初三英语复习语法知识倒装句的构成.docx
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初三英语复习语法知识倒装句的构成.docx
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初三英语复习语法知识倒装句的构成
初三英语复习语法知识:
倒装句的构成
英语语法知识:
倒装句的构成
v英语中,主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前,谓语在后。
v如果“谓语或谓语的一部分+主语”,这样的句子就叫倒装句。
倒装原因,一是语法结构上的需要(如疑问句),一是为了强调。
倒装结构分为完全倒装和部分倒装。
一、完全倒装:
将谓语动词完全移到主语前面
v1.用于therebe(lie,stand,live,seem,appear,exist,come)中。
vThereisabookandtwonotebooksonthedesk.桌子上有一本书和两个笔记本。
vTherestandsapostofficeatthecornerofthestreet.街的拐角处有一个邮局。
v2.here,now,then,out,in,up,down,off,back,away用句首
vHereisaletterforyou.
v有你一封信。
vThencamethedayofhisexamination.
v接着他考试的那天到来了。
vDownjumpedtheboyfromthewall.
v孩子从墙上跳了下来。
v但当主语是人称代词时,主谓不能倒装。
例如:
vHereshecomes.她来了。
v3.用于直接引语后面,点明说话人
v“Ifyoudie,whowillgetyourmoney?
”askedHolmes.“如果你死了,谁会得到你的钱?
”福尔摩斯问。
v如果主语是代词,或谓语含有助动词、情态动词时,则不能倒装。
例如:
v“Idon'tknowher.”Hewillsay.“我不认识她。
”他会说。
v4.为了保持句子平衡、衔接或为了强调表语或状语,可把介词短语、形容词、副词或分词提到主语前,用完全倒装语序
vAmongthemwasanengineerwhohadbeenworkingonthatobjectformanyyears.他们当中有一位多年研究那个课题的工程师。
vHecameintoabigroom,inthemiddleofwhichstoodalargetable.他来到一个大房间,房间中央有一张大桌子。
vSouthofthecityliesamiddleschool.城市南边有一所中学。
vHangingonthewallwasabeautifulpicture.一幅漂亮的画挂在墙上。
二、部分倒装:
只把助动词、情态动词或系动词放在主语之前,为部分倒装
v1.用于疑问句中
vIshereadingorplaying?
他在读书还是在写字?
v2.否定词little,notonly,notuntil,never,seldom,barely(几乎不),neverbefore,nosooner...than...,neither...nor...,nowhere,notabit,innotime用句首
vLittledidhecareabouthisownsafety,thoughhewasingreatdangerhimself.
v虽然他自己处在危险中,但他几乎不关心自己的安全。
vNotonlywasthecitypollutedbutthestreetswerecrowded.
v这城市不仅被污染了,而且街道也很拥挤。
vNeitherdoeshedrinknordoeshesmoke.
v他既不喝酒也不抽烟。
v3.在so/such...that句型中,把so/such修饰的一部分用句首,主句部分倒装
vSoshallowisthelakethatnofishcanliveinit.
v这湖这么浅,没有鱼能在里面生存。
vSuchaninterestingfilmisitthatweareallmoved.
v这是一部如此有趣的电影,以致我们大家都很感动。
v4.only+副词、介词短语、状语从句用句首
vOnlythendidItakepityonhim.只有到那时我才同情他。
vOnlywithhardworkcanyouexpecttogetapayrise.只有努力工作你才能期望加薪。
v5.so+形容词、副词用句首
vSoloudlyishespeaking.
v他讲话声音很大。
v6.so用于肯定句、nor/neither用于否定句,用句首,译为“也”。
so译为“的确”不倒装“Davidhasmadegreatprogressrecently.”“Sohehasandsohaveyou.”
v“最近大卫取得了很大进步。
”“他的确取得了很大进步,你也是。
”
v“Idon‘tthinkIcanwalkanyfurther.”“NeitherdoI.Let’sstophereforarest.”
v“我想我不能再走了。
”“我也是。
我们就在这儿停下歇一会儿吧。
”
v7.让步状语从句中,通常将名词(不带冠词)、形容词、副词、动词原形提前。
v虽然他聪明,但他学习不好。
vCleverasheis,hedoesn‘tstudywell.
v虽然我很想帮助你,但现在我很忙。
vMuchasIwouldliketohelpyou,Iambusynow.
vObjectasyoumay,I‘llgo.
v纵使你反对,我也要去。
v8.在某些表示祝愿的句子里。
vMayyoubehappy!
祝你幸福!
v9.如果虚拟条件从句中有were,had或should时,可把if省略,把条件句倒装,结构是:
Were(Should或Had)+主语
vWereIyou(=IfIwereyou),Iwouldn'tdoit.如果我是你,我不会做那件事。
vShouldshecome(=Ifsheshouldcome),tellhertocallmeup.如果她来的话,告诉她给我打电话。
v1.NotuntilIbegantowork____howmuchtimeIhadwasted.
vA.didn'tIrealizeB.didIrealize
vC.Ididn'trealizeD.Irealized
vB。
notuntil置于句首时,主句要用倒装语序,until引导的时间状语从句用正常语序。
v2.Onlybypractisingafewhourseveryday____beabletomasterthelanguage.
vA.youcanB.canyou
vC.youwillD.willyou
vD。
only置于句首修饰介词短语、副词或状语从句时,句子要用倒装语序。
v3.—DoyouknowJimquarreledwithhisbrother?
v —Idon'tknow,____.
vA.nordon'tIcareB.nordoIcare
vC.Idon'tcareneither
vD.Idon'tcarealso
vB。
nor或neither置于句首时,句子要用倒装语序,表示前面否定的内容也适合于倒装句的主语。
v4.Notonly____pollutedbutcrowded.
vA.wasthecity;werethestreets
vB.thecitywas;werethestreets
vC.wasthecity;thestreetswere
vD.thecitywas;thestreetswere
vC。
notonly...but(also)...表示“不但……而且……”,若连接两个并列分句,且notonly置于句首时,notonly后面的分句要用倒装语序,而but(also)后面的分句用正常语序。
v5.Little____abouthisownsafety,thoughhewasingreatdangerhimself.
vA.doeshecareB.didhecare
vC.hecaresD.hecared
vB。
little,not,hardly,never等含有否定意义的副词置于句首时,句子要用倒装
初三英语阅读理解训练题及答案三
(一)
MrBrownwasgoingawayforaweek.Beforeheleft,hesaidtohisson,"ifanyoneasksforme,youcantellhimthatyourfatherhasbeenoutfordoingsomething,andwillbebackinaweek,thenbesuretoaskhimtositdownforacupoftea."
"OK,Dad,"saidhisson.Buthewasafraidhissoncouldn'trememberthis,hewrotethesewordsdownonapieceofpaperandgaveittohim.Hissonputitintohissmallpocket,tookitoutandlookedatiteverynowandthen.
Fourdayspassed,butnoonecametoseehisfather.Theboythoughtthattherewasnomantocomeandthatthepieceofpaperwasofnomoreuseforhim,soheburntitthatevening.
Thenextafternoon,someoneknockedatthedoor.Theboyopenedit.Amanwasstandingatthedoorandsaid,"Whereisyourfather?
"Theboyputhishandintohispocketatonceandlookedforthepieceofpaper.Hecouldnotfindit.Hesuddenlyrememberedhehadburntit,soheshouted,"Nomore."
Themanwasverysurprised.Heasked,"Nomore?
Imetyourfatherlastweek.Whendidithappen?
"
"Burntyesterdayevening."
1.MrBrowntoldhissonthat_____.
A.hewouldbeawayfromhomeforfourdays
B.hewouldbebackinsevendays
C.hewouldbebackinamonth
D.helikedacupoftea
2.MrBrownwrotethewordsdownon________.
A.thewallB.thedoor
C.apieceofpaperD.hisson'spocket
3.Amancametovisittheboy'sfatheron________.
A.theseconddayB.thethirddayC.thefourthdayD.thefifthday
4.Themanwasverysurprisedbecause_________.
A.hethoughtthechild'sfatherwasdead
B.thechilddidn'taskhimtositdown
C.thechildgavehimacupoftea
D.hecouldn'tfindthatpieceofpaper
5.Whatwasburnt?
___________.
A.ThepieceofpaperB.MrSmithC.ThevisitorD.Theboy
KEY:
BCDAA
(二)
Oneofthethingstobelearntinaforeignlanguageisguessingallthetimewhatkindofthingtocomewhenlisteningtosomeonetalking.Peopledothisallthetimeintheirownlanguage,soitisnecessary(必要的)todothisinaforeignlanguage,too.Herearesomeexamples.
1."What'sthematter?
""Iwenttoapartylastnight,soI…"
2."Ifeelsotiredthesedays.""Ithinkyou'dbetter…"
3."Ofcourse,sheneverstopstalking.Sheisoneofthemost…"
Youcanseefromtheabovethreeexamplesthatthecontext(上下文)helpsalotinunderstandingwhatisbeingtalkedabout.So"guessing"isveryimportantinunderstandingEnglish,especially(尤其)spokenEnglish.
1.Thispassagetellsusmainlyabout_________.
A.theimportanceof"guessing"inlearningaforeignlanguage
B.howtoguesswhatoneisgoingtotalkabout
C.someexamplesofrightguessing
D.howimportantitistoguessallthetime
2.fromthecontext,wecanseemaybethefinishedanswerinEXAMPLEIis_________.
A."…soIdidn'thaveagoodtime."B."…soIwenttobedverylate."
C."….SoIfeltunhappy."D."…soIgotupveryearly."
3.MaybethefinishedanswerinEXAMPLE2is________.
A."Ithinkyou'dbetterhaveagoodrestandtakegoodcareofyourself."
B."Ithinkyou'dbetterhavesomethingtodrink."
C."Ithinkyou'dbettergetsomehelpfromyourfriends."
D."Ithinkyou'dbetterbemorecareful."
4.MaybethefinishedanswerinEXAMPLE3is______.
A."…sheisoneofthemostfamousfilmstars."
B."…sheisoneofthemostbeautifulwomen."
C."…sheisoneofthemostfamousspeakers."
D."..sheisoneofthemosttalkativewomen."
5.Fromthepassagewecaninfer(推断)thatguessingis_______inlearningaforeignlanguage.
A.theonlyway
B.moreimportantinspokenEnglishthaninwrittenEnglish
C.moreimportantthananyotherway
D.moreimportantinwrittenEnglishthaninspokenEnglish
KEY:
ABADB
(三)
UncleLiandUncleWangaregoodfriends.Theylivenexttoeachotherandtheirfarmsarebothatthefootofthemountain.Sotheycanhelpeachother.Butneitherofthemlikestousehishead.They'rebothpoorthoughtheyworkhard.Mostvillagershavebuiltnewhouses,buttheystillliveinthelowandbrokenhouses.Theyneverfindoutwhy.
OnceUncleLiwenttotowntobuysomemedicineforhiswife.Inthetownheheardtheapplesinacitywereexpensive.HetoldUncleWangaboutitassoonashewentback.Theydecidedtocarrysomeapplestothecity.Theyborrowedsomemoneyfromtheirfriendsandboughtnearly1,000kilogramsofapplesinthevillagesandcarriedthemtothecityonatractor.Badluck!
Alotofappleshasalreadybeencarriedtherewhentheyarrived.Afewdayslatertheyhadtosellthematalowprice(价格)。
Theyfeltunhappyandreturnedtotheirvillage.
"Ican'tunderstandwhywesustained(蒙受)lossesinbusinesswhileothersalwaysprofit(盈利)"UncleLiaskedoneday.
"Thetractorwastoosmall"UncleWangsaidwithoutthinking."We'llcarrymoreapplesonatrucknexttime!
"
"Iagree!
"saidUncleLi."Howfoolish(傻的)wewere!
"
1.UncleLiandUncleWangliveinthelowandbrokenhousesbecause__________.
A.theyhopetosavemoney
B.they'rebothpoor
C.theirfarmsareatthefootofthemountain
D.they'renotfarfromtheirfarms
2.Thetwofarmerscarriedtheapplestothecityto_________.
A.makeajourneyB.visitsomeplacesofinterest
C.meettheirfriendsD.makeaprofit
3.thetowfarmershadtoselltheirapplesatalowpricebecause________.
A.theirsweren'tasgoodastheothers'
B.theirsweremuchlessthantheothers'
C.alotofappleshadbeenalreadycarriedtothecity
D.theyforgottocarrythemonatruck
4.UncleLiandUncleWangwereunhappybecause_________.
A.theyhadsustainedlossesinbusiness
B.theyhadlostsomemoneyinthecity
C.somethingwaswrongwiththetractor
D.otherpeopleprofitedinthecity
5.Whichofthefollowingistrue?
A.Thetwofarmersfoundoutwhytheywerepoor.
B.Thetwofarmerswillsoongetrich.
C.Neitherofthefarmersisclever.
D.Thetwofarmersdecidedtobuyatruck.
KEY:
BDCAC
v
初二
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