中西国家传统节日的对比.docx
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中西国家传统节日的对比.docx
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中西国家传统节日的对比
ASweallknow,differentcountrieshavedifferenteatinghabitesandcustomes,TodayIwilltellyouthedifferenceaboutChinaandwesterncountries.andIwilllistChinaandtwowesterncountries(AmericaandFrance).
●Tablemanners
CHINA
InChina,It’sverynecessarytolearntablemannersinChina.ThemaindifferencebetweenChineseandwesterneatinghabitsisthatunliketheWest,whereeveryonehastheirownplateoffood,inChinathedishesareplacedonthetableandeverybodyshares.IfyouarebeingtreatedbyaChinesehost,bepreparedforatonoffood.Chineseareveryproudoftheircultureofcuisineandwilldotheirbesttoshowtheirhospitality.AndsometimestheChinesehostusetheirchopstickstoputfoodinyourbowlorplate.Thisisasignofpoliteness.Theappropriatethingtodowouldbetoeatthewhatever-it-isandsayhowyummyitis.Ifyoufeeluncomfortablewiththis,youcanjustsayapolitethankyouandleavethefoodthere.
◆Eating
Don'tstickyourchopsticksuprightinthericebowl.Instead,laythemonyourdish.Thereasonforthisisthatwhensomebodydies,theshrinetothemcontainsabowlofsandorricewithtwosticksofincensestuckuprightinit.Soifyoustickyourchopsticksinthericebowl,itlookslikethisshrineandisequivalenttowishingdeathuponapersonatthetable!
Don'ttaponyourbowlwithyourchopsticks.Beggarstapontheirbowls,sothisisnotpolite.Also,whenthefoodiscomingtooslowinarestarant,peoplewilltaptheirbowls.Ifyouareinsomeone'shome,itislikeinsultingthecook.
◆Drinking
GanBei!
(Cheers!
“GanBei”literallymeans“dry[the]glass”)Besidesbeer,theofficialChinesealcoholicbeverageisBaiJiu,high-proofChineseliquormadefromassortedgrains.TherearevaryingdegreesofBaiJiu.TheBeijingfavoriteiscalledErGuoTou,whichisawhopping56%alcohol.MoreexpensiveareMaotaiandWuliangye
AMERICA
Americansdonotusesilverwareforeatingbread.Theyholditintheirfingers,usuallybreakingitfirst.OtherthingsthatAmericanseatwiththeirfingersarecornonthecob,celery,radishes,andolives.InAmericaapersondoesnoteatlettucethatway,norpickupasoupbowltodrinkwhatremainsathebottom.Ifforanyreasonaguesthastoleavethetableduringameal,heorsheshouldaskthehostess,"Wouldyoupleaseexcusemeforaminute?
"Whenthemealisfinished,theguestsputtheirnapkinsonthetableandrise.Guestsdonotfoldtheirnapkinsintheoriginalfoldsunlesstheyarehouseguestsandintendtostayformorethanonemeal.
Followingdinner,guestsusuallystayfortwoorthreehous,butthethoughtfulpersoniscarefulnottooverstayhisorherwelcome.Thehoustandhostessmayurgeaguesttostaylongerinordertobepolite,butmostdinnerpartiesbreakupatabout11o'clock.Astheguestsleave,itisthecustomtothankthehostessforaverypleasantevening.Onemaysayanythingthatexpressesappreciation.Commonexpressionsare:
"Good-bye.Itwassoniceofyoutohaveme,"or"Good-bye.Itsbeenathoroughlyenjoyableevening,"or"Thankyou.I'vehadaverynicetime."Forlargerfavorsthanadinnerparty,suchasanovernightorweekendvisit,itiscustomarytosendathank-younote.
FRANCE
(TablemannersFrancebogeyseven)
1,themostbasicprinciplesofthetablewareusedbyoutsidetoinside,thecompletionofapost-servedishesclosetothetableware,asnecessary,orwillmakeupanotherknifeandfork.
2,whentheMeat(suchassteak)shouldstartcuttingcorners,finishedafurthercutoffapiece.Donoteatorencounteredsomeofthesidedishes,itjustmovedtothesidedish.
3,ifthereissomethingtospitouthismouth,lipsDidaoshouldtakeaforkoryourfingersout,andthenmovedtotheedgeoftheplate.Thewholeprocessshouldnotbecitedasmuchaspossibletopayattentiontootherpeople,afterthemealcanbenaturally.
4,encounteredaclassofbeansorriceforgarnish,youcanforklefthandofhorizontalonesonthedisc,upasharpfork,knifeandthentothericeorbeansintoforkQingbothatwecan.Forseasoning,butalsonotbeabletoobtainhand,mayrequireyoutotheotherside,donotgotostandupandtakedown.
5,tocleanhandsaftereatingMozuiavoidrubbingvigorouslywithnapkins,napkinwithattentiontothedeportmentoftheicebergandIndiatogentlyonthelipsorfingerscanbegreasy.6,evenifthestoolmorecomfortablesittingshouldmaintainintegrityandnottorelyonbackabove.Eatingwhenthebodycanbealittleforwardon,thearmsshouldbeclosetothebodysoasnottohitnextdoor.
7,eachfinishedDiecai,suchasknifeandforktoreleasefoursides,ortofightcross-leavearound,veryugly.Therightwayistodischargetheplateandknifeandfork,theforkupteeth.
●Typicalfoodforcertainfestivalsandreligiouscustoms
CHINA
✧SpringFestival
TheSpringFestivalisknownasthemostimportantFestivalinChina.Duringtheholiday,peoplegobacktohometownfromeverywherenomatterhowfarthedistanceis.TheypreparevariousdeliciousfoodandpresentsfortheSpringFestivalEve.ChinesewillhaveahappyfamilyunionintheSpringFestivalEve,theybelievethat’stheenddayoflastyearandtheywillstayupforgoodluckuntilthefirstdayofnextyear.
InChina,themosttraditionalandpopularSpringFestivalfoodisdumpling,whichlookslikethemoonwithvegetablesandmeatmixedinit.TheChinesenameofdumplingis“JIAOZI”,”JIAO”means”cross”,”ZI”isChinesetraditionaltimerepresents“24:
00”,sotheChineseword“JIAOZI”means“cross24:
00”,justthedividingpointoflastyearandnextyear.Sowhenitcomesto24:
00,everyfamilybeginseatingdumplings.
✧TheLanternFestival(元宵节)
TheLanternFestivalisJanuary15onthelunarcalendar.ThelunarJanuaryisthefirstmonthofayearand15thisthefirstdayoffullmoon.ThetraditionalfoodforLanternFestivalisriceglueball.Riceglueballisaflavorballwithfillinginit,forexample,peanutfilling,sesamefillingandjamfilling…,thericeglueball’sshapeisjustlikethefullmoonappearsinthesky.Thiskindofdessertisespeciallywelcomedbychildren.
✧Mid-AutumnDay(中秋节)
Mid-autumnDayisAugust15thonlunarcalendar.Accordingtohistoryrecords,ChineseemperorhastraditionthatworshiptheSuninspringandworshiptheMooninautumn.Asaugust15thisexactlythemiddleofautumn,soitiscalledMid-AutumnDay.
ThetraditionalfoodofMid-AutumnDayisMooncake,aroundbakedcakewithfillingsinit.Theroundshapeofmooncakerepresentsfamilyreunion.InthenightofMid-AutumnDay,everyfamilyhasmooncakeandwatchesthemoon.
Westerncountries
✧ThanksgivingDay
ThanksgivingDayisauniqueAmericanfesitval,whichstartedin1621,andin1863,PresidentLincolntohispositionofnationalholidayandmadeeachyearthefourthThurdayoftheNovemberintheU.S.istheThanksgivingDay!
ThanksgivingshouldalwaysbetracedbacktotheoriginofthehistoryoftheUnitedStatesoftheoriginator
OneveryThanksgivingday,theUnitedStatescrowdednation,accordingtothecustomstothechurchtodoThanksgivingprayer,urbanandruraltownseverywheremake-updemonstrations,theatricalperformancesorsportingevents,andsoon.Toseparatethepro-peopleayearwillbefarapartfromthereturn,thefamilylosttheround,andtastedeliciousThanksgivingturkey.Thanksgiving'straditionalfoodsrichfeatures.Oneofthemostattractivedishesisroastturkeyandpumpkinpie!
✧.Easter
ThemeaningofmanydifferentcustomsobservedduringEasterSundayhavebeenburiedwithtime.Theiroriginslieinpre-ChristianreligionsandChristianity.Allinsomewayoranotherarea"salutetospring,"markingre-birth.ThewhiteEasterlilyhascometocapturethegloryoftheholiday.Theword"Easter"isnamedafterEastre,theAnglo-Saxongoddessofspring.Afestivalwasheldinherhonoreveryyearatthevernalequinox.
InEngland,Germanyandsomeothercountries,childrenrolledeggsdownhillsonEastermorning,agamewhichhasbeenconnectedtotherollingawayoftherockfromJesusChrist'stombwhenhewasresurrected.BritishsettlersbroughtthiscustomtotheNewWorld.
✧MerryChristmas
ChristmasEve(SilentNight),December24,isthenightbeforeChristmasDayChristmasisanannualholidaycelebratedonDecember25.ItcommemoratesthebirthofJesus.ThedateofcommemorationisnotknowntobeJesus'actualbirthday.Thehangingofstockingsbythefireplacebeforebedtime,toreceivethepresentsfromFatherChristmas,isamuch-lovedtraditionthatisstillpracticedbymanychildrenandadultsalthoughstockingsmightnowbereplacedwithhungindifferentlocationssuchasbythechild'sbed.WhensmallchildrengotobedonChristmasEve,theyhangastockingatthebehinoftheirbeds.TheirparentswarnthemnottotrytolookatFatherChristmas,ortheirparentswillnotleavethemanything.Whentheywakeup,theyfindtheirstockingsfilledwithpresents.Asaresult,childrenareveryexcitedonChristmasmorningandalwayswakeupearly.
Nowadays,ChristmasiscelebratedbymostofpeoplebyexchanginggiftsandChristmascards,preparingholidayfoods,anddecoratinghomesandworkplaceswithcoloredlights,Christmastreesandornaments.
●Chineserareanimalprotectionattitude
Oursisacountrywhichhasthelargestvarietiesofwildanimalsintheworld,accountingforover10%oftheworld'stotalnumberofvarietiesofwildanimals.Amongthesewildanimalsaregiantpanda,goldenmonkey,Taiwanmonkey,takin,Cervusalbirostris,Muntiacuscrinifrons,Chineseriverdolphin(Lipotesvexillifer),Chinesealligator,Acipensers
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