step by step 英语听力入门4 Unit 7 问题详解.docx
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step by step 英语听力入门4 Unit 7 问题详解.docx
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stepbystep英语听力入门4Unit7问题详解
Unit7
PartIWarmingup
A.
Tapescript:
1.Helptheold
Theelderlyathomeandintheneighborhood,especiallythoselivingalone,needyourcareandsupport.Showyourconcernandattendtotheirneedswhereverpossible.Yoursupportwarmstheirheartsandbringsthemhope.Ifyoufindanyelderlypeopleinneedofhelp,calltheSocialWelfareDepartmenthotlineon23432255orcontactthenearbyFamilyServicesCenter.
2.KeepHongKongclean
HongKongnotonlyisoneoftheworld'sgreatestcities,it'salsoourhome.Solet'sallstarttakingmoreprideinitsappearance.Let'skeepHongKongclean.
3.Forabettersociety
Atdifferentstagesoflife,wehavedifferentrolestoplay.Asgoodcitizens,wearewillingtodoourpartforabettersociety.
4.Don'tlitter
Youcantrywalkingawayfromlitter,butyoucan'twalkawayfromafine.Usethebinorriska$25,000fineandsixmonths'imprisonment.
5.Aidshotline
Weareabouttousea4-letterword.Thiswordcancleararoom.Thiswordmakessomepeoplesick.Thiswordleavesothersindisgust.Somepeoplepretenditdoesn'texist.Otherswishitwouldgoaway.Youwon'thearitinmixedcompany.Youwon'thearitusedathome.Andyoucertainlywon'thearitinschools.Thefactisifmorepeopleusethisword,lesspeoplewouldbeaffectedbyit.
6.Equalopportunities
Trueharmonycanonlyexistwhenmenandwomenhaveequalopportunities.Sexdiscriminationdestroysthisharmonyandisunlawful.Standupforequalopportunity.Theequalopportunitiescommissionhotline:
25118211.
7.Foryourhealth
Whentravelingabroad,youshouldtakepreventivemeasuresagainstcholera,hepatitisAandotherdiarrhealdiseases.Drinkonlyboiledwaterorbottledandcanneddrinks.Avoideatingcutfruitsorfruitsthatarenotcleansed.Whenyoutakeshellfish,makesuretheyarethoroughlycooked.Alwayskeepaneyeonfoodhygiene.Pleasestayhealthy.
B.
Outline
I.Violentcrime
A.Includingrobbery,assault,murder,rape
B.Murderrate:
twiceashighas30yearsago
C.Violentcrimerateingeneral:
increased23%(inthesametimeperiod)
II.White-collarcrime
A.Includingembezzlement,bribery,Politicalcorruption,corporatepoliciesthatendangerworkersandthepublic
B.White-collarcrimerateingeneral:
increased
III.Solutions:
A.Family:
throughsocialization--leadingchildrentorespectthemselves,others,andthevaluesofthesociety
B.Government.
1.Byhelpingpeopletofeelthattheyarepartofthesocietyinsteadofitsvictims
2.Byinstillingthefearofpunishmentinthosewhomightbecomecriminals
Tapescript:
LookingintocrimeandviolenceintheUnitedStatesislike
openingtheproverbialcanofworms.Somanydifferentproblemsemergefromthecanthatyousometimesfeelthemoreyouknow,thelessyouunderstand.Whatisveryclearandindisputable,however,isthatviolentcrimehasincreasedgreatlyintheUnitedStatesinrecentdecades.Byviolentcrime,Imeancrimeslikerobbery,assault,murder,andrape.Themurderrateistwiceashighas30yearsago,andviolentcrimeingeneralhasincreased23percentinthesametimeperiod.Whatisalsoclearisthatthegeneralpublicisafraid--afraidofbecomingvictimsofviolentcrime.Statisticsarehardertocomebyforwhite-collarcrime,crimesincludingembezzlement,bribery,politicalcorruption,andcorporatepoliciesthatendangerworkersandthepublic.Butmanyexpertsagreethattherehasbeenanincreaseinwhite-collarcrime,too.
Asforsolutions,IthinkmostofuswouldagreethatthefamilycanplayaroleinreducingcrimeintheUnitedStates:
throughsocialization,whichleadschildrentorespectthemselves,others,andthevaluesoftheirsociety.Moreover,Ithinksociety,intheformofgovernment,hasaroletoplayinreducingcrime:
byhelpingpeopletofeelthattheyarepartofthesocietyinsteadofitsvictims.Thegovernment,intheformofthejusticesystem,canalsocontributetocurbingcrimebyinstillingthefearofpunishmentinthosewhomightbecomecriminals.
PartII
A.
1.Whatarethetwoaspectsmentionedconcerningthenatureofgamblingaddicts?
--Comingfromhomeslackinglove/lookingforwantsoffamilyloveandparentalapproval
--Unconsciouslywantingtolose
3.Inwhatwayscangamblingaddictshopefullybecured?
--Bypsychiatrictreatment
--Bywordtherapy
--Byhelpfromorganizationslike"GamblersAnonymous"
Tapescript:
Compulsivegamblersalmostalwayscomefromhomeslacking(in)love.Asaresult,thechildgrowsupstilllookingforthewantsoffamilyloveandparentalapproval.Anotheraspecttothenatureofthegamblingaddictisthatunconsciouslyhewantstolose.
Psychiatristsbelievethatcompulsivegamblersconsciouslymayexpecttowin.However,there'sastrongelementofself-destructioninaninclinationtocontinuebettinguntilallislost.OneNewYorkpsychiatristbelievesthatbasicallythecompulsivegamblerisseekingananswertothequestion:
Doyouloveme?
Bywinning,hereceivesa"yes"answer.Howeverthegamblercannotacceptthe"yes"hesometimesreceivesbecauseitiscontrarytotherealityofhisorherunhappychildhood,onelacking(in)familylove.Thegambler'scompelledtocontinuebetting,thusexpressingagainandagainhisneedforloveandacceptance.Whengamblingaddictsdowinsomemoney,theyrarelyspendanyofitontheirfamilies.Moneyislikeasacredthingtotheaddicts.Itisreservedforonething:
placingabet.
Fortunately,there'shopeandhelptodayforgamblingaddicts.Psychiatrictreatmentisonepossibility.Wordtherapyseemstohelpinsomecases.Themostreadilyavailableandtheleastexpensivehelpcomesfromanorganizationcalled"GamblersAnonymous"(GA).GAhasmorethan90chaptersintheU.S.withabout3,000gamblersseekingacure.OnebasicruleofGAisthegamblersmustpaybackalltheirdebts,evenittakesmanyyearstodoso.ThousandsofmemberscreditGAwithsavingthemfromtheiraddiction,andhelpingthemtobuildnewlivesfreefromthegamblingsickness.
Happily,today,withmorepublicinterestinhelpingthegamblingaddictovercomehisproblem,andwithsuchorganizationsastheGA,thegamblerwhowantshelptobreakhisaddiction,nowhassomeplaceorsomeonetoturnto.
B.Summary
ThoughinalmostallthestatesinAmerica,parentsareheldresponsiblefortheirkids'misdeedsatschoolslikedestroying?
schoolpropertyormissingschool,only13statesholdparentscriminallyliablewhentheirkidscommitcrimes,suchasdealingindrugs,weaponspossessionandgangbanging.
Morelawmakersaresayingparentsshouldbejailedorfinedwhentheirkidscommitacrime,becausethemostimportantinfluenceonthedevelopmentofachildistheparent.Butparentingisnotaneasything.Anditgetsharderaskidsgetolder.Whenachildbecomesateenager,parents'involvementwiththeirchildrenundereducationdropssharply.By15to16yearsofage,childrenaretreatedasquasi-adultsandmanyofthemleadveryseparatelifethatparentsarenotfullyinformedof.
Parentalliabilitylawswillnotworkunlessthey'repartofamuchlargereffortthatincludesmorehelpsforparentsinraisingtheirchildren.Expertssaywhat'smostneedednowisathoroughreviewoftheeffectivenessofsuchlaws.
Tapescript:
Injustabouteverystate,parentsareheldresponsibleforcertainmisdeedsoftheirchildren,especiallyforschoolrelated,likedestroyingschoolpropertyormissingschool.Butwhenkidscommitcrimeswhetherit'sdealingindrugs,weaponspossessionorgangbanging,only13statesholdparentscriminallyliable.NowinthewakeoftheColoradoshootings,morelawmakersaresayingparentsshouldbejailedorfinedwhentheirkidscommitacrime.Andthereseemstobeacertainlogictothistrend.Themostimportantinfluenceonthedevelopmentofachildistheparent.
Whatpeoplereallywantisgoodparenting.Thequestionis.Canstatelegislatureslegislategoodparenting?
"Howdoyoulegislategoodparenting?
Andhowfarshouldwegowiththat?
"
Thereshouldbealawthatdoespunishparentsforleavingaloadedgunaroundaccessibleforchildren.
"That'ssomethingyoucanholdmeaccountablefor.ButwhenyoutellmeIshouldraiseachildinaway..,inawaythatthatchildwillnothavebadthoughtsorbedepressed,ornothangaroundwiththewrongkids,youaretryingtolegislatesomethingthatyouknow...Parentingisnotaneasything.Thisisahardjob."
Anditgetsharderaskidsgetolder.Studyshowsthatwhenachildbecomesateenager,parents'involvementwiththeirchildrenundereducationdropssharply.Thiscomplicatesmatterswiththecourtsiftheyaretoprovethatparentsshouldhaveknownaboutthechild'sintentionstocommitacrimeorstopthechildfromdoingit.
By15to16yearsofage,childreninthiscountryaretreatedasquasi-adults.
"Wealsohaveyoungpeopleofthatageleadingveryseparatelifethatparentsarenotfullyinformedof.Manyofthoseyoungpeopleareworking.Theyhaveastrongpeergroupaffiliation.Perhapswemighthavesomeidealisticviewthatalawwillthenforceparentstoholddailysessionswiththeirchildren,askthemwhattheyaredoing.Ijustdon'tthinkthat'sgoingtowork."
Parentliabilitylawswillnotworkunlessthey'repartofamuchlargereffortthatincludesmorehelpforparentsinraisingtheirchildren,whethertheywantitornot.
"Ajudgecanrequireaparenttogothroughpsychologicaltestingifthejudgeseesthattherewouldbesomemeritnotonlyinhelpingthechildintheirsituation,butalsohelpingthehomesituation."
AccordingtotheNationalAssociationofStateLegislatures,halfadozenstates
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