逍遥游原文和英译.docx
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逍遥游原文和英译.docx
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逍遥游原文和英译
逍遥游原文和英译
北冥有鱼,其名曰鲲。
鲲之大,不知其几千里也。
化而为鸟,其名而鹏,鹏之背,不知其几千里也;怒而飞,其翼若垂天之云。
Inthenorthernoceanthereisafish,calledthek’un,Idonotknowhowmanythousandliinsize.Thisk’unchangesintoabird,calledthep’eng.ItsbackisIdonotknowhowmanythousandliinbreadth.Whenitismoved,itflies,itswingsobscuringtheskylikeclouds.
是鸟也,海运则将徙於南冥;南冥者,天池也。
《齐谐》者,志怪者也。
《谐》之言曰:
“鹏之徙於南冥也,水击三千里,抟扶摇而上者九万里,去以六月息者也。
”
Whenonavoyage,thisbirdpreparestostartfortheSouthernOcean,theCelestialLake.AndintheRecordsofMarvelswereadthatwhenthepengfliessouthwards,thewaterissmittenforaspaceofthreethousandliaround,whilethebirditselfmountsuponagreatwindtoaheightofninetythousandli,foraflightofsixmonths'duration.
野马也,尘埃也,生物之以息相吹也。
天之苍苍,其正色邪?
其远而无所至极邪?
其视下也,亦若是则已矣。
Theremountingaloft,thebirdsawthemovingwhitemistsofspring,thedust-clouds,andthelivingthingsblowingtheirbreathsamongthem.Itwonderedwhethertheblueoftheskywasitsrealcolor,oronlytheresultofdistancewithoutend,andsawthatthethingsonearthappearedthesametoit.
且夫水之积也不厚,则其负大舟也无力;覆杯水於坳堂之上,则芥为之舟,置杯焉则胶,水浅而舟大也。
Ifthereisnotsufficientdepth,waterwillnotfloatlargeships.Upsetacupfulintoaholeintheyard,andamustard-seedwillbeyourboat.Trytofloatthecup,anditwillbegrounded,duetothedisproportionbetweenwaterandvessel.
风之积也不厚,则其负大翼也无力;故九万里,则风斯在下矣,而后乃今培风;背负青天,而莫之夭阏者,而后乃今将图南。
Sowithair.Ifthereisnotsufficientadepth,itcannotsupportlargewings.Andforthisbird,adepthofninetythousandliisnecessarytobearitup.Then,glidinguponthewind,withnothingsavetheclearskyabove,andnoobstaclesintheway,itstartsuponitsjourneytothesouth.
蜩与学鸠笑之曰:
我决起而飞,枪榆枋而止,时则不至,而控於地而已矣。
奚以之九万里而南为?
”适莽苍者,三餐而反,腹犹果然;适百里者,宿舂粮;适千里者,三月聚粮;之二虫,又何知?
Acicadaandayoungdovelaughed,saying,"Now,whenIflywithallmymight,'tisasmuchasIcandotogetfromtreetotree.AndsometimesIdonotreach,butfalltothegroundmidway.Whatthencanbetheuseofgoingupninetythousandlitostartforthesouth?
"Hewhogoestothecountrysidetakingthreemealswithhimcomesbackwithhisstomachasfullaswhenhestarted.Buthewhotravelsahundredlimusttakegroundriceenoughforanovernightstay.Andhewhotravelsathousandlimustsupplyhimselfwithprovisionsforthreemonths.Thosetwolittlecreatures,whatshouldtheyknow?
小知不及大知,小年不及大年。
奚以知其然也?
朝菌不知晦朔,蟪蛄不知春秋,此小年也。
楚之南有冥灵者,以五百岁为春,五百岁为秋;上古有大椿者,以八千岁为春,八千岁为秋。
此大年也。
而彭祖乃今以久特闻,众人匹之,不亦悲?
Smallknowledgehasnotthecompassofgreatknowledgeanymorethanashortyearhasthelengthofalongyear.Howcanwetellthatthisisso?
Thefungusplantofamorningknowsnotthealternationofdayandnight.Thecicadaknowsnotthealternationofspringandautumn.Theirsareshortyears.ButinthesouthofChuthereisamingling(tree)whosespringandautumnareeachoffivehundredyears'duration.Andinformerdaystherewasalargetreewhichhadaspringandautumneachofeightthousandyears.Yet,PengTsuisknownforreachingagreatageandisstill,alas!
Anobjectofenvytoall!
汤之问棘也是已。
“穷发之北,有冥海者,天池也。
有鱼焉,其广数千里,未有知其修者,其名为鲲。
有鸟焉,其名为鹏,背若泰山,翼若垂天之云,抟扶摇羊角而上者九万里,绝云气,负青天,然后图南,且适南冥也。
”
ItwasonthisverysubjectthattheEmperorTangspoketoChi,asfollows:
"AtthenorthofChiungta,thereisaDarkSea,theCelestialLake.Initthereisafishseveralthousandliinbreadth,andIknownothowmanyinlength.Itiscalledthek’un.Thereisalsoabird,calledthep’eng,withabacklikeMountTai,andwingslikecloudsacrossthesky.Itsoarsupuponawhirlwindtoaheightofninetythousandli,farabovetheregionoftheclouds,withonlytheclearskyaboveit.AndthenitdirectsitsflighttowardstheSouthernOcean."
斥鷃笑之曰:
“彼且奚适也?
我腾跃而上,不过数仞而下,翱翔蓬蒿之间,此亦飞之至也。
而彼且奚适也?
”此小大之辩也。
Andalakesparrowlaughed,andsaid:
Pray,whatmaythatcreaturebegoingtodo?
Irisebutafewyardsintheairandsettledownagain,afterflyingaroundamongthereeds.Thatisasmuchasanyonewouldwanttofly.Now,wherevercanthiscreaturebegoingto?
"Such,indeed,isthedifferencebetweensmallandgreat.
故夫知效一官,行比一乡,德合一君,而征一国者,其自视也,亦若此矣。
而宋荣子犹然笑之。
且举世誉之而不加劝,举世非之而不加沮,定乎内外之分,辩乎荣辱之境,斯已矣。
彼其於世,未数数然也;虽然,犹有未树也。
Take,forinstance,amanwhocreditablyfillssomesmalloffice,orwhoseinfluencespreadsoveravillage,orwhosecharacterpleasesacertainprince.Hisopinionofhimselfwillbemuchthesameasthatlakesparrow's.ThephilosopherYungofSungwouldlaughatsuchaone.Ifthewholeworldflatteredhim,hewouldnotbeaffectedthereby,norifthewholeworldblamedhimwouldhebedissuadedfromwhathewasdoing.ForYungcandistinguishbetweenessenceandsuperficialities,andunderstandwhatistruehonorandshame.Suchmenarerareintheirgeneration.Butevenhehasnotestablishedhimself.
夫列子御风而行,泠然善也,旬有五日而后反,彼於致福者,未数数然也;此虽免乎行,犹有所待者也。
NowLiehtsecouldrideuponthewind.Sailinghappilyinthecoolbreeze,hewouldgoonforfifteendaysbeforehisreturn.Amongmortalswhoattainhappiness,suchamanisrare.YetalthoughLiehtsecoulddispensewithwalking,hewouldstillhavetodependuponsomething.
若夫乘天地之正,而御六气之辩,以游无穷者,彼且恶乎待哉?
AsforonewhoischariotedupontheeternalfitnessofHeavenandEarth,drivingbeforehimthechangingelementsashisteamtoroamthroughtherealmsoftheInfinite,uponwhat,then,wouldsuchaonehaveneedtodepend?
双语||庄子《逍遥游》中英文
故曰:
“至人无己,神人无功,圣人无名。
”
Thusitissaid,"Theperfectmanignoresself;thedivinemanignoresachievement;thetrueSageignoresreputation."
尧让天下於许由,曰:
“日月出矣,而爝火不息,其於光也,不亦难乎?
时雨降矣,而犹浸灌,其於泽也,不亦劳乎?
夫子立而天下治,而我犹尸之,吾自视缺然,请致天下。
”
TheEmperorYaowishedtoabdicateinfavorofHsuYu,saying,"If,whenthesunandmoonareshining,thetorchisstilllighted,woulditbenotdifficultforthelattertoshine?
If,whentherainhasfallen,oneshouldstillcontinuetowaterthefields,wouldthisnotbeawasteoflabor?
Nowifyouwouldassumethereinsofgovernment,theempirewouldbewellgoverned,andyetIamfillingthisoffice.Iamconsciousofmyowndeficiencies,andIbegtoofferyoutheEmpire."
许由曰:
“子治天下,天下既已治也,而我犹代子,吾将为名乎?
名者,实之宾也,吾将为宾乎?
鹪鹩巢於深林,不过一枝,偃鼠饮河,不过满腹。
归休乎君!
予无所用天下为,庖人虽不治庖,尸祝不越樽俎而代之矣。
”
"YouarerulingtheEmpire,andtheEmpireisalreadywellruled,"repliedHsuYu."WhyshouldItakeyourplace?
ShouldIdothisforthesakeofaname?
Anameisbuttheshadowofreality,andshouldItroublemyselfabouttheshadow?
Thetit,buildingitsnestinthemightyforest,occupiesbutasingletwig.Thebeaverslakesitsthirstfromtheriver,butdrinksenoughonlytofillitsbelly.Iwouldrathergoback:
Ihavenousefortheempire!
Ifthecookisunabletopreparethefuneralsacrifices,therepresentativeoftheworshippedspiritandtheofficerofprayermaynotstepoverthewinesandmeatsanddoitforhim."
肩吾问於连叔曰:
“吾闻言於接舆,大而无当,往而不返,吾惊怖其言,犹河汉而无极也!
大有迳庭,不近人情焉。
”
ChienWusaidtoLienShu,"IheardChiehYu:
talkonhighandfinesubjectsendlessly.Iwasgreatlystartledatwhathesaid,forhiswordsseemedinterminableastheMilkyWay,buttheyarequitedetachedfromourcommonhumanexperience."
连叔曰:
“其言谓何哉?
”
"Whatwasit?
"askedLienShu.
曰:
“藐姑射之山,有神人居焉。
肌肤若冰雪,淖约若处子。
不食五谷,吸风饮露,乘云气,御飞龙,而游乎四海之外;其神凝,使物不疵疠,而年谷熟,吾以是狂而不信也。
”
"Hedeclared,"repliedChienWu,"thatontheMiao-ku-yimountaintherelivesadivineone,whoseskiniswhitelikeiceorsnow,whosegraceandelegancearelikethoseofavirgin,whoeatsnograin,butlivesonairanddew,andwho,ridingoncloudswithflyingdragonsforhisteam,roamsbeyondthelimit'softhemortalregions.Whenhisspiritgravitates,hecanwardoffcorruptionfromallthings,andbringgoodcrops.ThatiswhyIcallitnonsense,anddonotbelieveit."
连叔曰:
“然,瞽者无以与乎文章之观,聋者无以与乎锺鼓之声,岂唯形骸有聋盲哉?
夫知亦有之;是其言也,犹时女也。
之人也,之德也,将旁礴万物以为一,世蕲乎乱,孰弊弊焉以天下为事!
之人也,物莫之伤;大浸稽天而不溺,大旱金石流,土山焦而不热。
是其尘垢秕糠,将犹陶铸尧舜者也,孰肯以物为事?
”
"Well,"answeredLienShu,"youdon'taskablindman'sopinionofbeautifuldesigns,nordoyouinviteadeafmantoaconcert.Andblindnessanddeafnessarenotphysicalonly.Thereisblindnessanddeafnessofthemind.Hiswordsareliketheunspoiledvirgin.Thegoodinfluenceofsuchamanwithsuchacharacterfillsallcreation.Yetbecauseapaltrygenerationcriesforreform,youwouldhavehimbusyhimselfaboutthedetailsofanempire!
"Objectiveexistencescannotharm.Inafloodwhichreachedthesky,hewouldnotbedrowned.Inadrought,thoughmetalsranliquidandmountainswerescorchedup,hewouldnotbehot.OutofhisverydustandsiftingsyoumightfashiontwosuchmenasYaoandShun.Andyouwouldhavehimoccupyhimselfwithobjectives!
"
宋人资章甫而适诸越,越人断发文身,无所用之。
AmanoftheSungStatecarriedsomeceremonialcapstotheYuehtribesforsale.ButthemenofYuehusedtocutofftheirhairandpainttheirbodies,sothattheyhadnouseforsuchthings.
尧治天下之民,平海内之政,往见四子藐姑射之山,汾水之阳,然丧其天下焉。
TheEmperorYaoruledallunderheavenandgovernedtheaffairsoftheentirecountry.AfterhepaidavisittothefoursagesoftheMiao-ku-yiMountain,hefeltonhisreturntohiscapitalatFenyangthattheempireexistedforhimnomore.
惠子谓庄子曰:
“魏王贻我大瓠之种,我树之成,而实五石。
以盛水浆,其坚不能自也。
剖之以为瓢,则瓠落无所容。
非不呺然大也,吾为其无用而掊之。
”
HueitsesaidtoChuangtse,"ThePrinceofWeigavemeaseedofalarge-sizedkindofgourd.Iplantedit,anditboreafruitasbigasafivebushelmeasure.NowhadIusedthisforholdingliquids,itwouldhavebeentooheavytolift;andhadIcutitinhalfforladles,theladleswouldhavebeentooflatforsuchpurpose.Certainlyitwasahugething,butIhadnouseforitandsobrokeitup."
庄子曰:
“夫子固拙於用大矣!
宋人有善为不龟手之药者,世世以洴澼絖为事;客闻之,请买其方百金。
聚族而谋曰:
‘我世世为洴澼絖,不过数金,今一朝而鬻技百金,请与之。
'"
"Itwasratheryoudidnotknowhowtouselargethings,"repliedChuangtse."Therewasam
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