物联网技术的应用及发展研究最新外文文献翻译.docx
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物联网技术的应用及发展研究最新外文文献翻译.docx
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物联网技术的应用及发展研究最新外文文献翻译
文献出处:
MarisaD.TheapplicationanddevelopmentoftheInternetofthingstechnology[J].InternetComputing,IEEE,2015,12(5):
44-55.
原文
TheapplicationanddevelopmentoftheInternetofthingstechnology
MarisaD
Abstract
Internetofthingsisconsideredthroughmonitoring,analysisandcontrolofnetworkinformationtechnology,theextensionofhumanperceptionofcontrolabilityhashugepotential.Iotresearchworkhasbeencarriedout.AlotofIotdemonstrationsystemwasalsodeveloped,andhasmaderemarkableapplicationeffect.Butatthesametime,thecurrentdevelopmentoftheInternetofthingsisalsofacingsomefundamentalproblems:
theInternetofthingshaswhatspecialrequirementsmustbemet?
WhatphaseareyouintheInternetofthingstechnology?
WhereisthedevelopmentdirectionofInternetofthings?
Itisworthwhiletoexploretheseissues.ThispaperreviewsthedevelopmentoftheInternet,andaccordingtotheexperienceofthedevelopmentoftheInternet,analyzesthepresentsituationofInternetofthingsandInternetofthingspresentinthe"content-machineconnectedtothelocalsmall-scalenetworkstage,itsdevelopmentdirectionshouldbeconnectedtoopennetofnumeroussmall"net",namelythe"Internetofthings".Basedonthisidea,calledWInternetIotdesign,andintroducestheoverallarchitecture,workingmodeandprotocolsystem,andalsodiscussestheseveralotherissuesworthyoffurtherstudy.
Keywords:
Internetofthings;Pipelineagreement;Cloudcalculation;Technologyapplication
1Introduction
Inrecentyears,thedevelopmentoftheInternetofthingshasbeenattachedgreatimportanceto,academia,industry,thegovernmenttogivegreatattentiontothedevelopmentoftheInternetofthings.Internetofthingsisconsideredcanconnecthundredsofmillionsofphysicalworldobjects,throughmonitoring,analysisandcontrolofnetworkinformationtechnology,theextensionofhumanperceptioncontrolabilityhashugepotential.Iotresearchworkhasbeencarriedout.AlotofIotdemonstrationsystemwasalsodeveloped,andhasmaderemarkableapplicationeffect.Butatthesametime,thecurrentdevelopmentoftheInternetofthingsisalsofacingsomeproblems,especiallyallkindsofInternetofthingsgenerallyareconnectedby"-"intheformof"network",althoughtheimplementsofallkindsofphysicalobjectsinthelocalscope-machineislinkedtogether,butdifferent"net"resourcesharingbetweentheperceptionandcontrolequipment.Andbecauseoftheexisting"-machineconnectedtothenetworkisgenerallybasedonthespecialagreement,adapttotheneedoftheprofessionalcustom,causeaphysicalnetworkisnotopen,hardtoconnectivity.TorealizeallkindsofnetworkconnectivityshouldbeaIotofdevelopmenttrend.
2Internetdevelopmenthistoryandexperience
2.1Electronicequipmentnetworksystems
Inthe19thcenturytoearly20thcentury,electronicequipmentnetworkofprototypehasemerged.Asthetimeofthetelephonenetwork,cablenetwork,andothervarioustypesisprivatenetworksystem.Nowinretrospect,thesenetworkshavebeengraduallyreplacedbytheInternet;itsreasonisworththinkingabout.Analysisofthenetworksystemcanbefoundearly,theygenerallyhavethefollowingfeatures:
(1)Verticalintegration,tightlycoupled
Thenetworksystemhardware,softwareandoperationoftheupperapplicationmostlybelongtoanowner.Mostofthevariouscomponentsoftheintegrationinthenetworksystemisindependentlybytheownerinternalpersonnel,networkineachpartofthetightlycoupledsystem.
(2)Theproprietaryprotocolstoexchange
Inthenetworksystemofinternalcommunicationprotocolisoftenaccordingtothespecificneedsofeachowner,inordertobettertheoptimizationanduseofallkindsofequipmentcomponentsaredesigned.Differentownersofintellectualpropertyrightsandinterestsprotectionoftenwilldealcoreparttrytoconceal,difficulttocommunicationbetweendifferentnetworksystems.Thismethodof"verticalintegration,proprietaryprotocols"tosatisfythevariousnetworksystemoftheoptimizationofresourcesandinterestsoftheownertoprotectspecificneeds,butalsodirectlyledtotheearlyelectronicequipmentnetworkproblems.
(3)Resourcesharingdifficult
Becauseeveryelectronicdevicenetworksystemisgenerallyadoptsthewayof"verticalintegration"structure,thenetworksysteminallkindsofelectronicequipmentandsoftwarearealsooftencanonlybeusedforthenetworkusersofthesystem.Forexampleintheearlydaysofthetelephonenetworksystem,multiplephonecompanieshaveindependentlaidtheirphonelines,setuprelevanttelephoneswitchingequipment,arelativelyindependenttelephonenetwork.DifferentlinesandequipmentcannotbeSharedbetweenthetelephonenetwork,causedtherepeatpurchase,resourcesharingdifficult.
(4)Functiontoreplicate
Anotherproblemisthatinthedifferentnetworksystemtorepeatthesameorsimilarfunctions,suchasthetelephonenetworksignalingintheinstructionandthesignalcodingimplementation.Featurestoreplicatedirectlyleadtotworesults:
oneiseachownersarerequiredforthedesignandimplementationofgeneralagreementandequipment,butduetothelimitationofthetechnicalstrengthofasingleowner,willinevitablyextendnetworkindependentlydesignanddevelopmenttime;Second,underthelimitoftimeandpersonnel,therealizationoffunctionmodulefinalqualitymoreorlessisnotideal.Ifdifferentownerstocooperation,complementaryadvantages,functionalmoduleswillnotonlygreatlyshortenthedevelopmenttime,itsqualitywillimprovethequalityandtechnologyevolutionspeedwillalsoincrease.
3Internetofthingspresentsituationandthedevelopmentdirection
3.1ThedevelopmentofInternetofthings
Iottechnologyemergesinvariousfieldshasalsobeenahighdegreeofattention,manyoftheInternetofthingsapplicationdemonstrationisputforwardandtheconstruction,especiallyinenvironmentalmonitoring,trafficcontrol,disasteremergency,etc.Theapplicationofthesesystemshasalsomadecertainachievements.Butatthesametime,wecanalsoseethecurrentbeforethedevelopmentoftheInternetofthingsiswiththeInternetelectronicnetworkshavesimilarfeatures,especiallythe"verticalintegration"and"specialdeal".Currently,manyofIotsystemaretosolvetheproblemofspecificrequirementsofacertainareaorregion,independenteachother.Setupintheprocessofsensingequipment,softwaremodule,communicationformatstendtobebasedonspecificrequirementsforcustomization.Causedbyagreementcustomcomplexnetworkconnectionbetweenworks,althoughperceptioncontrolequipmentresourcesabundant,butitissharedifficulties,suchasinthecurrentalotofvideosurveillancenetwork,whiletheerectionofallkindsofcameraseverywhere,butitsshareisverydifficult.
3.2DevelopmentdirectionofInternetofthings
FromthedevelopmenthistoryoftheInternet,webelievethatthecurrentdevelopmentoftheInternetofthingswasstillinthe"machine"ofthe"net"phase.Thisnetworkconnectsmanyphysicalobjects,cancommunicatewitheachother,dataexchange,andimplementallkindsofmonitoringandcontrolfunctions.Mostofthesenetworksforspecificneeds,usingproprietaryprotocols,solvetheproblemsofthecurrentfocusoneachnetworkowners.Butatthesametime,alsocansee,theseofthe“net”havearesourcesharingandtheneedsofeachother.
"Machine"ofthe"network"becomeconnectedtomanyofthe"net""opennet"shouldbethedevelopmenttrendoftheInternetofthings.ThistrendisalsoourexperienceonthedevelopmentcoursefromtheInternet.
3.3ThedesignrequirementsofInternetofthings
MentionedbeforetheInternetofthings,itisusingelectronictechnologytothephysicalworldofawarenessandcontrolnetwork.ThishasalsoledtotheInternetofthingswiththetraditionalnumericalcomputingsystemsandtheInternetdatatransmissionnetworksystemhasdifferentcharacteristicsandrequirements.
(1)Ensurereal-timeperformance
Thenumericalsimulationofnumericalcalculation,Internetofthingsdifferentfromtraditionalproblemitselfmaynotbedirectlybroughtaboutchangesinthephysicalworld.ButtheerrorsofacontrolinstructionintheInternetofthingsordelayadisastermaydirectlyresultinphysicalspace.Insmartgrid,forexample,ifanerrorcontrolinstructionistocontrolequipmentinthegrid,smallcausesenergywaste,iscancauseparalysisofthegrid.Theerrorhereincludesboththewronginstruction,alsoincludingthecorrectinstructionatthewrongtimetocontrolequipment.Inotherwords,therealtimeintheInternetofthingsthanthetraditionalInternetandnumericalcalculationsystemhasahigherrequest.ThedesignoftheInternetofthingsshouldbeasguaranteeforreal-timeimportantconsideration.
(2)Privacypromise
TheemergenceoftheInternetofthingstechnologymakesthecollectionofinformationeasier.Perceptionofphysicalspaceobjectwillmoreorlessinvolveintheprivacyofallkindsofpeople.Iotwillcovertheseprivatedataisconnectedtothenetwork,itispossibletomakethesedataarealltypesofuserstoaccessremotely.Howtosafeguardtheprivacyofdataisnotabusedandtheft,thisistheInternetofthingsanotherdesignfactorsmustbeconsidered.
(3)Calculationtothenears
IntheInternetofthingsbecauseofthecontinuousperceptionofthephysicalworld,theamountofdataandthereforeisgreat.UnderthetraditionalcentralizeddataprocessingfortheInternetofthingsofhugeamountsofdatamaynolongerapply.Illegalvehiclet
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