普通高等学校招生全国统一考试新高考八省名校冲刺大联考英语试题 Word版含答案.docx
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普通高等学校招生全国统一考试新高考八省名校冲刺大联考英语试题 Word版含答案.docx
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普通高等学校招生全国统一考试新高考八省名校冲刺大联考英语试题Word版含答案
秘密★启用前
2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英语
第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Differentfromatext-heavynovel,coffeetablebooksofferlargeimagesandsmallersectionsoftext,allowingustoeasilydiveinandexplore.
TheMetropolitanMuseumofArt:
MasterpiecePaintingsbyKathrynCalleyGalitz
Ifyou'reunabletowanderalongthecorridorsofthisworld-famousmuseumyourself,don'tpanic:
thisbookoffersanimpressiveinsightintosomeofthemasterpieceshousedhere.Amazingimageswillattractthecasualreader,whileinsightsfromGalitz,curator(馆长)ofthemuseum,intodifferentpiecesaresettoengageartandhistoryloversalike.
DestinationsofaLifetime:
225oftheWorld'sMostAmazingPlacesbyNationalGeographic
Withlarge,strikingphotos,amereglancethroughthisbookwillfueltheurgetotravel.Besidesafewofthehotplaces,thereareplentyofdestinationsyoumaynothaveheardof.Alongsideimagesofdramaticlandscapes,accompanyingtextrevealshighlightsateachspotandhandytipsonexperiencingthemlikealocal.
SecretGardenersbyVictoriaSummerley
WhenthinkingofsomeofBritain'smostfamousnames,theirbusy,jet-setlifestylesprobablyspringtomind.But,awayfromthepubliceye,theseindividualsarejustlikeus,andlovenothingmorethanspendinghoursintheirgardens.Thepagesofthisbeautifulbooksharefantasticimagesfromthegardensof25well-knownpersonalities.
TheStoryofFood:
AnIllustratedHistoryofEverythingWeEatbyDK
Theoriginsandfactsofdifferentingredientsareincludedinthisbook,alongwithexplorationsintothedevelopmentofcookingovertheages.Thebookismoretextheavy,butdon'tletthatputyouoff:
therearestillplentyofbeautifulphotosandvividillustrationsthroughout.
21.Whichofthefollowingbooksincludesopinionsfromanexpert?
A.SecretGardeners.B.TheStoryofFood,
C.DestinationsofaLifetime.D.TheMetropolitanMuseumofArt.
22.WhatdoesVictoriawriteabout?
A.Historyofcooking.B.Tipsontravelingcheaply.
C.Lifestylesofpersonalities.D.PrivategardensinBritain.
23.WhatmakesTheStoryofFooddifferent?
A.Itcontainsbiggersectionsofwords.
B.Itprovidesdatapeopleneverheardof.
C.Itappealstocasualreadersandspecialists.
D.Itsharesfantasticimagesbywell-knownpeople.
B
Fewpeoplerealizethatittakesthearmyofvolunteersforoneyoungchildtohaveahalf-hourridinglesson.IvolunteeratValleyTherapeuticEquestrianAssociation(VTEA)inAldergrove.B.C.,closetotheWashingtonStateborder.Ittakesafewpaidstaffandanarmyofvolunteers-approximatelyeighty-totakecareofadozenhorsesandhelpwitheightyormorechildrenduringtheweek.Thereisalargebamtoclean,andhaynetsandwaterbucketstobrushandfill.Specificfeedsforeachhorsemustbepreparedtwicedaily...Thelistisendless.
Toprepareahorseforaride,someonehastobringitinfromoutside,attimessinkingintoinchesofblack,stickymudduringthewintermonths.Usually,twovolunteersgroom(刷洗梳毛)thehorseandputonthespecialsaddle.Thentheyleadthehorsetowherethelessontakesplace.There,onevolunteerleadsthehorse,andusuallytwowalkalongsideforsafety,oneoneachside.Thenthehorsemustbereturnedtothebam,unsaddled,cleanedandfed.
Yetsomanypeoplewillinglygivetheirtime-becausethechildrenneedus.Ranginginagefromtwoupwards,thechildrenhavevaryingdegreesofmentaldisabilities.Somehaveseverephysicalhandicaps(残疾).Ridingstrengthenstheirmusclesandbones,enablingthemtoenjoyamorefruitfullife.
Throughoutmypastlifeasanaccountant,businessauthorandspeaker,Ivolunteeredonmanylevelsandinmanyorganizations.However,aterriblemotor-vehicleaccidentchangedmylifeinasplitsecondwhenmycarwashit—aswasmyhead——causingseverebraininjury.Itwashardtoacceptanew"me"andheroften-frustratinglimitations,untilIdiscoveredthatIneededtodosomethingthatIhaveapassionfor.I’dlovedhorsesfromchildhood,andworkingwiththemandwiththechildrenhashelpedturnmylifearound,makingmewarmfromtheinsideout.Thejourneybackhasbeenpainfulbutworthwhile.Now,fourteenyearslater,Iamadifferent,moresimplifiedperson.
24.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph2?
A.Horsesforridinglessonsarecaredforcarefully.
B.Horse-ridinglessonsbringchildrenmanybenefits.
C.Volunteershavemuchtodoforahorse-ridinglesson.
D.Disabledchildrenaretaughthorse-ridinginadifferentway.
25.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofhervoluntaryworkinVTEA?
A.Riskyandthrilling.B.Tiringbutworthwhile.
C.Funnyandenjoyable.D.Demandingbutfruitless.
26.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthorfromthelastparagraph?
A.Theaccidenttransformedherthoroughly.
B.Volunteeringhasbroughtherawin-winresult.
C.She'sneverrecoveredfromtheinjury.
D.Shewasn'tinterestedinvoluntaryworkbefore.
27.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.HelpingChildreninNeedB.SurvivingtheBrainInjury
C.Volunteering:
AJourneyBackD.Horse-riding:
ToughestLessons
C
Menhunted.Womengathered.Thathaslongbeenthecommonviewofourprehistoricancestors.Butthediscoveryofawomanburied9000yearsagointheAndesMountainswithweaponsandhuntingtools,andananalysisofotherburialsitesintheAmericaschallengesthiswidelyaccepteddivisionoflaborinhunter-gatherersociety.
“Laborpracticesamongrecenthunter-gatherersocietiesarehighlygendered,whichmightleadsometobelievethatsexistinequalitiesinthingslikepayorrankaresomehow‘natural',"saidleadstudyauthorRandyHaas,anassistantprofessorofanthropology(人类学)atUniversityofCalifornia,Davis,inanewsrelease."Butit'snowclearthatsexualdivisionoflaborwasfundamentallydifferent-likelymoreequalandreasonable-inourspecies9deephunter-gathererpast."
Theburialsitewasdiscoveredin2018duringexcavations(发掘)atahigh-altitudesitecalledWilamayaPatjxainwhatisnowPeru.Thewoman,thoughttobebetween17and19yearsoldwhenshedied,wasburiedwithitemsthatsuggestedshehuntedbig-gameanimals.
Althoughsomescholarshavesuggestedaroleforwomeninancienthunting,othershavedismissedthisideaevenwhenhuntingtoolswereuncoveredinfemaleburials.Toexaminewhetherthiswomanfoundatthissitewasanoutlier,theresearchersexamined429skeletons(骷髅)at107burialssitesinNorthandSouthAmericaaround8000to14000yearsago.Ofthose,27individualswereburiedwithhuntingtools—11werefemaleand15weremale.Thesamplewassufficientto"supporttheconclusionthatfemaleparticipationinearlybig-gamehuntingwaslikelynotunusual".
Thefindingsaddtodoubtsaboutman—the—hunter"assumptionthatinformedmuchthinkingaboutearlyhumanssincethemid-20thcentury.Theysuggesthuntingwasverymuchacommunity-basedactivity,needingtheparticipationofallable-bodiedindividualstodrivelargeanimals,thepapersaid.Theweaponofchoiceatthattimehadlowaccuracy,encouragingbroadparticipation,andusingitwasaskilllearnedfromchildhood.
28.WhatdoestherecentburialsiteatAndesMountainsshow?
A.Theoriginofsexualinequality.B.Huntingskillsofancienttimes.
C.Thesocialsystemofprehistorichunters.D.Jobdivisionofhunter-gatherersociety.
29.WhichofthefollowingmightRandyHaasagreewith?
A.Genderplaysnopartinrecenthunter-gatherersociety.
B.Sexistinequalityisanaturalresultofprehistoricsociety.
C.Ancientdivisionoflabormightbefairerthanwe'dthought.
D.Publicideasofwomen'srolewillbechangedabruptly.
30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"outlier”inParagraph4mean?
A.Exception.B.Failure.C.Rolemodel.D.Easytarget.
31.Whatmightmakeprehistorichuntingacommunity-basedactivity?
A.Lackofable-bodiedindividuals.B.Imperfectioninhuntingweapons.
C.Betteraccuracyoffemalesinhunting.D.Needforlargeanimalsasfoodsource.
D
Selectivebreeding,alsoknownasartificialselection,isaprocessusedbyhumanstodevelopneworganismswithdesirabletraits(特点).Itcanbeusedtoproducetastierfruitsandvegetables,cropswithgreaterresistancetopests,andlargeranimalsthatcanbeusedformeat.
Perhapstheearliestexampleofselectivebreedingisthedomesticdog.Scientistsbelievethatthedomesticdogevolvedfromthewildgraywolf,andthroughartificialselection,humanswereabletocreatehundredsofdifferentdogbreeds.Aspeopledomesticatedandbreddogs,theyfavoredspecifictraits,likesizeorintelligence,forcertaintasks,suchashunting,shepherding,orcompanionship.Asaresult,manydogbreedsvastlydifferinappearance,auniquephenomenonintheanimalworld,asdifferentbreedsofasinglespeciesgenerallylooklikeeachother.TheChihuahuaandtheDalmatian,forinstance,arebothdogs,yettheysharefewphysicalfeatures.
Selectivebreedinghasalsobeenpracticedinagricultureforthousandsofyears.Almosteveryfruitandvegetableeatentodayisaproductofartificialselection.Bypickingoutwildcabbageplantswithspecificcharacteristics,farmerswereabletocreateavarietyofvegetablesfromasinglesource,eachwithdifferingflavors.Broccoli,forexample,wasdevelopedfromwildcabbageplantsthathadn'tenoughflowerdevelopmentwhilekalecamefromBrassicaoleraceawithlargerleaves.
Comisanunusualproductofselectivebreeding.Unlikerice,wheat,andcabbage,whichhaveclearancestors,thereisnowildplantthatlookslikecom.TheearliestrecordsofcomindicatethattheplantwasdevelopedinsouthernMexico
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