2021年北京市中考英语真题含详解.docx
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2021年北京市中考英语真题含详解.docx
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2021年北京市中考英语真题含详解
姓名:
__________ 班级:
__________考号:
__________
一、阅读理解(共4题)
1、YoungHeroesforthePlanet
Nowadays,peoplearoundtheworldareworkingtohelpourplanet.Checkouthowthefouryoungadultsmadeadifference.
SavingPandas
WhenJackwas11,hestartedagrouptoteachkidsaboutpandas.Healsosoldtoypandastoraisemoneytoprotectpandasindanger.“Ihopetoencouragemorepeopletocareaboutpandas,”Jacksays.
GrowingRight
Kathy,14,setupanorganizationtoeducatepeopleaboutgrowingrightplantinrightplaces.Shealsowroteabooktohelppeoplelearnwhatplantsarenativeto( 本土的 )theirarea.
CreatingEnergy
Attheageof12,LindainventedamachinecalledSuperE.Itcollectsheatfromfieldstomakeelectricity( 电 ),Lindasaysherinventioncreateselectricityinawaythatislessharmfultotheenvironment.
CleaningUp
Patrick,13,joinedtheOceanHeroesCamplastyear.Hestartedaprojectandpickedupplasticwastearoundnearbylakeswithhisfriends.Thegoaloftheprojectwastofightplasticpollution.
1 . Whostartedagrouptoteachkidsaboutpandas?
A . Jack. B . Kathy. C . Linda. D . Patrick.
2 . HowoldwasLindawhensheinventedSuperE?
A . 11. B . 12. C . 13. D . 14.
3 . WhatwasthegoalofPatrick’sproject?
A . Tofightplasticpollution. B . Toprotectpandasindanger
C . Tolearnaboutnativeplants. D . Touseheattomakeelectricity.
2、WhenIwasintheeighthgrade,myclasswasassigned( 指派 )tobefriendswiththesecond-gradekids.IgotthislittlegirlnamedShelley.ThefirsttimeIsawher,shewassilentandcold. Shewassmallforherage,andshedidn’tplaywiththeotherkidsinherclass.
Itriedallkindsofthingstogethertotalktome.Iboughthertoys,crayonsandcandies.ButtryasImight,nothingworked.Onetime,Igaveheracoloringbookandsaid,“Shelley,nowyoucancoloratanytime.”
Shelleylookedatthecoloringbookandthenlookedupatme,andfinallylookedaway.Bythat,Ididn’tknowhowIwasgoingtogetthroughtothelittlegirl,butIknewIwouldn’tgiveuponher.
OneFriday,Idecidedtotellherastoryaboutmychildhood.ItoldherthatIfeltlonelywhenIwaswithmyclassmates,andhowIthoughtonlymyteacherslikedme.Ialsotoldherthateverydaywasabattle( 战役 )formeandIfoughtbacktearssopeoplewouldn’tknowhowmuchIwashurting.
Shesattherejustlistening,tryingtodecidewhetherIwaslyingornot.Finally,whenmystoryended,thereweretearsinhereyes.Andthenshedidtheunthinkable.Shesaid,“Thankyou.”Fromthenon,Shelleywasadifferentlittlegirl.Shestartedsmilingandtalkingwithotherkids.
Lookingbackatthis,I’minawe( 惊叹 ),becauseallIdidwastohelpherrealizethatshewasn’talone.Ididn’taskhertotellherstory,becauseherstoryismystory.
1 . WhatwasShelleylikewhenthewriterfirstsawher?
A . Cold. B . Lazy. C . Noisy. D . Slow.
2 . InordertogetthroughtoShelley,thewriter________.
A . wroteherabook B . madeheratoy C . drewherapicture D . toldherastory
3 . Shelleychangedalotbecausesherealizedthat________.
A . herteacherslovedher B . herclassmateswerekind
C . thewriterunderstoodher D . shehadtostudyevenharder
3、
SchoolGardensCouldHelpChildrenTryMoreVegetables
It’snotalwaysenjoyableforchildrentoeatvegetables.Butwhatifagardenisbuiltintheschool?
Newresearchsuggeststhatagardeningprograminschoolscanincreasechildren’svegetableintake( 摄入量 ).
HowtheStudyWasCarriedOut
Thestudywascarriedoutineightschools.Eachschoolwasinthegardeningprogramforoneschoolyear.Everychildingrades3-5receivedatotalofeighteen60-minutelessonsacrosstheschoolyear.Intheprogram,eachschoolbuiltagarden,wherechildrenlearnedtogrowtheirownfreshproduce,likefruitandvegetables.
TheBenefitsChildrenCouldGet
Thestudyfoundthatvegetableintakeifthechildrenwhogrewtheirownproduceincreasedgreatlyacrosstheyear.Relatedstudiesshowthatincreasedvegetableintakecanimprovehealthandcuttheriskofchronicdiseases( 慢性疾病 ).Notonlyaretherebenefitstohealth,increasingthevarietyofvegetableschildrenareexposed( 接触 )tomayalsomakemealtimesmucheasier.”Childrenwhoareoftenexposedtoavarietyofvegetablesaremorelikelytotrynewfoods,”explainsDr.KerryJones.Forchildren,growingtheirownfoodisapowerfultooltoincreasetheirintakeofthefood.
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Anyopportunitytoexposechildrentomorevegetablesismeaningful.“Ifchildrenarelearningaboutvegetablesatschool,it’simportanttoencouragethisinterest,”saysJones.Parentscanlistentotheirchildrenaboutwhattheyhavelearnedandreadthehandoutstheybringhomefromschool.Parentsandchildrencanalsoreadbookstogether. Youngerchildrencanenjoyreadingstoriesaboutvegetableswithparentswhoofferusefulmessages.Olderchildrenmayenjoysearchingthroughcookbookswithparentstofindnewdinnerideastocookvegetablesinatastyway.Besides,asmallplanterboxinasunnypartathomecanencouragechildrentounderstandmoreaboutwheretheirfoodcomesfrom.
Teachingchildrentogrowtheirownproduceisagreatwaytoincreasetheirpreferencefortheproduce.Ifchildrenaretaughttoenjoyvegetablesearlyinlife,theywillprobablycontinueeatingvegetablesinthelongterm.
1 . Whatdidchildrendointhegardeningprogram?
A . Theydidresearchonnewplants. B . Theygrewfreshproduceatschool.
C . Theytookhomegreenvegetables D . Theybuiltgardensfortheirclasses.
2 . WhichofthefollowingwouldbethebestheadingforParagaph4?
A . IdeastoEncourageChildrentoCookatHome
B . WaystoExposeChildrentoVegetablesatHome
C . ReasonsWhyParentsShouldUnderstandChildren
D . SuggestionsWhichChildrenCouldGetfromParents
3 . Whatcanwelearnfromtheprogram?
A . Parents’supportmightimprovechildren’sreading.
B . Schoolprogramscoulddevelopstudents’creativity.
C . Doingstudiescanpreparestudentsforfuturelearning.
D . Hands-onexperiencemayinfluencechildren’spreference.
4、
Natureandcultureareoftenseenasoppositeideas.Whatbelongstonaturecannotbetheresultofhumanactivitiesandontheotherhand,culturaldevelopmentisachievedagainstnature.However,thisisnottheonlyopinionontherelationshipbetweennatureandculture.Studiesinthedevelopmentofhumanssuggestthatculture,whethertakenasaneffortagainstnatureoranaturaleffort,ispartofthedevelopmentofthehumanspecies( 物种 ).
Severalmodernwriterssawtheprocessofeducationasastruggle( 斗争 )againsthumannature.Wearebornwithwildnatures,suchaseatingandbehavinginadisorganizedwayoractingselfishly.Educationusescultureasawaytogetusoutofourwidestnatures;itisthankstoculturethatthehumanspeciescouldlearntoadapt( 适应 ),progressandraiseitselfaboveandbeyondotherspecies.
Overthepastcenturyandahalf,however,studiesinthehistoryofhumandevelopmenthaveshownthattheformationofcultureispartofthebiologicaladaptation.Consider,forexample,hunting( 打猎 ).Itseemstobeanadaptation,whichallowedhumanstomoveintonewanddifferentareas,openinguptheopportunitytochangelivinghabits.Atthesametime,thedevelopmentofweapons( 武器 )isrelatedtothatadaptation-fromrocksandstonestoasetofhuntingtools,andfromhuntingtoolstorulesrelatingtotheproperuseofweapons.Huntingalsoseemstoberesponsibleforawholesetofbodilyabilities,suchasbalancingononefoot.Justthinkofhowthisverysimplethingiscloselyrelatedtodance,akeyexpressionofhumanculture.Itisthenclearthatbiologicaldevelopmentandculturaldevelopmentarecloselytied.
The transmission ofcultureseemstobedirectlyrelatedtowhat’sinourblood. Justassnailscarrytheirshells,sodowebringalongourculture. However,cultureisalsopassedonamongpeopleofthesametimeoramongpeoplebelongingtodifferentpopulations. WecanlearnhowtomakejiaozievenifwewerebornfromRussianparentsinParisjustaswecanlearnhowtospeakEnglishevenifnoneofourfamilyorfriendsspeakthatlanguage.
1 . WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?
A . Culturebelongstohumannature.
B . Natureteacheshumanshowtoadapt.
C . Humansaresupposedtobewellorganized.
D . Educationpushesthehumanspeciestoprogress.
2 . WhydoesthewritertalkabouthuntinginParagraph3?
A . Tosuggestsomepossiblewaysofchanginglivinghabits.
B . Tostresstheimportanceoftoolsinhumans’struggleforlife.
C . Toshowhowculturedevelopsashumansadapttotheenvironment.
D . Toexplainwhythereisaneedtocallfortheproperuseofweapons.
3 . Theword“transmission”inParagraph4probablymeans“________”.
A . system B . spread C . start D . spirit
4 . Whatisthewriter’sopiniononthenature-culturerelationship?
A . Cultureandnatureareseparateyetbalanced.
B . Culturedependsmuchonnaturetoprogress.
C . Natureandculturearedifferentbutconnected.
D . Naturefollowstheunwrittenrulessetbyculture.
二、完型填空(共1题)
1、
ThePictureofPeace
WhenMikewasseven,heknewhisdreamwastobeaphotographer. Hekeptworkingonitforyears.Recently,hewastryingtotakeapictureofasunset( 日落 )toentertheschool 1 competition.
“Mom,ithasbeencloudythesedays. Idon’tthinkIcangetthispicture!
”Mikecomplained.
“Whynotuseoneofyourphotosonthecomputer?
”suggestedMom.
“Ican’t—therulessaythephotoshavetobetakenwithatraditionalcamera.Wehandinarolloffilm,itgetsdeveloped( 冲洗胶卷 ),andwe 2 onephotoforthecompetition.”
“Whyisasuns
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