初二上 unit9 知识点讲解.docx
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初二上 unit9 知识点讲解.docx
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初二上unit9知识点讲解
初二上unit9知识点讲解
一.单词讲解
1.advisev建议
1)advisedoingsth建议做某事(doing做______语)
2)advisesbtodosth建议某人做某事(todo做______语)
※advicen.建议(不可数,和piece连用)→apieceofadvice
1)givesbsomeadviceonsth在某事上给某人提供一些建议
2)hearone`sadvice听取某人的建议
3)followone`sadvice遵守并执行某人的建议
4)asksbforadvice向某人征求建议
5)takeone`sadvice采纳某人的建议
Eg:
IfyoufailtheEnglishtest,youcan______yourteacher_______
A.ask,foradviseB.follow,foradviceC.ask,foradvice
2.habitn.习惯习性
1)Habitissecondnature习惯成自然
2)beinthehabitof…有..的习惯
3)formthehabitof…养成…习惯
4)fall/getintoahabitof沾染…习惯
5)getoutofahabit戒除一种习惯
Eg:
他养成早起的习惯Heis_____the____________risingearly.
她有晚上学习的习惯She_____a____of______atnight.
3.success→succeed→successful→successfully
n.成功v.取得成功adj.成功的adv.成功地圆满地
※主语+succeedin+doingsth=主语+besuccessfulin+doingsth=主语+havesuccessin+doingsth=主语+dosthsuccessfully主语成功地做某事
E:
1)Wegottothetopofthemountain________2)Failureisthemotherof_______3)Mayyou________inthisnewfieldthatweneverknowabout4)Heisa________businessman
4、health→healthy/unhealthy→healthily/unhealthily
n.健康adj.健康的/不健康的adv.健康地/不健康地
Eg:
Thiskindoffoodmakesus________,weshouldeat________这种食物使我们健康,应该多吃
1)begoodforone`shealth=behealthyforsb对某人的健康有益
2)beingoodhealth身体健康
3)keep/stayhealthy保持健康4)eathealthily合理膳食
5.allowv.允许
1)allowdoingsth允许做某事(doing做______语)
2)allowsbtodosth允许某人做某事(todo做______语)
Eg:
Whatdoesthesign“NOPHOTOS”mean?
–Itmeanswedon`tallow____here.
A.takingphotosB.takephotosC.takesphotos
Eg:
Motherdoesn`tallowme_____acar.–Sheisworriedaboutmysafety.
A.todriveB.drivingC.todriving
Eg:
Areyouallowed_____thecasualclothes(便装)atschool?
-Ofcoursenot.
A.towearB.wearingC.wear
6.promisen.诺言v.承诺答应
1)keepapromise遵守或履行诺言2)breakapromise违背诺言3)promisetodosth=makeapromisetodosth答应承诺做某事4)promisesbtodosth答应某人做某事5)promisesbnottodosth答应不做某事
Eg:
Willyoupromise_____there?
–Ofcourse.
A.beingB.tobeC.be
7.favor1)n.恩惠帮助(可数)dosbafavor帮助某人2)赞同支持(不可数)infavorofsb/sth支持/赞同某人/某事
Eg.MayIaskafavorofyou?
=Willyoudomeafavor?
你愿意帮帮我的忙吗?
8.weighv.称(……的重量)→weightn.重量,体重(不可数)
1)增重gainweight=putonweight2)减肥loseweight3)称体重weighoneself4)称起来重/轻weighheavy/light(此处vi译为“称起来….”加形容词做表语)5)按重量计算byweight6)overweight超重7)underweight重量不足,缺斤短两
9.honestadj.诚实的→dishonest不诚实的→honestyn.诚实,老实(不可数)→dishonesty不诚实→honestlyadv.诚实地
1)tobehonest坦白地说2)anhonestGerman
10.diligentadj.勤奋的,用功的,孜孜不倦的→反义词lazy懒惰的
adiligentstudent/worker勤奋的学生/工人
11.balancen./v.均衡,平衡;保持平衡,权衡斟酌balancedadj.→保持/显示平衡的
1)keepone’sbalance保持平衡2)loseone’sbalance失去平衡3)abalanceddiet均衡饮食4)beoutofbalance不平衡4)balancethetwoplans把两个计划对比一下
11.favorn.帮助善意的行为1)dosbafavor=doafavorforsb=givesbahand=helpsb帮某人一个忙2)askafavorofsb=asksbforhelp=gethelpfromsb=haveafavortoasksb向某人求助3)domeafavor帮我一个忙得了吧
Eg:
MayI_____afavor_____you?
-Sure.Whatisit?
A.do,ofB.ask,ofC.ask,for
Eg:
Canyoudohimafavor?
=Canyou_____hima______?
=Canyoudoafavor___________?
Eg:
WhydoesXiaohongaskafavorofhim?
=whydoesXiaohongaskhim_____________?
二.课文理解
1.readyadj.有准备的,准备好的!
1)bereadytodosth准备做某事与bereadyforsth为…做准备,可进行同义句转换2)getready准备好,强调准备就绪
2.stayv呆,留下;保持1)stay(at)home呆在家2)stayup熬夜3)stay+adj.保持…状态4)stayawayfrom离开,避开
3.gothrough经历(困苦等)
Eg.Hesucceededafterhe_________manydifficulties.经历了许多困难之后,他成功了。
Eg.Theirbodiesare______alotofchanges____theygrow.随着长大,他们的身体要经历许多变化.
across和through“穿过通过”
※crossv穿过横穿→acrossprep穿过横穿→crossingn.十字路口
※区别:
across指横穿、横渡(马路、街道,河流等)
Through指的是从…内部穿过(如穿过森林,小河流过村庄,阳光射进窗户等)
Eg;Idon`tthinkthedogcanjump______thehoop(圈)
Becarefulwhenyougo______theroad
①TheSonghuaRiverruns______Harbin②Theyplayedcards______thenight
③Lightcomesin______thewindow
4.tryv./n.尝试试着1)trydoingsth试着或尝试做某事2)trytodosth尽力做某事→(否)trynottodosth尽力不做某事3)try/doone`sbesttodosth尽某人最大的努力做某事4)tryon试穿(宾代放中间)5)tryout实验(想法,主意等)
Eg:
Thetrainistooslow,whydon`tyoutry_____forachange?
It`sveryfast.
A.totakeaplaneB.takingaplaneC.gobyair
Eg:
I`msorryI`mlate,-Nevermind,buttry_____anymore.
A.nottolateB.notbeinglateC.nottobelate
Eg.I_____________________breakfast.翻译:
我尽量不忽略早饭
5.over+数词+名复=morethan+数词+名复…多…
Eg.AnadultunderChineselawissomeoneover18yearsold=AnadultunderChineselawissomeone________18yearsold
※another+数词+名词=数词+more+名词再来…某物
Weneedanotherfivelemons.=Weneed__________lemons.我们还需要五个柠檬
6.区别下列短语用法:
1)havebeento…去过某地(人已经回来)2)havegoneto…去了某地(人未回来)3)havebeenin+地点停留或呆在某地(和段时间连用)
Eg:
-Whereisyourfather,Eric?
Whydon`tIseehim?
-He_________________Shanghaionbusiness.Andhewillcomebackintwoweeks.
Eg:
I_________________Beijingtwice.Iwanttogothereathirdtimenextyear.
Eg:
Howlonghaveyou___________thiscity?
–Foralmosttenyears.
7.need动词,情态动词n.“需要”
1)当它是动词时,通常用在肯定句中,而且构成“主语+needtodosth”主语需要做某事
※needsb/sthtodosth需要某人做某事。
2)当它是情态动词时,通常用于否定句和疑问句中,此时need后接动词原形。
※need构成的一般疑问句的回答是Yes,主语+mustNo,主语+needn`t/don`thaveto
3)There`snoneedtodosth=youdon`tneedtodosth没有必要做某事
4)sthneeddoing=sthneedtobedone某物需要被…
5)Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.患难的朋友才是真正的朋友
6)don`thavetodosth=needn`tdosth=don`tneedtodosth没有必要做某事
Eg:
Yourhairneedscutting=Yourhairneeds___________________.
Eg:
Thereisalittlework_____,there`snoneed_____othersforhelp.
A.leave,toaskB.left,toaskC.left,asking
Eg:
Youdon`thavetogetupsoearly,forit`sSundaytomorrow.
=You_______________getupsoearly,forit`sSundaytomorrow.
8.关于不定冠词a或an的使用:
1)不定冠词a或an的使用条件:
一定是它所修饰的中心名词是可数名词单数。
而用a还是an,取决于紧挨着它后面的那个词。
Eg:
_____goodnews.Everyonecheersforher.
A.WhataB.HowC.What
2)使用原则:
一般情况下,以字母a,e,i,o,u开头的单词前用冠词an.因为这些字母的音标通常是元音。
3)特殊现象:
(1).当字母u发音是/ju:
/时,用a而不用an.例如:
usual,useful,useless,university等是辅音音素开头的单词,前面要放a..以字母un开头的形容词字母u发音是//时前用an.例如:
unhappy,unusual,unlucky等
Eg:
ReadingEnglishinthemorningis_____usefulwaytoimproveyourEnglish.
-Yes,Iagreewithyou.Ialwaysreadinthemorning
A.theB.anC.a
Eg:
一个不寻常的一天________________day.
(2)当冠词后为数字和字母时,也要看他们的音标决定用a,还是用an.。
例如:
8,11,181用an.1用an.字母a,fh,I,lm.n.o,r,s,x,用an
Eg:
一个18岁的男孩_____18-year-oldboy_____one–yearoldboy
Eg:
Youforget_____“s”intheword“scissors”A.anB.aC.the
(3)要注意一些首字母不发音的单词,这样的单词不要以首字母为参照确定冠词用a还是an.要看它们音标的第一个因素。
例如:
hour,honest,honor,European等。
Eg:
一位诚实的女孩_____honestgirl
专项练习冠词用a/an/the或零冠词填空
1.What____importantadviceMissWanggaveus!
2.Boysandgirls,pleasetreatthisexamwith____usualmind.
3.Boysandgirls!
Relaxyourselfandtake___activeworkinthinkingandwritingcarefully.
4.Igot____“A”inhistoryand____“B”inpolitics.
5.Isyourteacher___AmericanorEnglish?
6.Whichsubjectis____moreimportant,EnglishorChinese?
7.Jimis____carelessboy.Hemissed______“f”whenspellingtheworlddifficulty.
8.Boysandgirls,you’resuretomake____amazingdifferencetodayifyoutryyourbestandrelaxyourselves.
9.I’dliketohaveatripto____Europeancountryinordertoknowmoreaboutitsculture(文化).
10.Ifyou___train,youcanhavequiteacomfortablejourney,butmakesureyouget___fastone.
11.Whenyouhavestudiedfor____longtime,pleasestoptohave___goodrest.
12.Relaxandreadthepapercarefully.You’resuretoget____excellentresult.
13.Don’tbeworriedabouttheexam.Itis___easyoneandjustfinishitwithalightheart.
14.As___onlychild.Ishouldremembertheworldofthanksgivinganddosomethinggratefulforourparents
15.-Howdoyougotoschooleveryday?
-By____bus.
16.Loveisnot____one-waystreetbetweenpeople
17.-IsItaly___Europeancountry.–Yes.It’sin____southofEurope.
18.Thereis____interestingEnglishchallenge(挑战)foryou.
19.Remember“Confidence”(自信)inyourselfis___firststepontheroadtosuccess.
20.Heis___NBAplayer,namedJeremyLin.
9.stop---stopped---stopped停止组织
1)stopdoingsth停止做某事
Eg:
请大家停止工作去吃午饭吧Pleasestop______andhavelunch
2)stoptodosth停下来去做另一件事
Eg:
请大家停下来去吃午饭吧Please_____________havelunch
3)stopsb(from)doingsth=keepsbfromdoingsth=preventsb.(from)doingsth
阻止某人做某事※keepsbfromdoingsth中from一定不能省略。
在被动语态中这三个短语的from都不能省略.
4)stopby(sth)顺便造访I’llstopthesupermarketandbuysomesnacks.
10.Wouldlike=want想要想
1)wouldliketodosth=wanttodosth=feellikedoingsth想要做某事2)wouldlikesbtodosth=wantsbtodosth想要某人做某事
※在交际英语中,wouldlike构成两个委婉征求对方的句子:
1)Wouldyoulikesth?
来点…好吗?
→它的回答:
Yes,please/No,thanks.
2)Wouldyouliketodosth?
=Wouldyoucaretodosth?
你想要做某事或愿意做某事吗?
它的回答是:
肯定:
Yes,I`dlove/liketo否定:
I`msorry…/I`mafraidnot…
Eg:
Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?
Yes,_______________.No,_________
11、by的用法
1)by+交通工具=on+a/one`s+交通工具(car用介词in)乘…车
2)by+时间到…时→bytheendof+时间到…末为止(完成时,将来时)
3)作品+by+作者由…所著的作品→bewritten/inventedbysb由sb所写/发明
4)by+宾格/人名被某人(被动语态时用)
5)by=beside=near=nextto在…旁边或附近→atableforfourbythewindow
6)by+doingsth通过做某事→A.makealivingbydoingsth通过做某事谋生B.celebratesthbyhavingaparty通过举行聚会庆祝某事
※关于by的短语:
1)goby(时间)飞逝或流逝2)passby经过路过3)bytheway顺便问一下4)byoneself单独独自
Eg:
Somepsychologiststhoughtthattheycouldcuredepression______havingpatientsfocus______otherpeopl
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