上海市各区高三英语二模整理汇编阅读回答问题.docx
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上海市各区高三英语二模整理汇编阅读回答问题.docx
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上海市各区高三英语二模整理汇编阅读回答问题
(1)虹口
“Thereisasenselessconceptthatchildrengrowupandleavehomewhentheyare18,andthetruthisfarfromthat,”sayssociologistLarryBumpassoftheUniversityofWisconsin.Today,unexpectednumbersofyoungadultsarelivingwiththeirparents.
Analystsraisedavarietyofreasonsforthisreturntothenest.Oneimportantreasonisthatthemarriageageisrising,aconditionthatmakeshomeanditspleasantnessparticularlyattractivetoyoungpeople,whichissecondtoskyrocketinghousingcoststowhichyoungpeoplefindtheirwingsattached.Besides,ahighdivorcerateandadecliningremarriageratearesendingeconomicallypressedandemotionallyhurtsurvivorsbacktoparentalshelters.Forsome,theexpenseofanaway-from-homecollegeeducationhasbecomesogreatthatmanystudentsnowattendlocalschools.
Livingathome,saysKnighton,aschoolteacher,continuestogivehersecurityandmoralsupport.Hermotheragreed,“Itisridiculousforthekidstopayallthatmoneyforrent.Itmakessenseforkidstostayathome.”Butsharingthefamilyhomerequiresadjustmentsforall.Therearethequarrelsoverbathrooms,telephonesandprivacy.Somefamilies,however,managethedelicatebalancingact.Butforothers,itprovestoodifficult.MichelleDelTurco,24,hasbeenhomethreetimes—andleftthreetimes.“WhatIconsideredasocialdrink,mydadconsideredanalcoholproblem,”sheexplains.“HeneverlikedanyoneIdated,soIeitherhadtohideawaytomeetthematfriends’houses.”
Itisreallyhardtosayhowlongadultchildrenshouldlivewiththeirparentsbeforemovingon.Nevertheless,itiscommonlyrecognizedthatlengthyhomecomingsareamistakeandtheyaccidentallydestroytheadvantageofbriefvisitsthatwillstrengthentherelationshipbetweenparentsandchildren.Children,strugglingtoestablishseparateidentities,canendupwith“asenseofinadequacy,defeatandfailure.”Andagingparents,whoshouldbeenjoyingsomefinancialandpersonalfreedom,findthemselvesstuckwithresponsibilities,whichisdefinitelyastressforthem.
(Note:
AnswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinNOMORETHANEIGHTWORDS.)
78.What’sthemostimportantreasonforyoungadults’returningtothenest?
79.Knightonenjoyslivingathomedueto________.
80.WhathasresultedintheMichelleDelTurco’sunhappyexperiencewithherdad?
81.Fromthepassage,wecanconcludeitis________thatbenefit(s)bothadultchildrenandtheirparentstoavoidlengthyhomecomings.
(2)黄浦
TravelersarrivingatHeathrowairportthisyearhavebeenmetbythesmelloffreshly-cutgrass,pumpedfromacornerthroughan“aromabox”,amachinewhichblowswarm,sweet-smellingairintotheenvironment.
Heathrow’smoveinto“sensory”marketingisthelatestinalonglineofattemptsbybusinessestousesensorypsychology—thescientificstudyoftheeffectsofthesensesonourbehaviortohelpsellproducts.Marketingpeoplecallthis“atmosphere”—usingsmellstoinfluenceconsumerbehavior.OnValentine’sDaytwoyearsago,thechainofchemist’sSuperdogscentedoneofitsLondonshopswithchocolate.“Chocolateisassociatedwithlove,”saidamarketingspokeswoman,“Wethoughtitwouldgetpeopleinthemoodforromance.”Shedidnotreveal,though,whetherthesmellactuallymadepeoplespendmoremoney.
However,researchintocustomersatisfactionwithcertainscentedproductshasclearlyshownthatsmelldoeshaveacommercialeffect,thoughofcourseitmustbeanappropriatesmell.Inasurvey,customersconsideredalemon-scenteddetergent(洗涤剂)moreeffectivethananotherscentedwithcoconutdespitethefactthatthedetergentusedinbothwassimilar.Ontheotherhand,acoconut-scentedsuncreamwasratedmoreeffectivethanalemon-scentedone.AresearchgroupfromWashingtonUniversityreportedthatthesmellofmintororangesprayedinastoreresultedincustomersratingthestoreasmoremodernandmorepleasantforshoppingthanotherstoreswithoutthesmell.Customersalsoratedthegoodsonsaleasbetter,andexpressedastrongerintentiontovisitthestoreagaininthefuture.
Writersandpoetshaveoftendescribedthepowerfuleffectsofsmellonouremotion,andsmellisoftenconsideredtobethesensemostlikelytorecallemotion-filledmemories.Perhapsthereasonisbecausesmellsareverydifficulttogiveanameto.Thefactthatsmellisinvisible,andthussomehowmoremysterious,maypartlyexplainitsreputationasourmostemotionalsense.
(Note:
AnswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinNOMORETHANTENWORDS.)
78.Whatisthefunctionof“aromabox”atHeathrowairport?
79.Theexampleof“coconut-scenteddetergent”and“coconut-scentedsuncream”isusedtoshowthat__________.
80.__________isofhelpforthestoretoleaveabetterimpressiononcustomers.
81.Whatisoneofthereasonswhysmellisconsideredthemostemotionalsense?
(3)静杨青宝
Notforthefirsttime,PaulMathiswantsustochange.Butthistimeheisn’ttryingtogetustogovegetarian,ordineonlyonlocallygrowningredients.Thistimehe’stryingtogetustotypedifferently.
PaulMathis,arestaurateurfromMelbournewhoownsastringofdiningestablishments,hasdesignedtheletter“Ћ”—representingtheword“the”.NowheispushingAppletoallowhimtopromotehisapp,whichfeaturesthenewcharacter,initsiTunesstore.
Inamoveto branchout ofthefoodbusiness,PaulhasinvestedAUS$38,000(£23,500)inthenewapp,buthassofarbeenrejectedbyApple.Heishopinghecanchangetheirmind,pointingoutthatreducingtheword“the”—themostusedwordintheEnglishlanguage—toonecharacterwouldbehelpfulforTwitterandswifttyping.
“Isthisimportant?
”hesaid,inaninterviewwithTheSydneyMorningHerald.“No.Isthisgoingtochangetheworld?
Notreally.Butisitsomethingthatmightbeusefulforpeople?
Ithinkso,becauseitcansavepeoplelotsoftimeonkeyboard.”
“Theword‘and’isonlythefifth-mostusedwordinEnglishandithasitsownsymbol—theampersand‘&’,”saidMr.Mathis.“Isn’tittimewegavethesamerespectto‘the’?
”
ThetopfivemostcommonlyusedwordsintheEnglishlanguagearesaidtobe:
the,be,to,of,and“and”.Theampersand“&”hasattimesbeenusedasthe27thletteroftheEnglishalphabet.
Paulhasdevelopedthetypography—effectivelyanupper-case“T”andalower-case“h”bunchedtogethersotheysharetheuprightstem—and anappthatputsitineveryone’shand byallowinguserstodownloadanentirelynewelectronickeyboardcompletenotjustwithhissymbolbutalsoarowofkeysof15mostfrequentlytypedwords.
Sofar,though,thetake-uphasbeenminimal.ButthatmightchangeifhecangethisinnovationintoApple’sappstore.Theproblemis,theCaliforniantechgianthassofarresistedhisadvances.Butwhoknows—maybein500years’timepeoplewillbeamazedthattherewasatimewhenwedidn’tuse‘Ћ’.
(Note:
AnswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinNOMORETHANTWELVEWORDS)
78.WhatisPaulMathis?
__________________________________________________________________________
79.Pauldesignsthenewletter“Ћ”torepresenttheword“the”becausehethinks__________________________________________________________________________.
80.Themaindifferencebetweenthenewandtheoldelectronickeyboardisthatthenewone__________________________________________________________________________.
81.HowcanPaulattractmorepeopletodownloadhisnewkeyboard?
__________________________________________________________________________
(4)浦东
NowmanypeoplestrivetobeafolloweroftheLOHASmovement.LOHASmeans“lifestylesofhealthandsustainability.”Thistermwascoinedin2000bytwoAmericanscholars.
Loha
siansbelieveinleadingahealthylifestylethatisactively
involvedinpreservingtheearth’senvironmentandresources.AccordingtoLohasians,respectforon’eownmentalandphysicalhealthshouldexistinparallelwithcarefortheearth’secology.Theybelievetheiractions,inthisway,canhaveapositiveeffectonourglobalenvironment,andmightbeabletominimizethenegativeeffectsofpeople’smindlessandselfishconsumption.
Takeorganicfoodsforexample.Lohasianspreferthem,notonlybecausetheyarechemical-freeandgoodforthehumanbody,butalsobecausetheyarecultivatedusingnaturalfertilizers,whichdonotharmthesoil.EvenmoreLohasiansturntolocallygrownproduce,thetransportationofwhichconsumesfarlessthanthatofimportedgoods.Asglobalwarminghasbecomeauniversalconcern,Lohasiansareanxioustofindwaystocutdownonenergyconsumption.
Indeed,Lohasiansarealwaysconsideringthelong-termimpactoftheirbehaviorontheplanet.AsmoreconsumersareadoptingLOHASvalues,thisgrowingtrendhasdawnedonthecorporateworldandtheybegintopracticeresponsiblecapitalism,whichmeansprovidinggoodsandservicesusingenvironmentallyfriendlyandeconomicallysustainablebusinesspractices.Forinstance,Coca-Cola’seffo
rts
intheareaofsustainablepackagingfocusmainlyon“usingandreduceitsimpactontheenvironment.Asaresult,thecompanysaved89,000metrictonsofglassin2007alone,and,therefore,reducedcarbondioxideemissionstoalevelequivalenttothatoftheplantingofmorethan13,000acresoftrees.
Clearly,LOHASvalueshavebecomeasignificanttrendintheworldtoday.Individualorcorporate“culturalcreatives”arepromotingthesevaluesbychallengingoldtraditionsandhabits,andbuildingnewlifestyles.Althoughwhetherthesepracticeswillbringimmediatebenefitstotheenvironmentandthehealthofpeopletodayremainsunknown,Lohasiansarec
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