EEC初四下unit1 知识点讲解.docx
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EEC初四下unit1 知识点讲解.docx
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EEC初四下unit1知识点讲解
初四下unit1知识点讲解
1.pilen.堆,大堆apileof一堆….apileofbooks/wood一堆书/木头
v.pilesth.onsth把…堆在..上=pilesthwithsth
eg.他总是将报纸堆放在桌子上。
Heoftenpilesthenewspapersonthetable=Heoftenpilesthetablewiththenewspapers.
2.paintv.画,描绘n.涂料,颜料.→n.painting图画painter画家,油漆工
Eg.Heaskedeachofthemtopaintapictureofpeace.Wetpaint.油漆未干
Thenhelookedatthesecondartist’spainting.
3.symboln.象征,标志thesymbolofsth.…的符号/象征。
Thebestpaintingwouldbecomethesymbolofpeaceforthekingdom.
4.calm1)adj.静地,平静的keep/staycalm保持镇定2)v.calmsb/sth.down使人平静,安静镇定3)adv.calmly平静地,安静地,冷静地
Shewascalmlyfeedinghertwotinybabybirds.
Hetookafewdeepbreathstocalmhimselfdown.他深深地吸了几口气使自己平静下来.
5.reflectv.反射,反映reflectsb./sth.
Thelakewascalmandlikeamirror;itreflectedthemountainandthewhitecloudsaboveit.
Amirrorreflectslight.镜子反光.
6.pour灌,喷泻,涌入
我倒了两杯咖啡.I’vepouredtwocupsofcoffee.
大雨如注It’spouring.
7.powerfuladj.强大的,有力的.powerless无力量的,无能为力的.n.power力量,体力Knowledgeispower.知识就是力量。
8.rushv.–rushed---rushed冲,奔,奔腾.rushoutof奔出
Thechildrenrushedoutoftheschool.
Apowerfulwaterfallrusheddownitsside.
9.admirev.---admired—admired赞赏,欣赏admiresbforsth.赞赏,夸奖某人某物
Iadmirehimforhissuccessinbusiness.我佩服他事业有成。
10.likeprep.1).belike像…一样What’syourEnglishteacherlike?
She‘stallandpretty.
What’stheweatherlikeinyourhometown?
2).looklike看起来像Helookslikehisfather.
v.喜欢,喜爱likedoingsth.liketodosth.
11.inwinters每到冬天.Inwinter在冬天
12.beabletodosth.=candosth
Willyoubeabletojoinus?
13.joinv.1)joinsth.加入组织或团体2)joinsbindoingsth./todosth.与某人一起做某事3)joininsth.=takepartinsth=participatein参加活动。
14.duringprep.在…期间,在某段时间内
WhatdidMikedoduringthewinter.迈克在冬天干什么?
15.beperfectforsth./sb.极适合于某人、某物
Summerarejustbeautiful.It’snottoohot,andit’sperfectforpicnics.
Theyareperfectforeachother.
Nobodyisperfect.Practicemakesperfect.
16.belateforsth.;belatetodosth.(做)某事迟到.(可互相转化)
IwaslateforschoolyesterdaybecauseIgotuplate=IwaslatetogotoschoolschoolyesterdaybecauseIgotuplate
Whenyourfriendislateforanappointment,whatdoyoudo?
17.acoupleof可以两人两件事物,也可以指几个人,几件事物。
Afteracoupleofminutes,heseesJennifer.
18.try---tried---tried---trying
1.试着做某事trydoingsth.2.尽力做某事trytodosth.3.尽某人最大努力做某事4.tryone’sbesttodosth.
WhenItriedtoreadChinesesigns,Iwasconfused.
WhenItriedusingchopsticksIdroppedfoodonthetable.
Itriedcallingherbutshedidn’tanswer.我试着给她打电话,但是她没接。
19.1)abitof+un.=alittle+un.一点,少量2)alittle+adj.=abit+adj.有点,稍微3)notalittle不少,很多4)notabit一点也不
20.WhatdoyouthinkisthemosteffectivewaytolearnEnglish?
Wh+插入语+陈述句语序
Whendoyouknowtheywillbeback?
Whodoyouknowtheywillgowith?
Whodoyouknowwillgo?
21.thinkof;thinkabout;thinkover
22.1)callforsb/sth.叫,要求,需求2)callonsb.拜访某人3)callatsp.参观某地4)call(sth.)off取消或放弃某物
Oneday,hecalledforthetwobeatartistsinhiskingdom.
23.feed—fed—fedfeedsth.tosb./sth.
24.1)makesb./sth+adj.2)makesb./sthdosth.3)bemadetodosth.
Whatmadethesecondartist’spaintinglooktrulypeaceful?
Makevt.—made—made
1.做制造建造makesbsth=makesthforsb
Marymadeapaperboatforme=Marymademeapaperboat玛丽为我做了一只纸船
2.做出(某种动作)
Ididn’tmakeanypromise我没有做出任何承诺
3.做使役动词他翻译成“使”用法如下
1).make+名词+形容词WemakeBeijingbeautiful我们使北京变漂亮
2).make+名词+名词Imaketheclassroomahappyworld我使课堂变成欢乐地世界
3).MakesbdosthImakejohnrepairmycar我让约翰修理我的车
4).makeit+形容词/名词todosthImakeitpossibletofinishthisworkintheminutes我使这个工作在十分钟之完成成为可能
5).makeit+形容词/名词+that从句
Imakeitpossiblethatourstudentscanpasstheexams我是我的学生们能通过考试成为可能
语法:
现在完成时(ThePresentPerfectTense)
1.意义
1)表示发生在过去的,对现在仍有影响的动作。
2)表示开始在过去,并且一直延续到现在,甚至还可能延续下去的动作
Eg.Ihavespentallofmymoney.(含义是:
现在我没有钱花了.)
Janehaslaidthetable.(含义是:
现在桌子已经摆好了.)
Michaelhasbeenill.(含义是:
现在仍然很虚弱)
Hehasreturnedfromabroad.(含义是:
现在已在此地)
2.基本结构:
主语+have/has+过去分词(done)
①肯定句:
主语+have/has+过去分词+其他
②否定句:
主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他
③一般疑问句:
Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他
④特殊疑问句:
特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词+其他)
3.现在完成时与一般过去时区别:
1)一般过去时:
陈述一件过去的事,不强调现在。
Ihadmylunchat12:
30.
Hecameherehalfanhourago.
2)现在完成时表示动作发生在过去,对现在造成了影响或产生了结果。
Wehaven'theardofhimbefore.
2)时间状语不同。
4.过去分词的变化
规则动词:
规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。
四点变化规则:
(1)、一般动词,在词尾直接加“ed”。
work---worked---worked,visit---visited---visited
(2)、以“e”结尾的动词,只在词尾加“d”。
live---lived---lived,
(3)、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,将"y"变为"i",再加“ed”。
study---studied---studied,cry---cried---cried,
play---played---played,stay---stayed---stayed
(4)、重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,先双写该辅音字母,再加“ed”。
stop---stopped---stopped,drop---dropped--dropped
2、不规则动词:
AAA型
原型过去式过去分词
costcostcost
cutcutcut
hithithit
hurthurthurt
putputput
setsetset
shutshutshut
spreadspreadspread
letletlet
AAB型
beatbeatbeaten
ABA型
becomebecamebecome
runranrun
comecamecome
特殊情况
readreadread
read原形发音为/ri:
d/,过去式和过去分词发音为/red/
ABB型
bringbroughtbrought
buyboughtbought
buildbuiltbuilt
burnburntburnt
catchcaughtcaught
digdugdug
feelfeltfelt
fightfoughtfought
findfoundfound
hearheardheard
holdheldheld
keepkeptkept
laylaidlaid
leadledled
loselostlost
makemademade
meetmetmet
sellsoldsold
shootshotshot
sitsatsat
standstoodstood
sweepsweptswept
teachtaughttaught
telltoldtold
thinkthoughtthought
winwonwon
ABC型
beginbeganbegun
blowblewblown
breakbrokebroken
choosechosechosen
drawdrewdrawn
drivedrovedriven
drinkdrankdrunk
flyflewflown
forgiveforgaveforgiven
forgetforgotforgotten
freezefrozefrozen
givegavegiven
growgrewgrown
knowknewknown
rideroderidden
riseroserisen
ringrangrung
shakeshookshaken
singsangsung
sinksanksunk
swimswamswum
throwthrewthrown
writewrotewritten
5.※瞬间动词(buy,die,join,lose……)不能直接与for/since连用。
要改变动词
come-begoout-beoutfinish-beoveropen-beopen
die-bedead
1.have代替buy
Mybrotherhashad(不能用hasbought)thisbikeforalmostfouryears.
2、用keep或have代替borrow
Ihavekept(不能用haveborrowed)thebookforquiteafewdays.
3、用be替代become
Howlonghasyoursisterbeenateacher?
4、用haveacold代替catchacold
Tomhashadacoldsincethedaybeforeyesterday.
5、用wear代替puton
b)用“be+形容词”代终止性动词
1、be+married代marry2、be+ill代fall(get)ill
3、be+dead代die4、be+asleep代fall(get)asleep
5、be+awake代wake/wakeup6、be+gone代lose,die,sell,leave
7、be+open代open8、beclosed代close/shut
9、be+missing(gone,lost)代lose
c)用“be+副词”代终止性动词
1“be+on”代start,begin
2“be+up”代getup
3“be+back(to)”代returnto,comebackto,gobackto
4“behere(there)”代come(arrive,reach,get)here或go(arrive,reach,get)there等等
d)用“be+介词短语”代终止性动词
1.“bein/at+地点”代替goto/cometo
2.用beinthearmy代替jointhearmy
3.“bein/at+地点”代替moveto
常用瞬间动词变延续性动词表:
1.havearrivedat/insw.gotto/reachedsw.come/gone/movedtosw.
→havebeeninsw./at…相应的介词
3.havecome/goneout→havebeenout
4.havebecome→havebeen
5.haveclosed/opened→havebeenclose/open
6.havegotup→havebeenup;
7.havedied→havebeendead;
8.haveleftsw.→havebeenawayfromsw.
9.havefallenasleep/gottosleep→havebeenasleep;
10.havefinished/ended/completed→havebeenover;
11.havemarried→havebeenmarried;
12.havestarted/beguntodosth.→havedonesth.;
13.havebegun→havebeenon
14.haveborrowed/bought→havekept/had
15.havelost→haven’thad
16.haveputon→haveworn
17.havecaught/getacold→havehadacold;
18.havegottoknow→haveknown
19.have/hasgoneto→havebeenin
20.havejoined/havetakenpartintheleague/theParty/thearmy
→havebeenamemberof/havebeenin/havebeentheParty’smember/theleaguemember/thesoldier…
6.现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用,
1)often,sometimes,ever,never,twice,before等
HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing
IhaveneverheardBunnysayanythingagainsther.
Ihaveusedthispenonlythreetimes.Itisstillgood.
Georgehasmetthatgentlemanonseveraloccasions.
2)for(twoyears),since1990,since(twoweeksago),since
3)现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,
now,thismorning/week/month/year,just,today,uptopresent,sofar等:
Peterhaswrittensixpaperssofar.
TherehasbeentoomuchraininSanFranciscothisyear.
Thefriendlyrelationsandcooperationbetweenourtwocountrieshavebeenenhancedinthepastfewyears.
7.has/havebeento
has/havegoneto
has/havebeenin
习题部分
I.用所给动词的正确形式填空
1.---I________(see)thefilm“ChickenRun”.
---Whereandwhen________you_______(see)it?
---Lastweek.
2.Morethan15years__________(pass)sinceI______(become)ateacher.
3.Mary_____already_______(have)hersupper.
4.I_______(notwant)toseethefilm.I_______(see)itwithmyparents.We_____(see)itlastSunday.
5.---______UncleWang______(mend)theTVyet?
---Yes,he______.
---When_____he_____it?
---Yesterday.
6.______you_______(read)today’newspaperyet?
7.They_____already_____(do)theirhomework.Buttheydon’tknowwhat_____(do)next.
8.---____you_____(see)thefilmlastnight?
---No,I_____(see)itforseveraltimes.
9.She______(be)illforthreedays.
10.Myfatherboughtabookforme.He____already____(pay)fiftyyuanfor
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