywhengovernmentdecidesitcanaffordtaxincentivesorproductionsacrificesisthereanyinitiativeforchange.Whereisindustry'sandourrecognitionthatprotectingmankind'sgreattreasureisthesinglemostimportantresponsibility?
Ifevertherewillbetimeforenvironmentalhealthprofessionalstocometothefrontlinesandprovideleadershiptosolveenvironmentalproblems,thattimeisnow.
Wearebeingasked,and,infact,thepublicisdemandingthatwetakepositiveaction.Itisourresponsibilityasprofessionalsinenvironmentalhealthtomakethedifference.Yes,theecologists,theenvironmentalactivistsandtheconservationistsservetocommunicate,stimulatethinkingandpromotebehavioralchange.However,itisthoseofuswhoarepaidtomakethedecisionstodevelop,improveandenforceenvironmentalstandards,Isubmit,whomustleadthecharge. Wemustrecognizethatenvironmentalhealthissuesdonotstopatcitylimits,countylines,stateorevenfederalboundaries.Wecannolongeraffordtobetunnelvisionedinourapproach.Wemustvisualizeissuesfromeveryperspectivetomaketheobjectivedecisions.Wemustexpressourviewsclearlytopreventmediadistortionandpublicconfusion. Ibelievewehaveathreepartmissionforthepresent.First,wemustcontinuetopressforimprovementsinthequalityoflifethatpeoplecanmakeforthemselves.Second,wemustinvestigateandunderstandthelinkbetweenenvironmentandhealth.Third,wemustbeabletocommunicatetechnicalinformationinaformthatcitizenscanunderstand.Ifwecanaccomplishthesethreegoalsinthisdecade,maybewecanfinallystopenvironmentaldegradation,andnotmerelyholditback.Wewillthenbeabletospendpollutiondollarstrulyonpreventionratherthanonbandages.
26. Wecaninferfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthattheindustrialistsdisregardenvironmentalprotectionchieflybecause .
A)itisdifficultforthemtotakeeffectivemeasures
B)timehasnotyetcomeforthemtoputdueemphasisonit
C)theyarereluctanttosacrificetheirowneconomicinterests
D)theyareunawareoftheconsequencesofwhattheyaredoing
27. Themaintasknowfacingecologists,environmentalactivistsandconservationistsis .
A)toarousepublicawarenessoftheimportanceofenvironmentalprotection
B)topreventpollutionbylegislation,economicincentivesandpersuasion
C)toimprovethequalityoflifebyenforcingenvironmentalstandards
D)totakeradicalmeasurestocontrolenvironmentalpollution
28.Theword“tunnelvisioned”(Line2,Para.4)mostprobablymeans“ ”.
A)narrowminded C)abletoseeonlyoneaspect
B)shortsighted D)blindtothefacts
29. Whichofthefollowing,accordingtotheauthor,shouldplaytheleadingroleinthesolutionofenvironmentalproblems?
A)Thecooperationofecologists,environmentalactivistsandconservationists.
B)Theeffortsofenvironmentalhealthprofessionals.
C)Theindustry'sunderstandingandsupport.
D)Legislationandgovernmentintervention.
30. Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothelastparagraph?
A)Moremoneyshouldbespentinordertostoppollution.
B)Environmentaldegradationwillbestoppedbytheendofthisdecade.
C)Ordinarycitizenshavenoaccesstotechnicalinformationonpollution.
D)Effortsshouldbeexertedonpollutionpreventioninsteadofonremedialmeasures.
26.C 27.A 28.C 29.B 30.D
Britishuniversities,groaningundertheburdenofahugeincreaseinstudentnumbers,arewarningthatthetraditionofafreee
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