现在完成时.docx
- 文档编号:3803411
- 上传时间:2022-11-25
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:15
- 大小:26.44KB
现在完成时.docx
《现在完成时.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《现在完成时.docx(15页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
现在完成时
现在完成时
篇一:
现在完成时的句型、用法及例句
现在完成时
一.构成
助动词have/has+过去分词
例:
肯定句Ihaveworked.Hehasworked.
否定句Ihavenot(haven't)worked.Hehasnot(hasn't)worked.疑问句Haveyouworked?
Hasheworked?
回答Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven't.Yes,hehas./No,hehasn't.
二.功能及意义
1.但没有具体的过去时间修饰。
常由下列副词修饰:
ever曾经,never从不,already已经,yet还(未),(yet只用在否定句和疑问句中),just刚刚,recently,lately近来,sofar迄今为止=untilnow,uptonow,before以前
例:
HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?
你曾经去过长城吗?
Ihaveneverheardofsuchaman.我从没有听说过那个人。
Wehavejusthadlunch我们刚刚吃过午饭
Ihavealreadyreturnedyourmoney.我已经把钱还给你了。
Ihaven'tfoundmybookyet.(否)我还没有找到笔记本
Haveyoudoneyourhomeworkyet?
(疑)你做作业了吗?
Haveyouheardfromhimrecently?
你最近收到他的来信了吗?
Sofar,noonehasmadeanymistakesyet.迄今为止还没有人犯错误Ihavenevertraveledbyplanebefore.我以前从来没有乘飞机旅行过
2表示一个动作发生在过去,一直持续到现在刚刚结束或者仍在继续。
常常与下列时间状语连用:
→for+一段时间
IhavelearnedEnglishfor8years
→since+过去的一个时间点
IhavelearnedEnglishsince2019
→since+一段时间+ago
IhavelearnedEnglishsince8yearsago
→since+时态为一般过去时的时间状语从句
IhavelearnedEnglishsinceIwas5yearsold
→inthepast/last+时间段
WehavehadtwoEnglishexamsinthepasttwomonths近两个月来我们进行了2次英语考试
Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepasttenyears近十年来我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。
三延续性动词与短暂性动词的用法
?
现在完成时中,与一段时间连用时应注意句中的谓语动词须是延续性动词,非延续性动词不可和一段时间连用。
我离开这所学校已经八年了。
误:
Ihaveleftthisschoolforeightyears(×)
他借用我的词典已经两天了
误:
Hehasborrowedmydictionaryfortwodays(×)
?
非延续动词与一段时间连用时,可做相应转化
因此?
中例句正确形式分别为
我离开这所学校已经八年了。
正:
Ihavebeenawayfromthisschoolforeightyears(√)
他借用我的词典已经两天了
正:
Hehaskeptmydictionaryfortwodays(√)
其它非延续性动词与时间段连用时的变形
buy→haveborrow→keep,
fallasleep→beasleepleave→beaway
begin→beondie→bedead,
join→bein或beamemberofreturn→beback
come/arrive→beingetup→beup,
marry→bemarriedcatchacold→haveacold
?
在否定句中短暂性动词可与段时间连用
Ihaven'tgonetoseehimforseveralmonths(我已经好几个月没有去看他了)Ihaven'tboughtanythingfortwomonths
四区分
?
havebeento+地点;表示去过某个地方(已经回来),常与ever,never,几次,等连用
?
havegoneto+地点:
表示到地方去了(还没回来)
?
havebeenin+地点:
表示到了某个地方(多久了),常与for+段时间连用
比较:
HehasbeentoChinatwice(曾经去过,现在不在中国)
HehasgonetoChina他到中国去了.(他可能已在去中国的路上,或已到中国,总之,现在不在这里)
HehasbeeninChinafortwoyears(他到中国已经两年了)
五对完成时的提问用howlong.....?
不能用when...?
六现在完成时常用句型
1Itisthefirst/secondtime....that....结构中的从句部分,用现在完成时
ItisthefirsttimethatIhavevisitedthecity
这是我第一次参观这座城市
Itisthethirdtimethattheboyhasbeenlate
这是这个男生第三次迟到了
2Thisisthe...that..结构,that从句要用现在完成时
ThisisthebestfilmthatI've(ever)seen
这是我看过的最好的电影
ThisisthefirsttimethatI'veheardhimsing
这是我第一次听他唱歌
3Itis/Ithasbeen+时间段+since...
Ithasbeen/It's5yearssincewelastmet.
自从上一次我们相遇到现在已经是五年了
It's/Ithasbeen3monthssincethemandied那人死去3个月了
4一段时间+完成时结构+since引导的时间状语从句
TwoyearshaspassedsinceIcamehere.
七现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调的是现在的情况,所以它不能和表示过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday,lastnight,threeweeksago,in1998等。
而一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态,和现在不发生联系,它可以和表示过去的时间状语连用
Ihaveseenthefilm我看过这部电影(我了解这部电影的内容)
Isawthefilmlastweek我上周看了这部电影(只说明shangxingqi
篇二:
现在完成时-教学设计(全英文超详细)
Ⅰ.Teachingaims:
1.Knowledge:
a.Thestructureofthepresentperfecttense.
b.Theusagesofpresentperfecttense.
2.Ability:
a.Enablestudentstousethecorrecttenseintheirwritingandspeaking.
b.Enablestudentstousetherightwordsinthepresentperfecttense.
3.Feelingsandattitude:
a.LetthestudentsknowtheimportanceofEnglishgrammar.
b.Trytobuildupstudents’confidenceinthemselves
c.EncouragestudentstospeakEnglishinpublic.
Ⅱ.ImportantPoints:
a.letthestudentsunderstandstheusagesofpresentperfecttense.
b.Thedifferencesbetweenpastsimpletenseandpresentperfecttense.
Ⅲ.DifficultPoints:
Helpstudentsusepresentperfecttensewithverbstodescribeeventshappenataparticularpointintimeandtodescribeeventsthatcancontinueoveraperiodoftime.
Ⅳ.Teachingmethodology:
TheNewSeniorEnglishCurriculumStandardsaimseducationforallstudentsandstressedquality-orientededucation.Themaintaskofeducationistostimulateandcultivatestudents’interestandtheirconfidenceinlearningthelanguage,helpthemdevelopgoodlearninghabitsandformeffectivelearningstrategies,facilitateautonomyandcooperativespiritinlearning;enablestudentstomasterbasicEnglishlanguageknowledgeandskillsinlistening,speaking,readingandwriting.
Accordingtothenewstandards,thestudentsshouldbethecenteroftheclassandtheteacherservesasacontroller,organizer,participant,orresource-providermosttimes.Consideredwiththecharacteristicoftheteachingcontentsandthelearners,Iwillapplyexplanationandpracticinginmyteaching.Mostoftheusageswillbesummarizedbystudentsthemselves.
Ⅴ.Teachingaids
Acomputer,aprojector,blackboard,chalks
Ⅵ.Teachingprocedures:
Step1.Revision&lead-in(2min)
1.Invitestudentstoreadsentencesusingpresentperfecttensetheyhavefoundbeforetheclass.
S1:
I’veseenquitealotofChina.
S2:
I’vevisitedsomebeautifulcities.
S3:
Theyhavejustcompletedit.
S4:
...
2.Showsomesentencesontheboard.
1).Theyhaveputupalotofhigh-risebuildingsrecently.
2).Mywife’sjustboughtabeautifuldressfromoneoftheshopsthere.
3).It’sgotsomereallyprettyparks.
4).Afriend’stoldmeaboutanicefishrestaurant.
Step2.Presentperfecttense
1.Thestructureofpresentperfecttense.
Afterreadingthesesentences,askstudentstofindthestructureofthesesentenceswithpresentperfecttense.
1).have/has+done
2).have/has+not+done
3).Have/has+been+done
2.Theusageofpresentperfecttense
Playtheflash(apigandhismom),andtellstudentstorecallthemainusagesofthistense.
Q:
thestoryhappensinthepast,butthepigandhismomusepresentperfecttensetodescribeit,canyoutellmethereason?
Drawatimelineontheblackboard:
1).Usage1:
“完成用法”
①强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,常用状语有:
already,yet,never,ever,just,before...
E.g.1.Ihavejustcleanedmyhands.
E.g.2.Ihavelostmywallet.
E.g.3.Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.Iamfree.
②Showthefollowingsentencesandhavestudentssummarizethedifferencebetweenthepastsimpletenseandpresentperfecttense.
Hehasalreadyreadthatbook.(说明他现在知道那本书的内容)
Hereadthatbooklastyear.(只说明他去年读过那本书)
HehasgonetoAmerica.(他现在不在此地,在美国)
HewenttoAmericaeightweeksago.(只说明他去过美国)
summary:
一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,与现在情况无关,常用时间状语为yesterday,lastyear,inthepast等,而现在完成时与现在有关。
③showtwopicturesandguidestudentstodescribethemwithpresentperfecttense.
E.g.1.Hehasjustlosthisjob.
E.g.2.Shehasjustgottheletter.
2).Usage2:
“未完成用法”
表动作或状态已开始,持续到现在,可能还会继续进行下去,常用时间状语since+时间段ago/时间点/从句,for+时间段,sincethen,eversince,sofar,uptonow.
E.g.1.Ihavelivedheresince2019.
E.g.2.IhavestudiedEnglishforsevenyears.
E.g.3.Uptothepresenteverythinghasbeensuccessful.
E.g.4.Hehasstayedheresince5hoursago.
Step3.Twokindsofverbs
1.Thedefinitions
1).Leadinthispartbyaskingstudentsaquestion:
Q:
thepigsaid“It’sdiedforacoupleofdays”first,thenhechangeditto“It’sbeendeadforacoupleofdays”,doyouknowthereasonwhythefirstsentenceiswrong?
现在完成时的未完成用法只适用于延续性动词,短暂性动词的现在完成时的肯定式不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。
2).Showtwogroupsofwordsandleadstudentstogetthedefinitions.
①短暂性动词:
表示短暂的运动状态(瞬间完成或延续时间很短的动词).(start,begin,come,go,leave,arrive,reach,join,marry,open,close,give,lend,borrow,finish,break,see,hear,notice,find,understand,die...)
②延续性动词:
表示持续的行为或状态的动词,能和表示一段时间的状语连用.(be,keep,have,live,study,work,teach,stay,read,play,fly,talk,rain,run...)
2.Replacementofthesetwokindsofverbs
Helpstudentsknowthecorrespondingverbofverbdescribingeventshappenataparticularpointintimewithagroupofcorrectionexercises.
1)Shehasboughtthecomputerfortwoyears.(buy---have)
2)AnnhasgonetoChinasincesixmonthsago.(come/goto---bein;leave---beaway)
3)Mybrotherhasjoinedthearmyforfiveyears.(join---bein/amemberof)
4)Ihaveborrowedthedictionarysince3daysago.(borrow---keep)
5)Thefilmhasbegunfor10minutes.(begin/start---beon)
6)Thematchhasfinishedforhalfanhour.(finish---beover)
7)Hisdoghasdiedfortwoyears.(die---bedead;marry---bemarried)
Step4.Exercises
Showtheexercisesontheboardandhavestudentsdothemtogether.
1.Theoldworker_____inourfactoryfor30years.
A.hadworkedB.hasworkedC.workedD.works
2.It___tenyearssincethey____toFrance.
A.was;movedB.was;havemovedC.is;hasmovedD.is;moved
3.---Howareyoutoday?
---Oh,I____asillasIdotodayforaverylongtime.
A.didn’tfeelB.wasn’tfeeling
C.don’tfeelD.haven’tfelt
4.Itisthethirdtimeyou__latethisweek.
A.hadarrivedB.arrivedC.havearrivedD.arearriving
5.we_____morethan3000treesinthepastthreeyears.
A.plantB.PlantedC.hadplantedD.haveplanted
6.Mr.Wangisn'there.He_____thestationtoseehisfriendoff.
A.hasbeeninB.hasbeento
C.hasgoneinD.hasgoneto
7.---___TomandLucy___married?
---Foraboutthreeyears.
A.Howlonghave;been
B.Howlonghave;got
C.Howlongwere;being
D.Howlongdid;get
Step5.Summary&homework
1.Summary.
Afterfinishingtheexercises,letseveralstudentsstandupandrepeatwhattheyhavelearnedthisclass,thenifnecessary,theteacheraddssomethingtheymissed.
2.Homework
Completetheactivi
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 现在完成时