后勤工程学考博英语真题和参考答案.docx
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后勤工程学考博英语真题和参考答案.docx
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后勤工程学考博英语真题和参考答案
中国人民解放军后勤工程学院
2015年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试
试题
考试科目(代码):
英语(1001)共12页
答案必须写在考点发放的答题纸上,否则不记分
PartⅠVocabularyandStructure(15%)
Directions:
Thereare30incompletesentencesinthispart.Foreachsentencethereare4choicesA,B,C,andD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.
1.Shesaidshewouldrathernot______itrightnow.
A.discussedB.discussaboutC.discussD.discussing
2.BeforehecametoLondonhehadneverheardawordofEnglish______.
A.speakingB.spokeC.tobespokenD.spoken
3.______,hewouldhavebeenabletopasstheexam.
A.StudyharderB.Ifheshouldstudyharder
C.IfhewerestudyingharderD.Hadhestudiedharder
4.Philworkedjustsomuch______.
A.likewhathewastoldtoB.ashewastoldto
C.likehewastoldtoD.astowhathetriedtodo
5.Atworkhehates______.
A.todisturbB.beingdisturbedC.disturbD.disturbed
6.Allenaskedme______receivedhisletter.
A.whetherIhaveB.hadIC.whetherIhadD.ifIhave
7.Theylosttheirwayintheforest,and______mademattersworsewasthatnightbegantofall.
A.thatB.itC.whatD.which
8.WhenJanefelloffthebike,theotherchildren______.
A.werenotabletohelplaughterB.couldnothelpbutlaughing
C.couldnothelplaughingD.couldnothelptolaugh
9.It’sbettertodieonone’sfeetthan______.
A.livingonone’skneesB.liveonone’sknees
C.onone’skneesD.toliveonone’sknees
10.______theEnglishexaminationIwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastSunday.
A.InspiteofB.ButforC.BecauseofD.Asfor
11.Ifwe______oureffortsweshouldbeabletodefeattheenemy.
A.spareB.coordinateC.cooperateD.co-relate
12.Ordinarypeoplearelikelytohave______ofspeechandbehavior.
A.originalitiesB.crueltiesC.cruditiesD.specialities
13.Hisrighttothepropertyis______.
A.perceptibleB,measurableC.disreputableD.unquestionable
14.Theteamplayedhardbecausethechampionshipofthestatewas______.
A.athandB.atstakeC.atlargeD.atbest
15.______Idon’tknowwhatweshouldhavedonewithouthim.
A.InprincipleB.IngeneralC.IntheoryD.Inpointoffact
16.Yourproposalthatthemoneyshouldbeusedtobuildanurseryschoolis______.
A.imaginableB.admirableC.negligibleD.predictable
17.The______treatmentofmentalpatientsshockedthepublic.
A.sensibleB.sensationalC.inhumanD.human
18.Thefamilylivedina______slum.
A.comfortableB.modernC.ancientD.deplorable
19.Theyuppieshave______theirpreferencesintermsofargumentthattheirlivesarefullerthanthatofthecommonpeople.
A.patronizedB,rationalizedC.emotionalizedD.egotized
20.Americanculturehasbeen______byEuropeanimmigrants.
A.enlargedB.enrichedC.evaluatedD.expanded
21.Brianisayoungand______coachwhoispreparedtoleadhisteamtowinthechampionshipinhisfirstseason.
A.clumsyB.humorousC.ambitiousD.intimate
22.Justwaitforonesecond,Iam______ready.
A.allbutB.alloverC.atallD.atanymoment
23.Ifyoucan’tthinkofanywheretogoonSunday,we______aswellstayhome.
A.ShouldB.mightC.canD.Need
24.Anationthatdoesnotknowhistoryis______torepeatit.
A.discouragedB.characterizedC.linkedD.fated
25.TheypreparedaBritishCommonwealthorEuropeanarrangement,becausethiswassubstantially______theirBritishthinking.
A.intouchwithB.inlinewith
C.withrelationtoD.withreferenceto
26.Thepoliceuseddogsto______thecriminalsintheirhidingplace.
A.runafterB.scratchC.sniffoutD.reach
27.Edisonis______withtheinventionofthephonograph.
A.creditedB.inspiredC.knownD.attributed
28.Thecompanywelcomes______frompeoplewhouseitsgoods.
A.prejudiceB.nuisanceC.feedbackD.interruption
29.Wecan______,evenifwecannotproveandestablish.
A.makecertainB.confirmC.hypothesizeD.demonstrate
30.Strongerpressureshavebeen______onthenationalcharacter.
A.atworkB.affectingC.inplayD.running
PartⅡReadingComprehension(30%)
Directions:
Therearefivepassagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestions.ForeachofthemtherearefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,C,andD.Choosethebestanswertothequestion.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.
Passage1
Itischieflyamatterofcustom.Ourfaces,exposedtocold,dogetcold,buttheydonotfeelcoldbecausethenervesbywhichwefeelcoldareaccustomedtothisstateofaffairsandtakenonoticeofit.
Inface,allnervesactinthisway:
messagestravelalongthemonlywhenthereisachangeintheusualconditionofthebody.Wetolerate,withoutnoticingthem,certaindegreesofcoldtowhichweareaccustomedinourfaceandhands:
butweactuallyfeelthatourfeetarecoldifweexposethem.Yetpeoplewhoareaccustomedtobarefeetfeelnomoreandsuffernomorefromthemthanwedofrombarehands.Onawinterdaywemaynotnoticethatournosesandeartips(耳垂)arecold,evenwhentheyarequitecold.Yousoonfindthattheyareifyouputawarmhandagainstthem.Thereisatremendousdifferencebetweenbeingcoldandfeelingcold.
Thislawaboutcustom,andthewayinwhichnervesareaffectedbyit,alsoexplainsmanyotherthings----forinstance,whythecountrymancannotatfirstsleepinthetownonaccountofthenoise,whilethetownsmanoftencannotsleepinthecountryonaccountofthesilence.Atlast,however,thecountrymangetsusedtothenoiseandthetownsmangetsusedtothesilence,andbothsleepsoundly.
31.Exposedtocold,ourfacesdonotfeelcoldbecause______.
A)thenervesinthefacedonotwork
B)ourfaceshavefewernerves
C)ourfaceshavegotusedtothecold
D)theusualbodyconditionhaschanged
32.Whenourhandsareexposedtocold______.
A)wefeelcoldatonce
B)wemaynotfeelcoldatall
C)wehavetowarmthemupatonce
D)wedonotneedtocareaboutthem
33.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthedegreeofcoldwecantolerate______.
A)isrelatedtothegeneralweathercondition
B)hastodowiththeplacewestayin
C)dependsonthewayournerveswork
D)reliesonthetravelingofcoldnessalongournerves
34.Theword"message"inparagraph1refersto______.
A)thetemperaturechange
B)thebodycondition
C)theinformationaboutcold
D)theconditionsofournerves
35.Fromthepassageweknowthat______.
A)bare-footedpeopledonotfeelcoldonawinterday
B)customplaysanimportantroleinoureverydaylife
C)ournosesarenotsensitivetocoldatall
D)countrymendonotmindthenoiseinbigcities
Passage2
Manyhistoriansofthetwentiethcenturylookbackatthefifteenthcenturyandsay,“Machiavelliwasthefirstpoliticalscientistinhistory.”Theysaythathelookedatpoliticsforthefirsttimewiththefactualeyeofascientist.Hewasonlyinterestedinthefacts.Hethoughtthatpoliticsandmorality(道德)didn’tgotogetherveryoften,buthestudiedideasofrightandwrong,alongwithpolitics;governmentleaders,hewrote,couldusetheseideastogetandkeeppower.
InMachiavelli’sopinion,thenatureofhumanbeingsisusuallyevil,soagoodpersonmustalwaysfail.Hethoughtitwasimportantforapoliticalleadertoknowhowtobebad.Infact,Machiavellisawleadersofgovernmentaspeopleaboveordinaryhumanbeings;sohebelieved,theyarealsoaboveordinarymorality.Goodandevil,hesaid,areonlyideasthatweakpeopleusetoexcuseweakness;powerfulpeopleusetheseideastokeepotherpeopleweak.Theycanleadbecausetheywantpowerandbecausetheyfightforit.Also,theseleadersarenotusuallyafraidtoleavemoralitybehind,sotheydon’thaveideasofrightorwrongtostopthen.Theythinkonlyofpower.Itisnice,Machiavellisaid,ifpoliticalleaderscanalsobegoodpeople,buttheymustknowhowtobebadwhenthetimecomes.
Machiavellisaidthatitisnaturaltofightforpowerandthattherearetwomethodspeopleuse:
lawandphysicalforce.Thefirstmethodisthewayofhumanbeings,andthesecondmethodisthewayofanimals.Greatpoliticalleadersveryoftenusethewayofanimals,buttheyusuallypretendtousethewayofgoodhumanbeings.Theydothistogetandkeeppower.
Peopleareevil,inMachiavelli’sopinion,sowarandfightingarealwaysintheworld;theyareanaturalpartofit.Politicalleadersknowthewayofnature,ofpeople,andanimals,andtheyusetheirknowledgetogetwhattheywant.
36.Accordingtothepassage,apoliticalscientistis_________.
A.apersonwhostudiesscienceinapoliticalway
B.apersonwhostudiespoliticsandscienceatthesametime
C.apersonwhostudiespoliticsinascientificway
D.apersonwhoknowspoliticsaswellasscience
37.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat__________.
A.Machiavelliwasinterestedinfactsandopinions
B.Moralityandpoliticswenttogetherveryoften
C.Machiavellilookedatsciencewiththeeyeofapolitician
D.Machiavellistudiedpoliticsandideasofrightandwrong
38.Accordingtothepassage,intheopinionofMachiavelli,_________
A.humanbeingsareusuallybadandarecertaintofail
B.itisimportantforapoliticalleadertoknowthenatureofhumans
C.politicalleadersarespecialhumanbeingsandhavedifferentmorality
D.powerfulpeopleuseideasofrightandwrongtocontrolthemselves
39.WhichofthefollowingsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?
A.Weakpeopleuseideasofgoodandeviltoexcuseweakness.
B.Powerfulpeopleareafraidtodese
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