广州上海牛津版英语七年级下重点语法及练习.docx
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广州上海牛津版英语七年级下重点语法及练习.docx
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广州上海牛津版英语七年级下重点语法及练习
广州英语-上海牛津版-七年级下-重点语法
Unit1 Making Friends
would like to do”表示“想做„„” = want to do E.g. I would like/want to play basketball.我想
打篮球。
Playing chess是动词-ing短语,用在is后面作表语 动词-ing短语还可以作主语 enjoy + doing形式 finish, keep, practise等+doing sth. work as——从事„工作
E.g. He worked as a bus driver when he was 20. He is keen on running. be in glasses = be weari
ng glasses 意思是“戴着眼镜”=I am wearing glasses
舞者dance + r 演员act + or 招待员wait + er 工程师engine + er 表示“参加某一组织”,“代表某一队伍”时,常用介词on
one of + superlative(最高级)+ n.(plural)(名词复数),表示„中最(怎么样)的之一 E.g. Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China. 不定冠词a & an 当第一次提及某人或某物时,在名词前使用a或an
当以辅音音素开头的单词时,前面用a E.g. a house, a useful book 当以元音因素开头的单词时,前面用an E.g. an apple, an hour
定冠词the
当我们在次提及到某人或某物时,在名词前用the
在表示独一无二的事时要用the
国家名和地名前面不用the,例外:
the UK, the USA play the guitar, play volleyball 乐器前加the,球类前不加the
序数词前加the,三餐前不加the,指一家人前加the many + C.修饰可
数名词 much + U. 修饰不可数名词
at the beginning of在„的开始 at the end of在„的末尾 in the middle在„中
间
why not + do sth. = why don’t you do sth.
Unit2 Our Daily Life
单数概念:
one„the other„两者中的一个,另一
个 E.g. I have two brothers. One is a doctor, and the other is a teacher.
单数概念:
one„another„三者或三者中的一个,另一个 复数概念:
some„other + n.(pl.)一些„,另一些„(无明确范围)
E.g. Some students come from Yuexiu, some are from Baiyun and others are from Panyu.
复数概
念:
some„the other + n.(pl.)一些„,另一些„(有明确范围)
E.g. There are nine apples on the table. Some are red, the others are green. 一般现在时
频率副词通常位于:
be动词,助动词,情态动词的后面,行为动词的前面。
sometimes还可以位于
句首。
一般现在时表示经常发生的动作或经常存在的状态、日常行为习惯或客观事实等。
谓语
动词是be动词的变化:
否定句:
主语 + be + not +其它 一般疑问句:
be +主语+其它 特殊疑问句:
疑问词+一般疑问句?
谓语动词是行为动词的变化:
主语+行为动词原型(+其它当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时,要在行为动词后加“-s”或“-es”
否定句:
主语+don’t(doesn’t)+动词原型(+其它) 一般疑问句:
Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它 特殊疑问句:
特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?
动词第三人称单数形式的构成:
1. 一般的动词后面直接加-s,如:
walk→walks
2. 以-s, -x, -sh或-ch结尾的动词后加-es,如:
discuss→discusses 3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,变y为i再加-es,如:
study→studies 4. 特殊变化,如:
do→does
with+身体特征,经常用来描述一个人的动作、体态特征、外貌或身上的装饰品 E.g. the girl with big eyes, the boy with his hands on his head
be in+颜色+衣服表示穿着什么颜色的衣服 E.g. be in the blue T-shirt, be in the white shirt Unit3 Troubles
interesting、exciting通常用来描述事物 interested、excited通常描述人
keep意为“保持”,连系动词。
后跟形容词构成系表结构。
表示“保持某种状态”。
类似用法的连系动词
还有feel, become等 E.g. feel hot, become more beautiful 一般过去时
表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态,一般与表示过去的时间状语连用。
规则动词的过去式变化方式:
1. 一般的动词后面加-ed 2. 以-e结尾的动词后面加-d
3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i,再加-ed
4. 以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed be→was/were bring→brought buy→bought can→could come→came do→did drive→drove fall→fell get→got give→gave go→went hear→heard know→knew meet→met leave→left put→put ride→rode run→ran say→said see→saw speak→spoke stand→tood steal→stole take→took teach→taught wear→wore
-ed发音规则:
清辅音后发/t/,浊辅音、元音后发/d/, t、d后发/id/
E.g. asked turned argued started ended fewer and fewer friends朋友越来越少 less and less money钱越来越少
Unit4 Hobbies
all的部分否定和全否定:
肯定句:
All the stars are the same. 所有的星星都是一样的。
部分否定:
Not all the stars are the same. = All stars are not the same. 全否定句:
None of the stars are the same. (none /n∧n/ 所有都不)
It’s + adj. + to do sth. 做什么事情是怎样的。
It是形式主语,真正的主语是to do sth. E.g. It’
s important to learn English well. = To learn English well is important. = Learning English well is important.
} -ed修饰人,-ing修饰物 }
few修饰可数,less修饰不可数
as well as连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词用“就远原则”,也就是跟最前边的主语保持一致。
E.g. The teacher as well as the students wants to see the film.
when从句可放在主句前或后,当位于主句之前时,句中要用逗号隔开。
when时间状语从句中,主句与从句的时态要一致。
区别except/besides和except for:
except:
指“(不包括本身在内的)除„„之外”,
“-” E.g. He gets up early every day except Sunday. besides:
指“(包括本身在内的)除„„之外”,“+” E.g. Five others were late besides me. except for:
指前后比较范围是不同类型的 E.g. Except for one old man, the bus was empty.
Unit5 Encyclopaedias
当neither„nor„连接两个主语时,主谓一致采用“就近原则”,即跟后边的那个主语保持人称和数的一
致。
E.g. Neither you nor she is wrong. Neither she nor you are wrong.
a number of“许多的;大量的”,=many,修饰可数名词复数,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
E.g. A number of students are playing on the playground. Countable & Uncountable Noun可数与
不可数名词:
单数 复数 近 this这个 these这些 远 that那个 those那些
修饰可数名词:
不定冠词(a, an),数词many, (a)few, several, a number of 修饰不可数名词:
much, (a)little, a great deal of 共同的:
some, all, a lot of, lots of 可数名词复
数的构成方法:
1. 一般在名词后加-s:
dog→dogs
2. 以s, x, sh, ch结尾的名词加-es:
watch→watches
3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的名词改y为i再加es:
country→countries 4. 以o结尾的名词,加-s或-es:
potato→potatoes, tomato→tomatoes 5. 以f, fe结尾的名词,改f, fe为v加-es:
knife→knives 6. 需要记忆的特殊复数形式
复合词的复数:
改中心词为复数 girl student→girl students
一张纸a piece of paper,一条建议a piece of advice,一条新闻a piece of news,一支粉笔a piece of chalk,一瓶墨水a bottle of ink,一碗米饭a bowl of rice,一杯啤酒a glass of beer,一公斤盐a kilo of salt
一.单选题
1.---CanItalktoyouforaminute,Bob?
---Sure,Ihave_______time.
A.afewB.littleC.fewD.alittle
2.Neitheranimalsnorplantscanliveonthemoonbecausethereis_______airorwateronit.
A.enoughB.fewC.noD.little
3.---_______doesthenicecoatcost?
---Onlythirtydollars.
A.HowmanyB.HowmuchC.HowfewD.Howlittle
4.---Igotaletterfrommyfriendbuttherewasn't_______news.
A.manyB.muchC.fewD.little
5.LasttimeIwasn't_______intheexam.Imadealotofmistakes.
A.carefulenoughB.enoughcarefulC.carefullyenoughD.enoughcarefully
6.Thoughhehasalotofmoney,hehas_______friends.Sohealwaysfeelslonely.
A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle
7.IamafraidtheT-shirtis_______expensive.Iwon'ttakeit.
A.toomuchB.muchtooC.toomanyD.manytoo
8.Thereisn't_______cookingoilleft.Couldyougoandbuy_______,dear?
A.some;someB.any;anyC.some;anyD.any;some
9.---Wouldyoulike_______?
---Yes,please..
A.somebreadsB.afewmilkC.twokiloofmeatsD.alittlewater
10.Linda,hurryup!
Thereisonly_______timeleft.
A.afewB.alittleC.fewD.little
1.反意疑问句
反意疑问句是由两部分组成的,前一部分是对事物的陈述(即陈述句),后一部分是简短的提问(即简短疑问句),中间用逗号隔开。
如果前一部分用肯定句,后一部分就用否定疑问句;如果前一部分用否定句,后一部分就用肯定疑问句。
两部分的人称和时态要一致。
其回答是用yes或no来表示。
肯定反意疑问句的回答和否定反意疑问句的回答翻译成汉语是有区别的:
1)肯定反意疑问句回答时yes和no翻译成汉语时是一致的:
例如:
"It’snew,isn’tit?
""Yes,itis."(“这是新的,对吗?
”“是,是新的。
”)
"It’snew,isn’tit?
""No,itisn't."(“这是新的,对吗?
”“不,不是新的。
”)
2)而否定反意疑问句回答时yes和no翻译成汉语时是不一致的:
如:
"Itisn'tnew,isit?
""Yes,itis."(“这不是新的,对吗?
”“不,是新的。
”)
"Itisn'tnew,isit?
""No,itisn't."(“这不是新的,对吗?
”“是,不是新的。
”)
初中英语反意疑问句练习题
1.Isupposetheshoeswilllastyouatleastoneyear,____________?
A.won’ttheyB.willtheyC.doID.don’t
2.Everyoneissurprisedatthenews,_____________?
A,isheB.aretheyC.aren’ttheyD.isnothe
3.-----Youwillcometohavedinnerwithus,won’tyou?
-----____________
A.Excuseme,Iwon’t.B.Ihaven’tbeenthere.
C.Youarewelcome.D.Yes.That’sveryniceofyou.
4.Tomisn’tahard-workingstudent,foritisthethirdtimehehasbeenlate,______________?
A.wasn’titB.hasn’titC.isn’titD.hasn’the
5.Youdon’thavetogoschoolonSundays,_____________you?
A.haveB.doC.shouldD.would
6.Idon’tthinkhehadhissupperattheschool,_____________?
A.hadheB.didheC.doID.don’tyou
7.Idon’tthinkhe’dliketotakesuchadifficultjob,__________?
A.hadheB.wouldheC.doID.don’tyou
8.Idon’tthinkherpassport’sgone,__________?
A.isitB.hassheC.doID.don’tyou
9.Dopayattentiontomyworkandkeepyoureyesopenallthetime,____________?
A.willyouB.don’tyouC.shallweD.won’twe
10.Allthedriversdislikedrivingonthenarrowroads________________?
A.don’ttheyB.don’teachofthemC.doID.don’tyou
11.Let’sgoandhaveawalk,___________?
A.doB.shallC.haven’tD.shan’t
12.Goandfetchachairforhim,___________?
A.don’tyouB.shallyouC.won’tyouD.willyou
13.Thereusedtobeashopbehindthefactory,________________?
A.didn’tthereB.usedthereC.usedn’titC.didn’tit
14.I’msurehemusthavebeensleepingatthemoment,__________?
A.aren’tIB,mustn’tC.wasn’theD.hasn’t
15.Ihadtotellthetruth,__________?
A.hadn’tIB.wouldn’tIC.didn’tID.shouldn’tI
16.-------WhyisTomabsentnow?
-------Hemustbesick,________________?
A.isn’theB.mustheC.isheD.mustn’the
17,He’dliketohavealookatyourpicture,_________-he?
A.hadn’tB.didn’tC.couldn’tD.wouldn’t
18.Youdon’tthinkhewillcome,_________?
A.doyouB.willyouC.willheD.won’the
19.Let’sgohome,shallwe?
_________.
A.That’sright.B.That’sallC.That’sallrightD.Allright
20.Jackhaddinnerwithhismotherathomeyesterday,
A.didB.doesC.didn’tD.hadn’t
21.LetJohnfinishtheworkallbyhimself,___________?
A.shallweB.willyouC.doyouD.dowe
22.Idon’tthinkitisgoingtorain,_____________it?
A.doIB.doyouC.isD.isn’t
23.Nothingtheboydidwasright,_______it?
A.wasB.didC.wasn’tC.didn’t
24.It’sthefirsttimethatshehasbeentotheUnitedStates,____________?
A.isn’tsheB.isn’titC.hasn’tsheD.hasn’tit
25.Hewashardlyabletostandonhisfeetafterthecaraccident,__________he?
A.couldB.couldn’tC.wasD.wasn’t
26.Jackseldomgoestothepark,_______________?
A.doesheB.doesn’theC.doesJackD.doesn’tJack
27.Peopleusetagquestion(反意疑问)becausetheyarenotsureofwhattheyhavesaid_____________they?
A.doB.didC.didn’tD.don’t
28.Everyonewantstobechosenforthework,____________?
A.isn’theB.doesheC.don’ttheyD.dothey
29.Sheisgoingtoseeyou,_________she?
A.isn’tB.isC.don’tD.doesn’t
30.Theyusedtoliveinthesemountainareas,_____________they?
A.didB.didn’tC.usedD.weren’t
31.Heoughttogobyplane
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