初中英语 中考备考话题阅读理解发明和发明家.docx
- 文档编号:6081632
- 上传时间:2023-01-03
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:10
- 大小:23.78KB
初中英语 中考备考话题阅读理解发明和发明家.docx
《初中英语 中考备考话题阅读理解发明和发明家.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《初中英语 中考备考话题阅读理解发明和发明家.docx(10页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
初中英语中考备考话题阅读理解发明和发明家
1.阅读理解
Overthousandsofyears,Chinahasproducedalargenumberofinventions.Andthefourinventionsnamelypaper,gunpowder,thecompassandprinting,aretraditionallyreferredtoastheFourGreatInventionsinChina.
TheinventionofpaperasweknowcameinChinaaround105AD.TheinventorofpaperistraditionallyconsideredtobeCaiLun.ThegreatthingaboutCaiLun'sinventionwasthathispaperwasgoodtowriteon,cheap,lightandeasytocarry.However,arecentevidence(证据)showspaperwasinuseinChinatwohundredyearsearlier.
Thesecondgreatinvention,printing,goescloselywithpaper.Buildingonotherprintingtechnology,BiShenginventedmovabletypeprintingaround1040.Beforeitsinvention,peoplecopieddownthingsbyhandwriting.Todayalmosteveryoneintheworldusesprinting.Peoplecanuseittoprintnewspapers,magazinesandbooks.
ThethirdgreatChineseinventionisgunpowder.GunpowderwasinventedintheTangDynasty.Beforeitsinvention,peoplecouldn'tdosomeconstructionlikebuildingmountaintunnels(隧道).Todaysoldiersuseitingunsandcannons.Constructorsuseittobreakrocksintopieces.Scientistsuseitinrocketsasfuel.
ThecompasswasinventedintheSpringandAutumnPeriod.ThecircularcentrerepresentsHeaven,andthesquareplaterepresentsEarth.Thehandleofthespoonpointssouth.ThespreadofthecompasstoEuropeopenedtheoceansoftheworldtotravelandledtothediscoveryoftheNewWorld.
(1)CaiLun'spaperhasmanyadvantagesEXCEPTthat .
A.itwasveryexpensiveB.itwasnicetowriteon
C.itwasverylightD.peoplecouldcarryiteasily
(2)Chinaisgoingtosend ShenzhouXIspaceshipintospaceinMay,2016.______willbeusedasfuel.
A.WoodB.PrintingC.PaperD.Gunpowder
(3)Thefifthparagraphisprobablyabout _________.
A.PrintingB.gunpowderC.paperD.thecompass
(4)Thebesttitleforthepassagecanbe"_______".
A.China,aCountrywithLongHistoryB.China,aCountrywithManyInventions
C.China'sFourGreatInventionsD.China'sSpaceDream
【参考答案】ADDC
2.阅读理解
Thebiggestsecretaboutinventionisthatanybodycandoit!
Perhapsthissoundscrazy,butit'strue.Maybeyouhavethewrongideaaboutinvention,soreadontodiscoverthetruth.
Wrongidea1:
Aninventionhastobesomethingcompletelynew.
Inventionmeanscreatingsomething"new",buttheideacouldcomefromsomethingthatalreadyexists(存在).TheWrightbrothers,forexample,gottheideaofbuildinga"flyingmachine"fromwatchingbirds.
Wrongidea2:
Inventorsareborn,notmade.
Therearealotoffactors(因素)thatmakeinventionpossible.TakeMozartforexample.Hewasbornwithatalentformusicalcomposition.Butotherfactorswerealsoimportantforhiscreativity.Hisfatherwasamusicteacher,andMozartpracticedforhourseveryday,fromthetimehewasfouryearsold.ThomasEdisonsaidthatbeinganinventorwas"99%hardworkand1%inspiration"!
Verysuccessfulcreatorsdon'tgiveupwhentheygetsomethingwrong.Asoneinventorsaid,"Afailureistherightanswertothewrongquestion."
Wrongidea3:
Inventorsarealwaysoldpeople.
Don'tbelievethatyoucan'tinventanythingwhenyouareyoung.Herearetwoexamplesofyounginventors:
LouisBraillewentblindwhenhewasachild.Whenhewasfifteen,heinventedasystemofreadingandwritingforblindpeoplethatisstillusedinmostcountriestoday.
Asayoungman,GeorgeNissenwaswatchingsomeartistsperforminginashow.Hewatchedhowtheyfellintothesafetynetandthenjumpedbackupagain.Thisgavehimanidea,andheinventedthetrampoline(蹦床).
(1)_____________gottheideaofbuildinga"flyingmachine"fromwatchingbirds.
A.MozartB.GeorgeNissenC.LouisBrailleD.TheWrightbrothers
(2)Theunderlinedword"inspiration"probablymeans"_____________"inChinese.
A.态度B.品质C.灵感D.能量
(3)Thewriterwantstotellus_____________inWrongidea2.
A.MozartisatalentedmusicianB.successfulcreatorskeepworkinghard
C.nottogiveupthewrongquestionD.manysuccessfulexamples
(4)Whichofthefollowingisthewriter'sopinion?
A.Anybodycandoinventing.B.Inventorsareborn,notmade.
C.Inventorsarealwaysoldpeople.D.Aninventionhastobesomethingcompletelynew.
(5)Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe"_____________".
A.HowtoperforminashowB.Beacomposer
C.HowtohelpblindpeopleD.Beaninventor
【参考答案】DCBAD
3.阅读理解
ThomasAlvaEdisonisoneofthegreatestinventorsofalltimes.Oneofhismostfamousachievementsistheelectriclight.Hetriedthousandsoftimestomakealong-lastinglightbulb(灯泡)Althoughthelightbulbisnothisinvention,heistheonlyonetohavemadesuchasuccessfullightbulb.Manypeoplerememberhimfortheinventionoftheelectriclight.Heheldalotofpatents(专利权)worldwide.Manyofthemwereapproved(批准)intheUSA.
Wecanfindhisinventionsinmanyfields.Infact,manyoftheadvancedinventionswerebasedonhisideas.Heinventedaphonograph(留声机),afilmpicturecamera,aticketrecorderandsoon.
Edisonwasnotagoodstudentatschool.Buthelovedtodonewexperiments.Whenhewasstillachild,hebuilthisfirstlabtoperformhisexperiments.
AnamazingstoryofEdison'schildhoodisthathealmostmadehisservantdie.Edisonusedtothinkthatbirdsateinsectsandtheseinsectsmightmakethemfly.Sohecollectedtheseinsectsandblendedthemtomakejuice.Hethenlethisservantdrinkthejuice.Afterdrinkingthejuice,thegirllosthersense.Butluckily,shewassaved.
(1)ManyofEdison'spatentswereapproved______.
A.allovertheworldB.inEnglandC.inAmericaD.inGermany
(2)The______isnotoneofEdison'sinventions.
A.phonographB.filmpicturecameraC.ticketrecorderD.television
(3)Edisonmadeinsectjuiceandlethisservantdrinkbecause_________.
A.hewantedtopunishhisservantforhermistakes
B.hewantedtoknowifthejuicecouldmakeherfly
C.hehatedinsectsandkilledthem
D.hisservantlikedtoeatinsectsandaskedEdisontodothat
(4)Atlast,theservant______.
A.wassavedB.losthersightC.lostherlifeD.becameaninventor
(5)WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?
A.Edisontriedoncetomakethefirstlightbulb.
B.Edisonwasaverypopularstudentatschoolandlovedbyhisteachers.
C.ThelightbulbisnotEdison'sinvention,butheisrememberedforit.
D.Edisonpreformedhisfirstexperimentwhenhegrewup.
【参考答案】CDBAC
4.阅读理解
Whoinventedtoys?
It'shardtobelievemillions,maybebillionsofpeoplehaveinventedtoys.Mostofthesepeoplearekids.Kidsinventtoysfromallkindsofmaterials,suchasstones,sticks,paper,evenclothes.Andthesetoysareindifferentshapes;round,square,andsoon.
Sometimesadultsinventtoys,too,butinmanycases(在许多情况下),theydon'tactuallyinventthetoybuttakeatoythathasbeeninventedsomewherebeforeandmakeitpopular.Taketheyo-yoforexample.Yo-yoshavebeenaroundforthousandsofyears.Weknowthisbecauseyo-yoshavebeenfoundinancientgraves(坟墓)insomecountries.Thisishowweknowthatstoneyo-yoswereusedbackinancientGreece.Inthe1800s,theybecameverypopularaschildren'stoys,firstinEnglandandthenintheUnitedStates.ThenpeoplegottiredofthemforawhileuntilDonaldDuncanwentintotheyo-yobusiness.He hired "yo-yomen"todemonstrate(示范)andsellyo-yosdoortodoor.Thisway,yo-yosgotpopularlittlebylittle.TodaythenameDuncanstillgoeswithyo-yos,oneofthemostpopulartoysaroundtheworld.
Anotherexampleisteddybears.Teddybears,oneofthemostpopulartoys,werenamedafterapresidentoftheUnitedStates,althoughhedidn'tinventthem.PresidentTeddyRooseveltwasahunter(猎人).Hewasgoodathuntingandononeofhishuntingtripshehadmetabear.Thatledtoeditorial(社论)cartoonsshowingpicturesofPresidentRooseveltandacutelittlebear.Somehowthatledtocute,sewed(缝制的)bearsforlittlekidstoplaywith.
(1)Accordingtothepassage,mosttoyswereinventedby___________.
A.mistakeB.accidentC.childrenD.adults
(2)Theunderlinedword"hired"probablymeans"___________"inChinese.
A.支持B.反对C.雇佣D.销售
(3)Fromthesecondparagraphwecanknowyo-yos___________.
A.werepopularfirstintheUnitedStatesB.weretakentoEnglandfromAmerica
C.werealwayspopularintheUnitedStatesD.werepopularagainbecauseofDuncan
(4)TeddyRoosevelt___________.
A.wasapresidentoftheUnitedStatesB.inventedteddybears
C.wasacartooneditorD.tookphotosofabear
(5)WhichofthefollowingisWRONG?
A.Yo-yoswerenotpopularintheUnitedStatesforawhile.
B.Yo-yoswerepopularinEngland.
C.TeddyBearwasapresident'sname.
D.Childrencaninventtoyswithalmostallkindsofthings.
【参考答案】CCDAC
5.阅读理解
Aninventioninfrontofyoureyes
Whatisthemostimportantinventionofalltime?
Isitthewrittenwordthathelpsustorecordinformation?
Isitthetelephonethatletsustalktopeoplefromallovertheworld?
Isitthecarthatletsustravelatgreatspeedstomeetothers?
UmbertoEco,anItalianwriter,thinksitissomethingquitedifferent.Hesaysthemostimportantinventionmightbebrightinfrontofyoureyes.Heistalkingaboutasimplepairglasses.
Moderneyeglasseswereinventedaround1000yearsago.Theyweremorethanjustaconvenientwaytoread.Beforeglasses,writers,scientistsorteacherswhocouldnotseeproperlyhadtomemorizeeverything.Afterabouttenyearsofpooreyesight,theycouldnotrememberwellenoughandcouldnotwork.Glassesmeantthatpeoplecouldworki
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 初中英语 中考备考话题阅读理解发明和发明家 中考 备考 话题 阅读 理解 发明 发明家