学年高中英语第4单元检测新人教版必修3.docx
- 文档编号:6467267
- 上传时间:2023-01-06
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:11
- 大小:25.87KB
学年高中英语第4单元检测新人教版必修3.docx
《学年高中英语第4单元检测新人教版必修3.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《学年高中英语第4单元检测新人教版必修3.docx(11页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
学年高中英语第4单元检测新人教版必修3
第四单元检测
(时间:
90分钟 满分:
120分)
一、阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共12小题;每小题2.5分,满分30分)
A
Astronomyistheoldestscienceknowntoman.Thousandsofyearsagomanlookedatthestarsandwonderedabouttheheavens.Butmanwaslimitedbywhathecouldseewithhiseyesalone.
TheGreeksstudiedastronomyover2,000yearsago.Theycouldseethesize,colour,andbrightnessofstars.Theycouldseetheirplacesinthesky.Theywatchedthestarsmoveastheseasonschanged.ButtheGreekshadnotoolstohelpthemstudythestarryheavens.
Eachnewtooladdedtothefilesofastronomyhelpedmanreachoutintospace.Untilthereweretelescopes(望远镜),manknewlittleaboutthemoon.TheydidnotknowthattheplanetcalledSaturn(土星)hadringsaroundit.Theirsightwassolimitedthattheycouldnotseealltheplanets.Intheearly1700s,peoplethoughttherewereonlysixplanets.
Beforethespectroscope(分光镜),mandidnotknowwhatkindofgasesisinthesunorotherstars.Withouttheradiotelescope(电望远镜)wedidnotknowthatradionoisescomefromfaroutinspace.
Today,astronomyisagrowingscience.Wehavelearnedmoreinthelastfiftyyearsthaninthewholehistoryofastronomy.
1Thepassagemainlytellsus .
A.thespectroscopehelpsmanknowwhatkindofgasesisinthesunandotherstars
B.therearenineplanetsinspace
C.therewasmuchnoiseinspace
D.sciencecan’tgrowfastwithoutmoderntechnology
答案D
解析主旨大意题。
通过本文的叙述,我们知道没有现代技术,科学不可能发展得快。
2Thousandsofyearsago, .
A.manwatchedthestarswiththeireyes
B.telescopeshelpedmantostudythestars
C.manknewnothingaboutthesky
D.manknewSaturnhadringsaroundit
答案A
解析细节理解题。
由第一段可知,在古代,人们主要通过肉眼来观察星球。
3WhentheGreekswatchedthestars,theyknewallofthefollowingexcept .
A.thecolourofthestars
B.thesizeofthestars
C.themovementofthestars
D.whatthestarsweremadeof
答案D
解析细节理解题。
由第二段可知,只有D项的内容“星球是由什么组成的”没有提到。
4Mannowknows .
A.themoonhasringsaroundit
B.therearesixplanets
C.Saturn’sringscanbeseenbyhumaneyes
D.radionoisescomefromfaroutinspace
答案D
解析由第四段最后一句可推知,现在人们已经知道无线电噪音来自遥远的太空。
5Fromthispassagewecanseethatinthelastfiftyyears .
A.astronomyhasbecomeascience
B.peoplehavemadegreatprogressinastronomy
C.peoplehavebeguntodoresearchonastronomy
D.astronomyhaslimitedman’sknowledgeofspace
答案B
解析细节理解题。
由短文最后一句可以得出答案。
B
FromboyhoodhewasinterestedinAstronomy,andwhileatCambridgehewouldsitupatnighttowatchthestars.Buthewasdissatisfiedwiththetelescopesofthosedaysbecausetheydidn’tshowhimaclearpictureofthings.Atfirsthethoughttheremustbesomethingwrongwiththelens(镜头).Butnomatterhowhardhetriedtoimprovethelens,thetroublewasstillthere.
ThissetNewtonthinking.Hebegantostudythenatureoflightandcolours.Intheendhefoundthatsunlight,orwhitelight,isactuallymadeupofarowofcolours.Hecountedsevencoloursinall.Thiswasofcourseagreatdiscovery.ButNewtonstillwasn’tsatisfied.Hismindwasbusywithanotherproblem.BeforeNewton’stime,scientistshadalreadydiscoveredthatthesun,nottheearth,wasthecentreoftheuniverse,andtheyknewthattheearthandtheotherplanetsmovedroundthesun.Buttheycouldn’texplainwhythiswassountilNewtongavetheanswer.
OneautumneveningwhileNewtonwassittingunderanappletreethinkingovertheseproblems,hesawthemoonriseinthesky.Why,heaskedhimself,shouldthemoonroundtheearth,neverleavingthesamepath?
Atthatmoment,heheardanappledropfromthetree.Whyshouldtheappledroptotheground?
Whydidn’titgosidewaysorflyup?
Thereseemedtobeonlyonereason:
Theearthwasdrawingit—thatistheforceofgravity.Ifastoneistiedtotheendofastringandwhirledaround,itfliesroundandroundincirclesbecauseofthestring.Inthesameway,theforceofgravity,thoughtNewton,mustbetheforcethatkeepsthemoongoingroundtheearthandtheplanetsroundthesun.
6Thispassagetellsus .
A.Newtongavetherightanswertothemakingupofthesunlight
B.Newtonfoundthatthemoongoesroundtheearth
C.howNewtonmadetwoofhisgreatestdiscoveries
D.whyNewtonmadetwoofhisgreatdiscoveriesathome
答案C
解析主旨大意题。
整篇文章的内容集中在牛顿是怎样得出两项重大发现的。
7Givetherightorderoftheeventsgiveninthepassage.
a.Newtonfoundthatsunlightismadeupofarowofcolours.
b.Newtonwonderedwhytheappledidn’tgosideways.
c.Newtondecidedthattheforceofgravitykeepsthemoongoingroundtheearth.
d.Newtontriedeverymeanstoimprovethelens.
e.Newtoncountedthenumberofcolours.
A.e,d,c,a,b B.e,a,c,b,d
C.d,a,e,b,cD.d,e,a,b,c
答案C
解析细节理解题。
由第二段第三、四句知,牛顿先发现太阳光由一组颜色组成,然后再数颜色的数目。
由此排除A、B和D三项。
8Whichofthefollowingisthenearestinmeaningto“Buttheycouldn’texplainwhythiswassountilNewtongavetheanswer.”?
A.ButNewtongavetheanswerbecausetheycouldn’texplainwhy.
B.ButNewtoncouldn’texplainwhyunlesstheygavetheanswer.
C.ButitwasNewtonwhogavetheanswer.
D.ButNewtonwasthefirsttogivetheanswer.
答案D
解析句意猜测题。
句意“直到牛顿给出答案他们才知道为什么会这样”,由此得出答案为D项。
C
AccordingtothenewresearchfromtheUniversityofCambridgeinEngland,sheepareabletorecognizehumanfacesfromphotographs.
Thefarmanimals,whoaresocialandhavelargebrains,werepreviouslyknowntobeabletorecognizeoneanother,aswellasfamiliarhumans.However,theirabilitytorecognizehumanfacesfromphotosaloneisnovel(新颖的).
Therecentstudy,theresultsofwhichwerepublishedinthejournalRoyalSociety,showedthatthewoollycreaturescouldbetrainedtorecognizestillimagesofhumanfaces,includingthoseofformerPresidentBarackObamaandactressEmmaWatson.
Initially,thesheepweretrainedtoapproachcertainimagesbybeinggivenfoodrewards.Later,theywereabletorecognizetheimageforwhichtheyhadbeenrewarded.Thesheepcouldevenrecognizeimagesoffacesshownatanangle,thoughtheirabilitytodosodeclinedbyabout15percent—thesamerateatwhichahuman’sabilitytoperformthesametaskdeclines.
“Anyonewhohasspenttimeworkingwithsheepwillknowthattheyareintelligent,individualanimalswhoareabletorecognizetheirhandlers,”saidProfessorJennyMorton,wholedtheCambridgestudy.“We’veshownwithourstudythatsheephaveadvancedface-recognitionabilities,comparablewiththoseofhumansandmonkeys.”
Recognizingfacesisoneofthemostimportantsocialskillsforhumanbeing,andsomedisordersofthebrain,includingHuntington’sdisease,affectthisability.
“Sheeparelong-livedandhavebrainsthataresimilarinsizeandcomplexitytothoseofsomemonkeys.Thatmeanstheycanbeusefulmodelstohelpusunderstanddisordersofthebrain,suchasHuntington’sdisease,whichdevelopsoveralongtimeandaffectscognitiveabilities.Ourstudygivesusanotherwaytomonitorhowtheseabilitieschange,”Mortonsaid.
9Accordingtothenewresearch,what’sunusualaboutsheep?
A.Theyhavelargebrains.
B.Theycanrecognizetheirowners.
C.Theycanrecognizehumanfacesfromphotographs.
D.Theycantellanimalsfromhumans.
答案C
解析细节理解题。
由第一段中“sheepareabletorecognizehumanfacesfromphotographs.”可知,绵羊的不寻常之处在于它们能够从照片中识别人脸。
故选C项。
10Howdidtheresearcherstrainthesheep?
A.Bygivingfoodrewards.
B.Byshowingphotosofhumansandmonkeysbyturns.
C.Byguidingthemtofollowtheirhandlers.
D.Byshowingphotosoffamouspeople.
答案A
解析细节理解题。
根据第四段第一句“Initially,thesheepweretrainedtoapproachcertainimagesbybeinggivenfoodrewards.”可知,研究人员通过给绵羊食物奖励来训练绵羊。
故选A项。
11Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?
A.Sheephaveahigherface-recognitionabilitythanmonkeys.
B.Thesheep’sface-recognitionabilitymaypreventsomedisordersofthebrain.
C.Thesheep’sface-recognitionabilitystaysthesamewhenshownphotosatanyangle.
D.Thenewdiscoveryisbeneficialtothestudyofcognitiveabilitychanges.
答案D
解析推理判断题。
由最后一段最后一句“Ourstudygivesusanotherwaytomonitorhowtheseabilitieschange.”可知,从这篇文章中可以推断出新的发现有益于对认知能力改变的研究。
故选D项。
12What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?
A.AWonderfulScientist
B.HowSheepRecognizeEachOther
C.ANewDiscoveryaboutSheep
D.TheLifeofSheep
答案C
解析主旨大意题。
根据第一段“AccordingtothenewresearchfromtheUniversityofCambridgeinEngland,sheepareabletorecognizehumanfacesfromphotographs.”可知,这篇文章主要讲了新的研究表明绵羊能够从照片中识别人脸。
故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Withoutplants,peoplecouldnotlive.Weeatplants. 13 Andweneedplantsforanotherreason—weneedthembecausetheyarebeautiful.
14 Imaginenoflowerswiththeirsweetsmells,theirbeautifulcoloursandtheirlovelyshapes.Imagine,whenthewindblows,wearenotabletoheartheleavesofthetreesorwatchthebranchesswingfromsidetoside.
15 Thatiswhywehaveparksfulloftreesandflowers.Thatiswhypeoplealwayslikehouseswithroomforsomegrassandagarden.
Doyoutalktoyourplants?
16 PeterTompkinsandChristopherBird,writersofabookcalledTheStreetofPlants,tellofanexperimentinwhichtwoseedswereplantedindifferentplaces.Whiletheplantsweregrowing,oneplantwasgivenloveandhopefulideas. 17 Undertheearthithadmoreandlongerroots;abovetheearth,ithadathickerstemandmoreleaves.
A.Plantsgetenergyfromthesun.
B.Doyougivethemloveandtakecareofthem?
C.Aftersixmonths,thedesertedplantfaded(凋谢)away.
D.Aftersixmonths,thebelovedplantwasbigger.
E.Wetakeinoxygenthatplantsmake.
F.Everywherepeopleneedbeautifulplants.
G.Imagineaworldwithoutplants.
答案13~17EGFBD
二、英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
Scientificresearchhasagreatinfluenceonoursociety. 18 theonehand,we 19 toprovidetheresearchworkafree 20 .Whileontheotherhand,weareafraidthatsomeoftheresearchwillb
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 学年 高中英语 单元 检测 新人 必修