高考英语一轮复习 提分单元加餐练 第八辑 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors 新人教版选修8.docx
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高考英语一轮复习 提分单元加餐练 第八辑 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors 新人教版选修8.docx
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高考英语一轮复习提分单元加餐练第八辑Unit5Meetingyourancestors新人教版选修8
2019年高考英语一轮复习提分单元加餐练第八辑Unit5Meetingyourancestors新人教版选修8
Ⅰ.阅读理解
JustintimeforNationalPopcornDay,anewstudyshowsthatpeopleinwhat'snowPeruwereeatingthesnackabout2,000yearsearlierthanwethought.
Coastalpeopleswerepreparingcorn-basedfoodsupto6,700yearsago,accordingtoanalysisofremainsoftheancientcornrecentlydiscoveredattheParedonesandHuacaPrietaarchaeologicalsitesonPeru'snortherncoast.
Previously,evidenceofcornasafoodabout5,000yearsagohadmostlyefromwhatarecalledmicrofossils—microscopicremainsthatdonotofferinformationonthesizeandshapeofthecorncobs(玉米棒).Butthenewlyfoundcornremainsrevealedalot,viaradiocarbondatingandothertests.
ThepeoplewholivedinParedonesandHuacaPrietaprobablycookedcorninseveralways:
Wrappingacorncobandrestingitoncoals,roastingacorncobdirectlyoveraflame,orcookingacorncobinanearthenoven.Inthisculture,cornwasadeliciousfoodoraminorsupplementtothedietarchaeologicalevidenceshowstheydidnoteatitinlargeamounts.
CornwasfirstgrowninMexicoabout9,000yearsagofromawildgrasscalledteosinte,accordingtoPiperno,whoseresearchhasbeenpublishedinthejournalProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.Afewthousandyearslater,cornwasbroughttoSouthAmerica,wherefarmersbredtheplantcropintohundredsofvarieties.
Indeed,whatsurprisedPipernomostaboutthenewresearchwasthediversityofcorn—fromcorncobshapestokernel(玉米粒)colorsdiscoveredinthenewfoundremains.“Farmersliketoexperimentandgrowcoolthings,”shesaid.
篇章导读:
本文是一篇说明文。
一项新的考古研究发现人类在距今约6,700年前已开始食用玉米,比之前所认为的时间提前了约两千年。
1.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.Ancientpopcornwaseatenabout2,000yearsearlierthanthoughtinPeru
B.Anewdiscoveryrevealedthemysteryaboutcorn
C.HowwascorncookedinancientPeruandSouthAmerica?
D.NationalPopcornDayandthenew-foundcornremainsinPeru
答案:
A标题判断题。
由文章主旨段第一段并纵观全文可知,文章讲的是新的研究发现,人类开始食用玉米的时间比我们认为的还要早大约2,000年,故选A。
2.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthatmicrofossilsofcorn________.
A.showedthatpeoplebegancookingcornabout5,000yearsago
B.offereddetailedinformationonthesizeoftheancientcorncobs
C.showedthespecificshapeoftheancientcorncobs
D.wereanalyzedbyscientistsviaradiocarbondating
答案:
A 细节理解题。
根据第三段第一句话中的“Previously,evidenceofcornasafoodabout5,000yearsagohadmostlyefromwhatarecalledmicrofossils”可知,玉米微化石显示人们在大约5,000年前已开始以玉米为食物。
3.Whatcanweknowaboutthenewlyfoundcornremains?
A.TheyrevealedpeopleinParedonesandHuacaPrietaneverroastedacorncobdirectlyoveraflame.
B.TheyrevealedpeopleinParedonesandHuacaPrietalivedmainlyoncornbasedfoods.
C.Theyshowedushowancientfarmersbredcornfromawildgrass.
D.Theyofferedmoreinformationonancientcornthanmicrofossilsofcorn.
答案:
D推理判断题。
根据第三段第一句话中的“...microscopicremainsthatdonotofferinformationonthesizeandshapeofthecorncobs”和第二句话“Butthenewlyfoundcornremainsrevealedalot...”可知,新发现的玉米遗迹能够比玉米微化石提供更多的关于古代玉米的信息。
4.Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?
A.Remainsofancientcornwerefoundindifferentplacesoftheworld.
B.Variouskindsofcornwerediscoveredinthenew-foundcornremains.
C.Ancientcorncobshapesandkernelcolorsarequitedifferentfromthoseoftoday.
D.Pipernolikestoexperimentandgrowcoolthings.
答案:
B推理判断题。
根据最后一段第一句中的“what
surprisedPipernomostaboutthenewresearchwasthediversityofcorn—fromcorncobshapestokernel(玉米粒)colorsdiscoveredinthenewfoundremains”可知B项正确。
B
TheancientMayamasteredtheartofceramic(制陶艺术)inamannerwhichvirtuallynootherculturedid.
TheVaseoftheSevenGods,madeintheareaofNaranjo,anancientcityoftheMayacivilizationinthepresent-dayPetén,Guatemala,showsthefinewayMayahandledclay.LikeallartofMaya,thisvaseexhibitshighlyreligioussymbols.Furthermore,theartist'snameiscarvedalongthebottomofthispieceintheformofasmallwhiterabbit.
Ceramicsalsoservedasremindersofancestorsandgods.TheFlourDeLisVaseisafineexampleofthis.Thewaterliliesarenotonlysymbolsofnewbirthandlifegivingqualities,butaconstantreminderofpurity.Onthisvase,thewaterliliesarewhite,whichisundoubtedlyasignofpurity.Theblackbackgroundshowsthesea,inwhichtheliliesfloat.
Furthermore,ceramicsservedpracticalfunctionsintheMayaculture.Vases,whicharequitemonlyseentoday,wereusedprimarilytoholdliquidchocolateandcocoa.Bowlswereusedtoholdvariousmaize(玉米)products.MaizewasseenastheimaginarybodyoftheMaizeGodandtheancientMayathoughtthatasoneatethemaizeorthebodyofGodfromthebowl,theyactuallybecameGod.Platesweremerelyusedforanyobject.
Finally,Mayauseddepictionsonceramicstoresurrect(使复活)familymembersandhonorgods.Becausetheybelievethattheywouldebacktolifewiththeirnamesspokenortheirfiguresdrawn,thecarvingsandpaintingsontheseceramicsplayedavitalroleinMayaspirituality.
Clearly,ceramicsservedakeyfunctioninancientMayasocietyfromdinnerplatestoactsofGod.
篇章导读:
本文为说明文,介绍了古老的玛雅文化和古代玛雅人高超的制陶艺术。
5.Whatdoweknowfromthepassage?
A.TheartofceramicoftheancientMayawasinstructedbygods.
B.TheVaseoftheSevenGodswasmadebythepeopleofGuatemala.
C.TheartofceramicoftheancientMayawasthebestintheworldatthattime.
D.Naranjoisawell-knowncityofGuatemalaatpresent.
答案:
C细节理解题。
根据第一段内容可知,古老的玛雅文化中的制陶艺术是当时其他文化所没有掌握的。
因而在当时它也是最好的,故选C。
6.WhichofthefollowingisacharacteristicoftheartofMaya?
A.Sevengodsarecarvedonavase.
B.Avaseexhibitshighlyreligioussymbols.
C.Theartist'snameiscarvedonthetopofavase.
D.Thereisabigwhiterabbitonavase.
答案:
B推理判断题。
根据第二段第二句“LikeallartofMaya,thisvaseexhibitshighlyreligioussymbols.”可知,像所有玛雅艺术品一样,带有七个神明的花瓶展示了高度宗教化的符号,故答案为B。
7.TheancientMayausedtheFlourDeLisVaseto________.
A.remindthemoftheirancestorsandgods
B.holdwaterandgrainorcookfood
C.showtheimportanceofnewbirthandlife
D.expresspeople'spurefriendshipandlove
答案:
A细节理解题。
根据第三段第一、二句“Ceramicsalsoservedasremindersofancestorsandgods.TheFlourDeLisVaseisafineexampleofthis.”可知,古玛雅人以此来祭祀祖先和神明,故答案为A。
8.TheMayacarvednamesandfiguresoffamilymembersonceramicsto________.
A.honortheirfamilymembers
B.berememberedbytheirchildren
C.drawtheattentionoftheshoppers
D.wishtheywouldebacktolife
答案:
D细节理解题。
根据第五段第二句中的“Becausethey
believethattheywouldebacktolifewiththeirnamesspokenortheirfiguresdrawn”可知,他们希望以此方式让家人复活,故答案为D。
Ⅱ.七选五
Urbanization
Untilrelativelyrecently,thevastmajorityofhumanbeingslivedanddiedwithouteverseeingacity.Thefirstcitywasprobablyfoundednomorethan5,500yearsago.__1__Infact,nearlyeveryonelivedonfarmsorintinyrural(乡村的)villages.Itwasnotuntilthe20thcenturythatGreatBritainbecamethefirsturbansocietyinhistory—asocietyinwhichthemajorityofpeopleliveincitiesanddonotfarmforaliving.
Britainwasonlythebeginning.__2__Theprocessof
urbanization—themigration(迁徙)ofpeoplefromthe
countrysidetothecity—wastheresultofmodernization,whichhasrapidlytransformedhowpeopleliveandwheretheylive.
In1990,fewerthan40%ofAmericanslivedinurbanareas.Today,over82%ofAmericansliveincities.Onlyabout2%liveonfarms.__3__
Largecitieswereimpossibleuntilagriculturebecameindustrialized.Eveninadvancedagriculturalsocieties,ittookaboutninety-fivepeopleonfarmstofeedfivepeopleincities.__4__Untilmoderntimes,thoselivingincitiesweremainlytherulingelite(精英)andtheservants,laborersandprofessionalswhoservedthem.Citiessurvivedbytaxingfarmersandwerelimitedinsizebytheamountofsurplusfoodthattheruralpopulationproducedandbytheabilitytomovethissurplusfromfarmtocity.
Overthepasttwocenturies,theIndustrialRevolutionhasbrokenthisbalancebetweenthecityandthecountry.__5__Today,insteadofneedingninety-fivefarmerstofeedfivecitypeople,oneAmericanfarmerisabletofeedmorethanahundrednon-farmers.
A.Thatkeptcitiesverysmall.
B.Therestliveinsmalltowns.
C.Theeffectsofurbanlivingonpeopleshouldbeconsidered.
D.Soonmanyotherindustrialnationsbecameurbansocieties.
E.Buteven200yearsago,onlyafewpeoplecouldliveincities.
F.Modernizationdrewpeopletothecitiesandmadefarmersmoreproductive.
G.Moderncitieshavedestroyedsocialrelationsandthehealthofhumanbeings.
篇章导读:
本文为说明文,介绍了古老的玛雅文化和古代玛雅人高超的制陶艺术。
1.E上文提到5,500年之前出现了第一座城市,根据下文中的“Infact,nearlyeveryonelivedonfarmsorintinyrural(乡村的)villages.”可知,还是几乎所有的人都居住在农村,上下文明显存在转折关系。
2.D前文讲到英国是最早出现的城市化社会;并由下文中的关键词“Theprocessofurbanization...”可知,既然出现了城市化的进程,说明不久许多工业国家变成城市社会。
上下文为顺承关系。
3.B联系上两句中的“...over82%...liveincities”和“Onlyabout2%liveonfarms.”可知,剩下的住在小镇里。
4.A设空处前一句作为原因,导致的结果就是:
使城市一直保持很小的规模,因而A项符合语境,且其中的That指代前一句整句内容;另外,下文中的“Untilmoderntimes,thoselivingincitiesweremainlytherulingelite(精英)andtheservants,laborersandprofessionalswhoservedthem.”也是对A项内容的进一步阐释。
5.F上文是因:
工业革命打破了城乡之间的平衡;选项是果:
现代化使农民进城并使得农业生产效率提高很多;且从下文的描述中可以进一步印证这一结果。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Iamastudentandpart-timewaitressinChicago.__1__Igrewup,Iwasusedtowordssuchas“Don'ttalktostrangers.”Asaresult,Idon'ttalktounknownpeopleatworkexcept__2__(take)orders.
Onenight,anoldman,probablyinhis__3__(eighty),camein.Itookhisorderandwentonmyway.Inoticedthathecameinweekafterweek.__4__(slow),webeganhavingshortconvers
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