青岛大学硕士研究生入学考试642基础英语试题.docx
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青岛大学硕士研究生入学考试642基础英语试题.docx
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青岛大学硕士研究生入学考试642基础英语试题
青岛大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试试题
科目代码:
642科目名称:
基础英语(共12页)
请考生写明题号,将答案全部答在答题纸上,答在试卷上无效
PARTISENTENCECOMPLETION(20points)
Choosethewordorthesetofwordsthat,wheninsertedinthesentence,bestfitsthemeaningofthesentenceasawhole.
1.Houserepairs,holidays,schoolfeesandother_______havereducedhisbankbalanceto
almostnothing.
A.amount
B.payment
C.expenses
D.figures
2.
Theadditionalworkwilltake_____weeks.
A.theother
B.anothertwo
C.othertwo
D.themore
3.
Theboysinthedorm_____acointodecidewhowouldcleanthefloor.
A.held
B.tossed
C.put
D.collected
4.
Thepatternsofspokenlanguageare_____fromthoseofwriting.
A.distinct
B.distinctive
C.DistinguishedD.distinguishing
5.
Theproductcontainsno______colors,flavors,orpreservatives.
A.fake
B.artificial
C.false
D.wrong
6.
Thepolicedepartmentcameunderstrongcriticismforboththedeathofan
unarmedmananditshandlingofthe_______.
A.consequence
B.outcome
C.result
D.aftermath
7.ItissaidthatDaVinciisaversatilemanwhowasgoodatmanythings.Theunderlinedwordmeans:
A.changeableB.competentC.adaptableD.omnipotent
8.Forecastingmethodsandtechniquesareequally_____toallsectorsofthe
economy.
A.appreciableB.applicableC.attributiveD.Attractable
9.WhenColumbusembarked_____hishistoricalvoyage,heneverimaginedthattheworldhistorywouldenterintoanewera.
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A.uponB.InC.atD.to
10.Yearsofcivilwarhavewreckedthecountry’sinfrastructureanddestroyed
itssocial____.
A.tissueB.organC.fabricD.construction
11.IsraelandHamashadreachedadealonextendingthe______ceasefirebyanextra24hoursuntilTuesdayatmidnight.
A.contemporary
B.makeshift
C.spontaneous
D.temporary
12.
Americanculturenowstigmatizes,andsometimesevenheavily_______
behaviorthatwasoncetakenforgranted:
overtracism,cigarettesmoking,
theuseofsexualstereotypes.
A.penalizes
B.advocates
C.ignores
D.advertises
13.
Psychologistshavedoneextensivestudiesonhowwellpatients_______
withdoctors’orders.
A.comply
B.correspond
C.interfere
D.interact
14.Itisnotsomuchthelanguage___theculturalbackgroundthatmakesthebookdifficulttounderstand.
A.butB.norC.asD.like
15.ByputtingtheentireWoolfarchiveonamicrofilm,theprojectdirectorshopetomakethecontentsofmanuscriptsmore____________toscholars.
A.objectiveB.accessibleC.appealingD.implicit
16.Advancesinhealthcarehavelengthenedlifespans,loweredinfantmortalityrates,andthus________theoverpopulationproblem.
A.eliminatedB.aggravatedC.minimizedD.
distorted
17.Thepolicemanagedto_________theangrycrowd.
A.provokeB.stimulateC.subdueD.relax
18.Monicasaysshe'slookingforwardtoexpandingherpublicandprivateclient
basethroughher
withNoctor.
A.companion
B.company
C.friend
D.alliance
19.Oneofthelargestcompaniesintheworldwillbe
anew
productinZambiatomorrow.
2
A.issuingB.showingC.demonstratingD.launching
20.Asaheritagetrail,theparkincludesanetworkofmajor
cultural,
principalmonuments,historicsitesandopenspaces.
A.landmarksB.housesC.cabinsD.places
PARTIIPROOFREADINGANDERRORCORRECTION(10Points)
ThefollowingpassagecontainsTENerrors.EachlinecontainsamaximumofONEerror.Ineachcase,onlyONEwordisinvolved.Youshouldproofreadthepassageandcorrectitinthefollowingway.
Forawrongword,underlinethewrongwordandwritethecorrectoneintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline.
Foramissingword,markthepositionofthemissingwordwitha“∧”signandwritethewordyoubelievetobemissingintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline.
Foranunnecessarywordcrossouttheunnecessarywordwithaslash“/”andputthewordintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline.
Therichnessofourlanguageisconsideredbymanytobethedistinctiveachievementinhumanevolution.Language
providesusforthemeanstocommunicateideas,emotionsand
(1)____
knowledgeandexpressourculturalidentity.InEuropedifferentlanguagesareafactoflife.TheEuropeanUnionconsidersthediversity
oftonguesasaninalienablecomponentofourculturalheritage;but
(2)____
theprincipleoflanguageequalityispresentinEurope’sfounding
treaties.Preservinglinguisticdiversityhasbeenatheartofitsolicy(3)____
fromtheverybeginning.However,linguisticdiversitydemands
asustainandsubstantialinvestment.Forexample,theEuropean(4)____
institutionspendconsiderableportionsoftheiroperationalbudgetsontranslationandinterpretationservices.ForEuropeanindustryandbusinesslanguagediversityisachallengeoranasset,asthe(5)____
3
CommissionhasrecentlypointedoutinitsfirstCommunicationever
onanewstrategicframeworkformultilingualism.Whatissurethat(6)____
earlyinvestmentinmultilingualcommunicationtechnologiescan
providerapidaccesstonewandemergingmarketsanywhereinthe
world--thefactorthatisvitalforthelong-runsuccessofEurope.The(7)____
abilitytoaccessanduseinformati0nacrossthelanguagesisvitalfor(8)____
technologiescanplayanimportantroleforenablingeasy(9)_____
communicationbetweenpeople,administrationsandbusinesses.
TheEuropeanUnion,incollaborationwiththeMemberStates,
havesponsoredoverthelast20yearsseveralR&Dactionswhich(10)____
havecontributedtobuildingexpertiseresourcesandapan-Europeanlanguageinfrastructure.
PARTIIIREADINGCOMPREHENSION(40Points)
Readthepassagesandthenwriteyouranswersonyouranswersheet.
Passage1
Itisevidentthatthereisacloseconnectionbetweenthecapacitytouselanguageandthecapacitiescoveredbytheverb“tothink”.Indeed,somewritershaveidentifiedthinkingwithusingwords:
Platocoinedthesaying“Inthinkingthesoulistalkingtoitself”;J.BWatsonreducedthinkingtoinhibitedspeechlocatedintheminutemovementsortensionsofthephysiologicalmechanisminvolvedinspeaking;andalthoughRyleiscarefultopointoutthattherearemanysensesinwhichapersonissaidtothinkinwhichwordsarenotinevidence,hehasalsosaidthatsayingsomethinginaspecificframeofmindisthinkingathought.
Isthinkingreducibleto,ordependentupon,languagehabits?
Itwouldseemthatmanythinkingsituationsarehardlydistinguishablefromtheskillfuluseoflanguage,althoughtherearesomeothersinwhichlanguageisnotinvolved,Thoughtcannotbesimplyidentifiedwithusinglanguage.Itmaybethecase,
4
ofcourse,thatthenon-linguisticskillsinvolvedinthoughtcanonlybeacquiredanddevelopedifthelearnerisabletouseandunderstandlanguage.However,thisquestionisonewhichwecannothopetoanswerinthisbook.Obviouslybeingabletouselanguagemakesforaconsiderabledevelopmentinallone’scapacitiesbuthowpreciselythiscomesaboutwecannotsay.
Atthecommon-senselevelitappearsthatthereisoftenadistinctionbetweenthoughtandthewordsweemploytocommunicatewithotherpeople.Weoftenhavetostrugglehardtofindwordstocapturewhatourthinkinghasalreadygrasped,andwhenwedofindwordswesometimesfeelthattheyfailtodotheirjobproperly.Againwhenwereportordescribeourthinkingtootherpeoplewedonotmerelyreportunspokenwordsandsentences.Suchsentencesdonotalwaysoccurinthinking,andwhentheydotheyaremergedwithvagueimageryandthehintofunconsciousorsubliminal(下意识的)activitiesgoingonjustoutofrage.Thinking,asithappens,ismorelikestruggling,striving,orsearchingforsomethingthanitisliketalkingorreading.
Againthestudyofspeechdisordersduetobraininjurydiseasesuggeststhatpatientscanthinkwithouthavingadequatecontrolovertheirlanguage.Somepatients,forexample,failtofindthenamesofobjectpresentedtothemandareunabletodescribesimpleeventswhichtheywitness;theyevenfinditdifficulttointerpretlongwrittennotices.Buttheysucceedinplayinggamesofchessordraughts.Theycanusetheconceptsneededforchessplayingordraughtplayingbutareunabletousemanyoftheconceptsinordinarylanguage.Howtheymanagetodothiswedonotknow.Presumablyhumanbeingshavevariouscapacitiesforthinkingsituationswhicharelikewiseindependentoflanguage.
1.Accordingtothetheoryof“thought”devisedbyJ.BWatson,thinkingis
____.
A.talkingtothesoul
B.suppressedspeech
C.speakingnon-verbally
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D.anon-linguisticbehavior
2.Whatdoestheauthorthinkabouttherelationshipbetweenlanguageandthinking?
A.Theabilitytouselanguageenhancesone’scapacityofthinking.
B.Wordsandthinkingmatchmoreoftenthannot.
C.Thinkingnevergoeswithoutlanguage.
D.Languageandthinkingaregenerallydistinguishable.
3.Accordingtotheauthor,whenweintendtodescribeourthoughts,we____.
A.merelyreportinternalspeech
B.havetosearchforproperwordsinthewaywereadC.areoverwhelmedwithvagueimagery
D.sometimesarenotabletofindappropriatewords
4.Whyarepatientswithspeechdisordersabletothinkwithouthavingadequate
controloflanguage?
A.Theyusedifferentconcepts
B.Theydonotthinklinguistically.
C.ItstillremainsanunsolvedmysteryD.Thinkingisindependentoflanguage.
5.Thispassageisanexcerptfrom______.
A.ascholarlybookB.atextbook.
C.abookreportC.anencyclopedia
Passage2
WhydosomanyAmericansdistrustwhattheyreadi
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