新概念3第一课笔记.docx
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新概念3第一课笔记.docx
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新概念3第一课笔记
新概念3第一课笔记
发表时间:
2008-11-20 编辑:
张宇 来源:
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§Lesson1Apumaatlarge逃遁的美洲狮【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语◆puma n.美洲狮◆spot ...
§Lesson1Apumaatlarge逃遁的美洲狮
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
◆puma n.美洲狮
◆spot v.看出,发现
◆evidence n.证据
◆accumulate v.积累,积聚
◆oblige v.使…感到必须
◆hunt n.追猎;寻找
◆blackberry n.黑莓
◆humanbeing 人类
◆corner v.使走投无路,使陷入困境
◆trail n.一串,一系列
◆print n.印痕
◆cling(clung,clung) v.粘
◆convince v.使…信服
◆somehow adv.不知怎么搞地,不知什么原因
◆disturb v.令人不安
学习词汇时仅知道汉语语义是不够的,要把单词放在语句中体会其应用
学习关键句型结构时则要把它放在段落结构或文章里
★ spot v.看出,发现
tonoticesomeoneorsomething,especiallywhentheyaredifficulttoseeorrecognize
e.g:
Ispottedapolicecarbehindus.
Itcanbehardforevenatraineddoctortospotthesymptomsoflungcancer.
Ispottedsomeonecomingoutofthebuilding.
pickout/see/recognize/catchsightof
eg:
Atallmaniseasytospotinthecrowd.
Hehasgoodeyeforspottingmistakes.他有敏锐的识别错误的能力。
spot(做动词时候)=see:
强调结果、辨别出、看见、识别、发现。
同意词比较:
find强调发现的结果。
findout查出事实真相。
discover做出重大发现
notice注意到
observe观察
watch观察活动中的人或画面
spot n.斑点
eg:
Thereisawhitespotontheshirt.
onthespot
1,立刻,马上(atonce,immediately)
Anyonebreakingtheruleswillbeaskedtoleaveonthespot.
2,attheplaceoftheaction在现场
Whereversheisneeded,sheisquicklyonthespot.
★evidence[u]n.证据不可数名词
Whenthepolicearrived,hehadalreadydestroyedtheevidence.
evidence=proof(n.证据)
inevidence:
显而易见的.
Hewasinevidenceattheparty.
evidentadj./evidentlyadv.
★ accumulatevt,vi.积累,积聚
accumulate 强调积累的过程
Astheevidenceaccumulates,expertsfromthezoofeltobligedtoinvestigate.
gathervt.聚集,把某人召集在某处
wegatheredundertowerclock.
Theteachergatheredhisstudentsintheclass.
collect收集,采集
Doyoucollectstamps?
Yes,Icollectstampsasmyhobby.
assemble 集合,集会,vt.装配
Alargenumberofpeopleassembleonthesquare.
hoard 大量地贮存hoardup=storeup
Thesquirrelhoardsupnutsforthecoldwinter.(squirreln.松鼠 nutn.坚果)
amass积聚(主要用于诗歌和文学作品)
Thecloudsamassedabovethehills.
★oblige v.使…感到必须makesbfeelitisnecessarytodosth
feelobligedtodosth.=feelthatyouhaveadutytodosomething感觉有必要做某事
Ifeelobligedtosaynotohisdemand(n.要求).
Ifeltobligedtoinvitehim.
beobligedtodosth被迫做某事
Theywereobligeddoselltheircartopaytheirdebtsoff.(debtn.债务,罪过)
Circumstanceshadobligedhimtosellthebusiness.
★ hunt vt.n.追猎;寻找
TheexpertsformLondonzoobagantohunt(vt.)forapuma.
Thehunt(n.)forthepumaprovedthedifficulte.
search搜寻某处为了寻找到某人或某物,与hunt意义极其接近
Theploiceweresearchingtheforestforthemissingboy.Andthesearchforthatboyprovedthedifficulte.
runafter强调追赶、追求.
Look,adogisrunningafteracat.
Whatareyourunningafterinyourlife?
seek 追寻(梦想,理想=pursue)多用于书面
chase追赶.Theyarechasingathief./Theyarerunningafterathief.
★corner v.使走投无路,使陷入困境
cornern.角落
atthecornerofthestreet
inthecorneroftheroom
onthecornerofthedesk
becornered………被逼得走投无路
常用于被动语态:
Thethiefwascorneredatlast.
Theproblemcorneredme.这个问题把我难倒了。
★trailn.一串,一系列atrailofblood一串串血痕
trail==follow vt.跟踪
eg:
Thepolicetrailedthecriminaltotheplacewherehewashiding.(criminaln.罪犯,犯罪者)
★cling(clung,clung,clinging)v.粘
eg:
Sheisalwaysclingingtohermother.
Heclungtothehopethathewouldsucceed.(抱有,怀有[梦想、希望])
stickv.粘住sticktheenvelop(envelopn.信封)
stickto坚持sticktotheplan/sticktoone’spromise.
stickyadj.粘的stickyfingers
★convincevt.使…信服
-convincesb.ofsth 使某人相信某事
Iconvincedhimofmyhonesty.
-和宾语从句that搭配使用
没有宾语的情况下要采用主系表结构:
beconvinced
Theexpertsfromthezoowereconvincedthattheanimalwasthepuma.
sbbeconvinced sb相信
Iamconvincedthatsheisahonestgirl.
★somehow adv.不知怎么搞地,不知什么原因
bysomemeans,insomeway,forsomereasonunknown
I’llgetthebookbacksomehow.无论如何
Igetlostsomehow.不知怎么搞地
somewhatadv.(==alittle)稍微,有点,有些
ThepriceissomewhathigherthanIexpected.
★ disturb v.令人不安
Youdisturbme.
disturbingadj. 令人不安的 disturbed 感到不安的
surprising 令人吃惊的 surprised 感到吃惊的
exciting 令人激动的 excited 感到激动的
【Text】
§Lesson1Apumaatlarge逃遁的美洲狮
listentothetapethenanswerthequestionbelow.听录音,然后回答以下问题.
Wheremustthepumahavecomefrom?
Pumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAmerica.WhenreportscameintoLondonZoothatawildpumahadbeenspottedforty-fivemilessouthofLondon,theywerenottakenseriously.However,astheevidencebegantoaccumulate,expertsfromtheZoofeltobligedtoinvestigate,forthedescriptionsgivenbypeoplewhoclaimedtohaveseenthepumawereextraordinarilysimilar.
Thehuntforthepumabeganinasmallvillagewhereawomanpickingblackberriessawalargecatonlyfiveyardsawayfromher.Itimmediatelyranawaywhenshesawit,andexpertsconfirmedthatapumawillnotattackahumanbeingunlessitiscornered.Thesearchproveddifficult,forthepumawasoftenobservedatoneplaceinthemorningandatanotherplacetwentymilesawayintheevening.Whereveritwent,itleftbehinditatrailofdeaddeerandsmallanimalslikerabbits.Pawprintswereseeninanumberofplacesandpumafurwasfoundclingingtobushes.Severalpeoplecomplainedofcat-likenoisesatnightandabusinessmanonafishingtripsawthepumaupatree.Theexpertswerenowfullyconvincedthattheanimalwasapuma,butwherehaditcomefrom?
Asnopumashadbeenreportedmissingfromanyzoointhecountry,thisonemusthavebeeninthepossessionofaprivatecollectorandsomehowmanagedtoescape.Thehuntwentonforseveralweeks,butthepumawasnotcaught.Itisdisturbingtothinkthatadangerouswildanimalisstillatlargeinthequietcountryside.
【课文讲解】
atlarge
1:
逃遁的,没有被控制的。
ifadangerouspersonoranimalisatlarge,theyhaveescapedfromsomewhereorhavenotbeencaught
e.g:
Thethiefisstillatlarge.
2:
详细的(indetail)
Ineedtalktoyouatlarge.
3:
总体来讲(=asawhole)
ThestudentsatlargearehungryforEnglish.
Pumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAmerica.
在英文的表达方式中,首先呈现给读者的是结果。
写议论文的时候要注意把握观点
E.g.:
Pandasarelargecat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAsia.
cat-likeadj.象猫的,偷偷摸摸的
dog-likeadj.象狗的,顽强的,忠实的
life-like栩栩如生的
WhenreportscameintoLondonZoothatawildpumahadbeenspottedforty-fivemilessouthofLondon,theywerenottakenseriously.
一般来讲定语从句和同位语从句紧随在被修饰名词后面,但为了保持句子平衡,也可以把谓语动词放到从句之前
<1>定语从句只是对于被修饰词的补充说明、修饰。
定语从句的引导词:
指人:
主语who宾语who/whom定语whose
表达事物:
that(也可指人)/which
时间状语:
when地点状语:
where原因状语:
why
<2>同位语从句则是讲述被修饰名词的内容
同位语从句的引导词:
名词做主语、宾语时,关系词用that而不是which
时间when地点where
定语从句中没有what这个关系词,但它可以引导同位语从句
eg:
Anideacametoherthatshemightdotheexperimentinanotherway.
Ihavenoideawhathashappenedtohim.
(Anidea)…cometosb.某人突然想到了……
theywerenottakenseriously.(they指代reports)
takesth.seriously==dealwithsth.seriously 认真(严肃)对待某事
e.g:
Ialwaystakeyoursuggestionsseriously.
takesth.lightly:
草率对待某事
e.g:
Don’ttakethehotpotatolightly.(hotpotaton.困境,烤马铃薯,棘手的问题)
However,astheevidencebegantoaccumulate,expertsfromtheZoofeltobligedtoinvestigate,forthedescriptionsgivenbypeoplewhoclaimedtohaveseenthepumawereextraordinarilysimilar.
Howeveradv.然而(起转折作用) as连词,随着,当….之时
过去分词做定语
?
thedescriptionsgivenbypeople
?
thestorytoldbysailor.(sailorn.海员,水手)
?
abookwrittenbyLuxun
claimtohavedonesth声称曾经作过某事
Heclaimedtohavebeenthemanagerofthelargeshop.
Thehuntforthepumabeganinasmallvillagewhereawomanpickingblackberriessawalargecatonlyfiveyardsawayfromher.
yardn.码,院子
whereawomanpicking定语从句
--IstillremembertheschoolwhereIstudiedEnglish.
Itimmediatelyranawaywhenshesawit,andexpertsconfirmedthatapumawillnotattackahumanbeingunlessitiscornered.
confirm:
besure,becertain:
vt.确定
unlessitiscornered=ifitisnotcornered(unlessconj.如果不,除非)
Hewillacceptthejobunlessthesalaryistoolow.
Thesearchproveddifficult,forthepumawasoftenobservedatoneplaceinthemorningandatanotherplacetwentymilesawayintheevening.
search=hunt
Whereveritwent,itleftbehinditatrailofdeaddeerandsmallanimalslikerabbits.
把某物留在后面:
leavebehind
Whereverhewent,thewoundsoldierleftbehindhimatrailofblood.伤员所到之处,都留下道道血迹。
(woundn.创伤,伤口vt.伤,伤寒v.击伤)
Pawprintswereseeninanumberofplacesandpumafurwasfoundclingingtobushes.
英文的表达方式重点在于突出客观事实,而中文则善于运用动作的执行者
pumafurwasfoundclingingtobushes.(被动)
->Wefoundthepumafurclingingtobushes.(主动)
clingingtobushes-现在分词作宾补
Severalpeoplecomplainedofcat-likenoisesatnightandabusinessmanonafishingtripsawthepumaupatree.
complainof/about:
抱怨
on+名词:
强调动作正在进行
ontherise:
在上升/ontheincrease:
在增加
onthewatch:
在观看/onthematch:
在比赛中
onthefishingtrip:
在钓鱼的途中/onholiday:
在度假
Theexpertswerenowfullyconvincedthattheanimalwasapuma,butwherehaditcomefrom?
fully:
completely,entirely adv.充分地,完全地,足足,至少
Asnopumashadbeenreportedmissingfromanyzoointhecountry,thisonemusthavebeeninthepossessionofaprivatecollectorandsomehowmanagedtoescape.
Sthbeinthepossessionofsb==sthbeinsbspossession某物归某人所有(主语是物)
eg:
Thebeautifulcarisinmypossession.=Thebeautifulcarisiinthepossessionofme
sbbeinpossessionofsth. 某人拥有某物
Iaminpossessionofthebeautifulcar.(inpossessionof作表语)
Thepersoninpossessionofthebighouseisexcited.(inpossessionof作定语)
takepossessionof 拥有
Thehuntwentonforseveralweeks,butthepumawasnotcaught.
Wenton=last持续,继续前进
Itisdisturbingtothinkthatadangerouswildanimalisstill
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