《现代大学英语精读2》课文.docx
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《现代大学英语精读2》课文.docx
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《现代大学英语精读2》课文
LessonOne
Pre-classWorkReadthetextathirdtime.Learnthenewwordsandexpressionslistedbelow.
Glossary
accomplishmentn.theactoffinishingsth.completelyandsuccessfully;achievement
acquirev.togain;togetforoneselfbyone'sownwork
arrogantlyadv.behavinginaproudandself-importantway
aspirinn.阿司匹林(解热镇痛药)
assumev.totakeasafact;tosuppose
availableadj.abletobeusedoreasilyfound
bachelorn.~'sdegree:
thefirstuniversitydegree
beanpolen.(infml)averytallandthinperson
bulln.amalecow
certifyv.tostatethatsth.istrueorcorrect,esp.aftersomekindoftest
civilizedadj.educatedandrefined;havinganadvancedculture
clientn.apersonwhopaysforhelporadvicefromapersonororganization
continuityn.thestateofbeingcontinuous
cyaniden.氰化物
democraticadj.basedontheideathateveryoneshouldhaveequalrightsandshouldbeinvolvedinmakingimportantdecisions民主的
disastern.asuddeneventsuchasaflood,storm,oraccidentwhichcausesgreatdamageorsuffering.Here:
acompletefailure
drugstoren.(AmE)ashopwhichsellsmedicine(andavarietyofotherthings)
enrollv.toofficiallyarrangetojoinaschooloruniversity
expertisen.skillinaparticularfield
exposev.toenablesb.toseeorexperiencenewthingsorlearnaboutnewbeliefs,ideas,etc.
facultyn.(AmE)alltheteachersofauniversityorcollege
fragmentn.asmallpieceofsth.
generatev.toproduce
grindv.tocrushintosmallpiecesorpowderbypressingbetweenhardsurfaces
hipn.thefleshypartofeithersideofthehumanbodyabovethelegs
humanityn.thequalitiesofbeinghuman
implicitlyadv.inanimpliedway含蓄地
inevitableadj.certaintohappenandimpossibletoavoid
literaladj.inthebasicmeaningofaword
maintainv.tocontinuetohaveasbefore
Neanderthaln.anearlytypeofhumanbeingwholivedinEuropeduringtheStoneAge
neverthelessadv.inspiteofthat;yet
peculiaradj.belongingonlytoaparticularperson;special;odd
penetratingadj.showingtheabilitytounderstandthingsclearlyanddeeply
pestn.(infml)anannoyingperson
pharmacyn.ashopwheremedicinesarepreparedandsold.Here:
thestudyofpreparingdrugsormedicines
philosophyn.thestudyofthenatureandmeaningofexistence,reality,etc.哲学
pilln.asmallsolidpieceofmedicinethatyouswallowwhole
presidev.tolead;tobeincharge
professionaladj.relatingtotheworkthatapersondoesforanoccupation,esp.workthatrequiresspecialtraining
pursuitn.theactoftryingtoachievesth.inadeterminedway
push-buttonadj.usingcomputersorelectronicequipmentratherthantraditionalmethods
qualifiedadj.havingsuitableknowledgeorexperienceforaparticularjob
rearv.tocareforapersonorananimaluntiltheyarefullygrown
resourcesn.possessionsintheformofwealth,property,skills,etc.thatyouhave资源
savagen.anuncivilizedhumanbeing
scrolln.Here:
acertificateofanacademicdegree
semestern.oneofthetwoperiodsintowhichtheyearisdividedinAmericanhighschoolsanduniversities(=terminBrE)
sensitiveadj.abletounderstandorappreciateart,musicorliterature
shudderv.toshakeuncontrollablyforamoment
specializev.tolimitallormostofone'sstudytoparticularsubjects专修
speciesn.(infml)atype;asort
specimenn.Here:
apersonwhoisunusualinsomewayandhasaqualityofaparticularkind
spiritualadj.relatedtoyourspiritratherthantoyourbodyormind
storev.tokeep
sufficev.tobeenough
ProperNames:
Aristotle亚里士多德Bach巴赫Chaucer乔叟Dante但丁Einstein爱因斯坦Hamlet哈姆雷特
Homer荷马LaRochefoucauld拉罗什富科Shakespeare莎士比亚Virgil维吉尔
AnotherSchoolYear—WhatFor
JohnCiardi
Readthetextonceforthemainidea.Donotrefertothenotes,dictionariesortheglossaryyet.
Letmetellyouoneoftheearliestdisastersinmycareerasateacher.ItwasJanuaryof1940andIwasfreshoutofgraduateschoolstartingmyfirstsemesterattheUniversityofKansasCity.Partofthestudentbodywasabeanpolewithhairontopwhocameintomyclass,satdown,foldedhisarms,andlookedatmeasiftosay"Allright,teachmesomething."TwoweekslaterwestartedHamlet.Threeweekslaterhecameintomyofficewithhishandsonhiships."Look,"hesaid,"Icameheretobeapharmacist.WhydoIhavetoreadthisstuff"Andnothavingabookofhisowntopointto,hepointedtominewhichwaslyingonthedesk.
NewasIwastothefaculty,Icouldhavetoldthisspecimenanumberofthings.Icouldhavepointedoutthathehadenrolled,notinadrugstore-mechanicsschool,butinacollegeandthatattheendofhiscoursemeanttoreachforascrollthatreadBachelorofScience.Itwouldnotread:
QualifiedPill-GrindingTechnician.Itwouldcertifythathehadspecializedinpharmacy,butitwouldfurthercertifythathehadbeenexposedtosomeoftheideasmankindhasgeneratedwithinitshistory.Thatistosay,hehadnotenteredatechnicaltrainingschoolbutauniversityandinuniversitiesstudentsenrollforbothtrainingandeducation.
Icouldhavetoldhimallthis,butitwasfairlyobvioushewasn'tgoingtobearoundlongenoughforittomatter.
Nevertheless,IwasyoungandIhadahighsenseofdutyandItriedtoputitthisway:
"Fortherestofyourlife,"Isaid,"yourdaysaregoingtoaverageouttoabouttwenty-fourhours.Theywillbealittleshorterwhenyouareinlove,andalittlelongerwhenyouareoutoflove,buttheaveragewilltendtohold.Foreightofthesehours,moreorless,youwillbeasleep."
"Thenforabouteighthoursofeachworkingdayyouwill,Ihope,beusefullyemployed.Assumeyouhavegonethroughpharmacyschool—orengineering,orlawschool,orwhatever—duringthoseeighthoursyouwillbeusingyourprofessionalskills.Youwillseetoitthatthecyanidestaysoutoftheaspirin,thatthebulldoesn'tjumpthefence,orthatyourclientdoesn'tgototheelectricchairasaresultofyourincompetence.Theseareallusefulpursuits.Theyinvolveskillseverymanmustrespect,andtheycanallbringyoubasicsatisfactions.Alongwitheverythingelse,theywillprobablybewhatputsfoodonyourtable,supportsyourwife,andrearsyourchildren.Theywillbeyourincome,andmayitalwayssuffice."
"Buthavingfinishedtheday'swork,whatdoyoudowiththoseothereighthoursLet'ssayyougohometoyourfamily.WhatsortoffamilyareyouraisingWillthechildreneverbeexposedtoareasonablypenetratingideaathomeWillyoubepresidingoverafamilythatmaintainssomecontactwiththegreatdemocraticintellectWilltherebeabookinthehouseWilltherebeapaintingareasonablysensitivemancanlookatwithoutshudderingWillthekidsevergettohearBach"
ThatisaboutwhatIsaid,butthisparticularpestwasnotinterested."Look,"hesaid,"youprofessorsraiseyourkidsyourway;I'lltakecareofmyown.Me,I'mouttomakemoney."
"Ihopeyoumakealotofit,"Itoldhim,"becauseyou'regoingtobebadlystuckforsomethingtodowhenyou'renotsigningchecks."
FourteenyearslaterIamstillteaching,andIamheretotellyouthatthebusinessofthecollegeisnotonlytotrainyou,buttoputyouintouchwithwhatthebesthumanmindshavethought.IfyouhavenotimeforShakespeare,forabasiclookatphilosophy,forthecontinuityofthefinearts,forthatlessonofman'sdevelopmentwecallhistory—thenyouhavenobusinessbeingincollege.Youareonyourwaytobeingthatnewspeciesofmechanizedsavage,thepush-buttonNeanderthal.Ourcollegesinevitablygraduateanumberofsuchlifeforms,butitcannotbesaidthattheywenttocollege;ratherthecollegewentthroughthem—withoutmakingcontact.
Noonegetstobeahumanbeingunaided.Thereisnottimeenoughinasinglelifetimetoinventforoneselfeverythingoneneedstoknowinordertobeacivilizedhuman.
Assume,forexample,thatyouwanttobeaphysicist.Youpassthegreatstonehallsof,say,M.I.T.,andtherecutintothestonearethenamesofthescientists.Thechancesarethatfew,ifany,ofyouwillleaveyournamestobecutintothosestones.Yetanyofyouwhomanagedtostayawakethroughpartofahighschoolcourseinphysics,knowsmoreaboutphysicsthandidmanyofthosegreatscholarsofthepast.Youknowmorebecausetheyleftyouwhattheyknew,becauseyoucanstartfromwhatthepastlearnedforyou.
Andasthisistrueofthetechniquesofmankind,soitistrueofmankind'sspiritualresources.Mostoftheseresources,bothtechnicalandspiritual,arestoredinbooks.Booksareman'speculiaraccomplishment.Whenyouhavereadabook,youhaveaddedtoyourhumanexperience.ReadHomerandyourmindincludesapieceofHomer'smind.ThroughbooksyoucanacquireatleastfragmentsofthemindandexperienceofVirgil,Dante,Shakespeare—thelistisendless.Foragreatbookisnecessarilyagift;itoffersyoualifeyouhavenotthetimetoliveyourself,andittakesyouintoaworldyouhavenotthetimetotravelinliteraltime.Acivilizedmindis,inessence,onethatcontainsmanysuchlivesandmanysuchworlds.Ifyouaretoomuchinahurry,ortooarrogantlyproudofyourownlimitations,toacceptasagifttoyourhumanitysomepiecesofthemindsofAristotle,orChaucer,orEinstein,youareneitheradevelopedhumannorausefulcitizenofademocracy.
IthinkitwasLaRochefoucauldwhosaidthatmostpeoplewouldneverfallinloveiftheyhadn'treadaboutit.Hemighthavesaidthatnoonewouldevermanagetobeco
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