江苏省学年牛津译林版英语八年级下册现在完成时总结精讲及提高训练Word版含答案.docx
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江苏省学年牛津译林版英语八年级下册现在完成时总结精讲及提高训练Word版含答案.docx
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江苏省学年牛津译林版英语八年级下册现在完成时总结精讲及提高训练Word版含答案
译林版八年级下册现在完成时总结精讲及提高训练
1、含义:
①表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
②表示过去发生或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响和结果。
③表示一个动作至今为止已经发生了几次。
*2、现在完成时和一般过去时的区别:
一般过去时表示过去的事实,和现在没有联系;
现在完成时表示过去开始、现在还在继续或依然与现在有联系的动作或情况。
3、基本结构:
(助动词)have/has+过去分词(P.P)
句式变化:
肯定:
have/has+过去分词
否定:
have/has+not+过去分词
疑问句:
have,has提前
回答:
用have,has回答
4、过去分词的构成:
①一般在动词原形末尾加ed
e.g.look-looked;play-played;start-started
②以e结尾的动词加d
e.g.live-lived;hope-hoped;use-used
③以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,变y”"为“i”再加ed
e.g.study-studied;carrycarried;worry-worried
④以一个元音和一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词双写这个辅音字母,再加ed
e.g.stop-stopped;step-stepped;shop-shopped
mop-mopped;fit-fitted;drop-dropped
trap-trapped;clap-clapped;plan-planned
chat-chatted;control-controlled
⑤不规则变化(见P122-123不规则动词表,需熟记)
5、常与以下时间状语连用:
①already(肯定句句中或句末,“已经”)
yet(否定句/疑问句,“还没有、已经”)
ever(疑问句,“曾经”)
never(否定句,“从不”)
just(肯定句,“刚刚”)
recently(肯定句/否定句/疑问句,“最近”)
overtheyears(在这些年)
Sofar(迄今为止)bynow/tilnow/uptonow(到目前为止)
allone'slife(某人一生)
before(以前)
once/twice/manytimesHowmanytimes+问句
last最近的
*over/in/duringthelast/past.......years(在过去的...年中)
②表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间的状语连用。
e.g.for+一段时间,since+过去的时间点或者从句(两者有时可互相转换)
forthreeminutes=sincethreeminutesago
for2years=since2yearsago
③下面的句型中
It'sthebestmodelshipIhaveseen.(这是我见过的最好的模型船。
)→最高级
It'sthethirdtimeyouhaveforgottentobringyourMathsbook.→序数词
★句中有明确表示过去的时间状语不能和现在完成时连用:
e.g.Ihavealreadywrittenthereport.Iwroteitlastweek.
6、since的用法
①since+过去的时间点
e.g.since2yearsago;sincelastFriday/spring/September
②since+从句(从句中用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时)
1)IhaveknownPetersinceIcametothisschool.
2)MyhometownhaschangedalotsinceIwasveryyoung.
7、一些动词,如:
come,go,buy,leave,可以用在现在完成时中,但它们在肯定句中不能跟
for和since连用。
(见P27)
8、常用短暂性动词与相应的延续性动词(含有for,since,howlong的句型肯定句须用延续
性动词)
borrow/lend一keepbuy—haveleave一beawayfrom
catchacold—haveacolddie一bedeadbegin/starttodo-do
cometo/gotosp.—bein/atsp.fallasleep→beasleepgetup-beup
reach/arriveat(in)/gettosp.—bein/atmakefriends一befriends
get/becomeangry-beangrygetmarried一bemarried
open+beopenbegin/start-+beon(last)
close+beclosedjoin一bein/beamemberof
stop/finish→beover
9、have/hasbeento...去过某地(已回来)
have/hasgoneto...去了某地(还未回来)
have/hasbeenin.../at.../on(thefarm)....待了一段时间,常和howlong,since....for..连用。
提高练习
一、单项选择
1.---Haveyougiventhebookbacktothelibrary_________?
--Yes.I've_________givenitback.
A.yet;yetB.already;alreadyC.yet;alreadyD.already;yet
2.—Haveyou________spokentoanEnglishman?
—No.I’ve_________metaforeigner(外国人).
A.never;everB.never;yetC.ever;everD.ever;never
3.Ihave________finishedmyhomework,soIcangoshoppingwithMumnow.
A.justB.justnowC.rightD.rightnow
4.ImetLucyintheprimaryschoolandwehavebeenclosefriends_________.
A.asusualB.againandagainC.soonerorlaterD.eversince
5.—Haveyou__________watchedtheTVseriesModernFamily?
—Yes,Irallyenjoyit
A.stillB.everC.yetD.never
6.—WillyougoandseethemovieNetMotherwithme?
—Thankyou.ButI__________italready.
A.sawB.haveseenC.seeD.willsee
7.Iheardanewsongoftheradio.I________highandlowinthemusicshop,butIcan'tfindthesong.
A.searchB.havesearchedC.amsearchingD.willsearch
8.Eddie________withMilliesincehewasborn.
AhaslivedB.livesC.livedD.isliving
9.________you______anyfilmsrecently,Sandy?
A.Do;seeB.Did;seeC.Have;seenD.Will;see
10.I_______already______theScienceMuseuminourtowntwice.
A.do;visitB.was;visitingC.will;visitD.have;visited
11.Johnlookedforhisdictionaryeverywhere,buthe_________ityet.
A.don'tfindB.hasn'tfoundC.couldn'tfindD.didn'tfind
12.I________inthisareaovertheyears.I__________hereyearsago.
A.lived;havemovedB.havelived;moved
C.lived;movedD.havelived;havemoved
13.—Lily,whyareyoustillhere?
Schoolisoverforhalfanhour.
—BecauseI_____mytaskyet.Istillneedonemorehour.
A.won'tfinishB.didn'tfinish
C.haven'tfinishedD.hadn'tfinished
14.—Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?
—___Justhalfofit.Howaboutyou?
A.NotyetB.NotlikelyC.NotatallD.Notabit
二、句型转换
1.Thegirlhasalreadygivenittome.(改为否定句)
→Thegirl____________________ittome____________.
2.Theboyshavealreadygonehome.(改为一般疑问句,并作否定回答)
→__________theboys_________home_________?
No,_____________________.
3.Webegantostudyhereabouttwoyearsago(改为同义句)
→We________________________here______________twoyearsago.
4.TheyhaveevervisitedtheLantauIslandbefore.(改为否定句)
→They_______________________________theLantauIslandbefore.
5.Tomhasreadnewspapersfortwohours.(对划线部分提问)
→____________________hasTomreadnewspapers?
三、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空
1.—Hasyourbrotherever__________(ride)ahorse?
—No,never,
2.Newsaboutthefamouspeoplealways___________(travel)veryfast.
3.—__________MissLi_________(finish)herreportyet?
—Idon'tknow.She____________(write)itthewholemorning.
4.Manythings___________(happen)toherinthepastfiveyears.She__________(change)alot.
5.Youlooksotired.Stop_________(work)and___________(have)arest.
6.Mary___________(notsee)thefilmwithherfriendtomorrowbecause__________(see)itthreetimes.
7.—WhereisDenies?
—He_____________(go)swimmingalready.He__________(go)outabouttenminutesago.
8.I____________(lose)thekeytothefrontdoor,soIhavetowaitoutsidetillmum_______(come)backhomefromwork.
9.—Whyisn'thehungrynow?
—Becausehe_________(have)alotofbread.
10.TheGreens____________(have)morethan100oldclocksinthepastfiveyears.
四、完成下列句子
1、—Doyoumissyourbrother?
--Yes.verymuch.I_____________________________(未收到他的來信)forthreemonths.
2、—你曾经听说过王医生吗?
—__________you_________________________DoctorWang?
—我以前从来没有听说过这个人。
I___________________________________________________.
3、阳光镇已经发生了翻天覆地的变化。
___________________________________________________inSunshinetown.
4、他已经决定要买那辆自行车了。
He______________________________________________________thatbike.
5、到目前为止,我们已学了2000多个英语单词。
We________________________________________________________sofar.
6、这本书太吸引人了,我看了好多遍。
ThisbookissoattractivethatI______________________________________.
参考答案
单项选择
CDADBBBACDBBCA
句型转换
1.hasn’tgiven;yet2.Has;gone;yet3.havestudied;since
4.havenevervisited5.Howlonghas;read
动词填空
1.hasridden2.travels3.Hasfinished4.waswriting
5.working;have6.won’tsee;hasseen7.hasgone;went8.havelost;coming
9.hashad10.havecollected
4、完成句子
1.haven’theardfromhim
2.Have;everheardof;haveneverheardofhimbefore.
3.Greatchangeshavetakenplace/Therehavebeengreatchanges
4.Hasalreadydecidedtobuy
5.havealreadylearnedmorethan2000Englishwords
6.havereaditmanytimes
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