阅读理解中的主旨大意解题范例.docx
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阅读理解中的主旨大意解题范例.docx
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阅读理解中的主旨大意解题范例
阅读理解中的主旨大意解题范例
阅读理解中的主旨大意解题范例
1.Todaytheproblemofenvironmenthasbecomemoreandmoreserious.
Theworldpopulationisrising,soquicklythattheworldhasbecometoocrowded.
Weareusingupournaturalresourcestooquicklyandatthesametime
wearepollutingourenvironmentwithdangerouschemicals.
Themainideaoftheparagraphis_____Todaytheproblemofenvironmenthasbecomemoreandmoreserious.___.
2.Whenyouarepoor,youcanalsosayyouareveryhappy,becauseyouhavesomethingelsethatcan'tbeboughtwithmoney.Whenyoumeetwithdifficulties,youcansayloudlyyouareveryhappy,becauseyouhavemorechancestochallengeyourself.Soyoushouldalwayssayyouarehappy.
Thetopicsentenceoftheparagraphis___youshouldalwayssayyouarehappy.
_____________
3.Somepeoplelikereading,andsomepeoplelikeswimming.Ihavemanyhobbies,suchasreading,skating,andtraveling.Infact,differentpeoplehavedifferenthobbies.MyfriendAnnstudiesveryhard.Soherhobbyisreadingallkindsofbooks.Tonylovesworking
withherhands,andhishobbyisgardening.
Themainideaoftheparagraphis______Infact,differentpeoplehavedifferenthobbies.__.
4. Goinggreenseemstobefad(时尚)foralotofpeoplethesedays.Whetherthatisgoodorbad,wecan’treallysay,butforthetowofus,goinggreenisnotafadbutalifestyle.
OnApril22,2011,wedecidedtogogreeneverysingledayforanentireyear.Thismeantdoing365differentgreenthings,anditalsomeantchallengingourselvestogogreenbeyondeasythings.Ratherthanrecycleandreduceourenergy,wehadtothinkof365differentgreenthingstodoandthiswasnoeasytask.
Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.GoingGreen. B.ProtectingthePlanet.
C.KeepingOpen-Minded D.CelebratingOurGreenYear.
答案解析:
主旨大意题。
根据本文叙述了一家人环保生活的经历和效果,文章出现了出现了多次goinggreen,点名的主题,故选A。
归纳总结类的主旨类阅读理解
Everyone’satit,evenmyneighbors.IthoughtImightbetheonlypersonleftintheworldwhohadn’tdoneaneBaydeal.So,Idecidedtotrymyhandatonlineauction(网上拍卖).
Buyingforbeginners:
Signuponwww.ehay.co.uk.Mostitems(e.g.tables,computers,andbooks)readyforauctionwillcomewithapictureandashortdescription;othersmaybemarkedwith“BuyItNow”andhaveafixedprice.Youcanbuytheserightaway.
Iftheitemisbeingauctioned,youofferthehighestpriceyouarepreparedtopayandeBaybids(出价)foryou.Thebidwillbeincreasedlittlebylittleuntilitgoesbeyondyourhighestbid,thenyouareemailedandaskedifyouwouldliketobidagain.Auctionslastupto10daysandwhentheyfinishyougetanemailtellingyouwhetheryouhavewontheitem.
Howtopay:
Sellersdecidehowtheywouldliketobepaidandyouneedtocheckthisbeforeplacingabidasyoumightnotwanttopostachequeorpostalorders.TheeasiestwayisthroughPayPal,anonlinepaymentsystemthattakesthemoneyawayfromyourcreditcard(信用).
Sellingmadesimple:
IfyouplantoselloneBay,ithelpstoincludeapictureoftheitem.Ifollowedmyfriends'adviceandputuptheitemsIwantedtosellfora10-dayauction,starringonaThursday.Thiswaybuyershadtwoweekendstobid.
Thebigthingsinlife:
It'seasytopostasmallitem,butfurnitureisabigpartofeBayandthishastobecollectedorsentbydeliverymen.Cheekthewaysofdeliverybeforeyoubid.
Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.Howtomakepaymentonline.
B.Waysofmakingdeliveryonline
C.Advantagesofanonline-auctionsystem.
D.Howtouseanonline-auctionsystem.
【点津】D本题考察考生对文章主旨要义的理解能力。
四个选项均涉及到有关短文内容,但是通过比较其核心概念,会发现A选项为支付首段,B选项为交货方式,C选项为系统优势,D选项为使用方法。
由此可见A、B、C三个选项都只涉及了短文部分内容,不具备概括全篇的作用。
D选项包含所有内容,能够全面概括出短文的主旨要义。
C选项由于说话方式本身具有概括意味,具有一定的干扰。
主旨大意归纳解题经典应用
Peoplewhomultitaskallthetimemaybetheworstatdoingtwothingsatonce,anewresearchsuggests.Thefindings,basedonperformancesandself-evaluationbyabout275collegestudents,indicatethatmany
peoplemultitasknotoutofadesiretoincreaseproductivity,butbecausetheyareeasilydistracted(分心)andcan’tfocusononeactivity.And“thosepeopleturnouttobetheworstathandlingdifferentthings,”saidDavidSanbonmatsu,apsychologistattheUniversityofUtah.
Sanbonmatsuandhiscolleaguesgavethestudentsasetoftestsandaskedthemtoreporthowoftentheymultitasked,howgoodtheythoughttheywereatit,andhowsensation-seeking(寻求刺激)orimperative(冲动)theywere.Theythenevaluatedtheparticipants’multitaskingabilitywithatrickymentaltaskthatrequiredthestudentstodosimplemathematicalcalculationswhilerememberingasetofletters.
Notsurprisingly,thescientistssaid,mostpeoplethoughttheywerebetterthanaverageatmultitasking,andthosewhothoughttheywerebetteratitweremorelikelytoreportusingacellphonewhiledrivingorviewingmultiplekindsofmediaatonce.Butthosewhofrequentlydealwithmanythingsatthesametimewerefoundtoperformtheworstattheactualmultitaskingtest.Theyalsoweremorelikelytoadmittosensation-seekingandimpulsivebehavior,whichconnectswithhoweasilypeoplegetboredanddistracted.
“Peoplemultitasknotbecauseit’sgoingtoleadtogreaterproductivity,butbecausethey’redistractible,andtheygetsuckedintothingsthatarenotasimportant.”Sanbonmatsusaid.
AdamGazzaley,aresearcherattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,whowasnotamemberoftheresearchgroup,saidonelimitationofthestudywasthatitcouldn’tfindoutwhetherpeoplewhostartoutlessfocusedtowardmultitaskingorwhetherpeople’srecognizingandunderstandingabilitieschangeasaresultofmultitasking.
Thefindingsdosuggest,however,whythesensation-seekerwhomultitaskthemostmayenjoyriskydistracteddriving.“Peoplewhoaremultitaskingaregenerallylesssensitivetoriskysituations.”saidPaulAtchley,anotherresearchernotinthegroup.“Thismaypartlyexplainwhypeoplegoinforthesesituationseventhoughthey’redangerous.”
67.TheresearchledbySanbonmatsuindicatesthatpeoplewhomultitask________. .
A.seekhighproductivityconstantly
B.preferhandlingdifferentthingswhengettingbored
C.aremorefocusedwhendoingmanythingsatatime
D.havethepoorestresultsindoingvariousthingsatthesametime
68.WhenSanbonmatsuandhiscolleaguesconductedtheirresearch,they___________. .
A.assessedthemultitaskingabilityofthestudents
B.evaluatedtheacademicachievementsofthestudents
C.analyzedtheeffectsoftheparticipants’trickymentaltasks
D.measuredthechangesofthestudents’understandingability
69.AccordingtoSanbonmatsu,peoplemultitaskbecauseoftheir __________. _.
A.limitedpowerincalculation B.interestsindoingthingsdifferently
C.inabilitytoconcentrateononetask D.impulsivedesiretotrynewthings
70.Fromthelastparagraph,wecanlearnthatmultitaskersusually__________. .
A.driveveryskillfully
B.goinfordifferenttasks
C.failtoreactquicklytopotentialdangers
D.refusetoexplainthereasonsfortheirbehavior
小题67:
D
小题68:
A
小题69:
C
小题70:
C
试题分析:
中国有句古语云:
一心不可二用。
而最近的一项研究就表明。
那些经常一心多用的人往往就是同时做两件事做的最糟糕的人。
正是因为不能专注于一件事,才会同时多做几件事,结果可想而知。
小题69:
细节理解题。
根据全文第一句话可知,一心多用,往往会把事情做得更糟糕。
故选D。
小题70:
细节理解题。
根据第二段最后一句话可知,然后他们要这些学生一面做一些数学运算,一面记忆一组字母,用这个很刁难的方法来测试这些学生一心多用的能力。
和A项意思一致。
小题71:
细节理解题。
根据全文第二句的butbecausetheyareeasilydistracted(分心)andcan’tfocusononeactivity.可知,许多人一心多用,并不是因为他们想要增强工作生产量,而是因为他们很容易分心或是不能专注于做一件事。
故选C。
小题72:
推理判断题。
由最后一段的Peoplewhoaremultitaskingaregenerallylesssensitivetoriskysituations.一心多用的人一般对危险的情形不太敏感。
可知,对危险的事情,一心多用者往往对潜在的危险不能迅速判断。
故选C。
高频词汇读背识记---备考2019高考英语
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