总稿新人教版高一英语必修二单元同步语法讲练.docx
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总稿新人教版高一英语必修二单元同步语法讲练.docx
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总稿新人教版高一英语必修二单元同步语法讲练
(总稿)2019新人教版高中英语必修二单元同步语法讲练
前言:
语法是英语教学中很重要的一部分,尽管很多人主张“淡化语法教学”,但是,语法知识渗透在阅读、写作等各个方面,是学英语过程中绕不过去的一个坎儿。
如果把英语看成一棵大树,词汇是枝叶,语法则是树干,是一颗枝繁叶茂的大树的根基。
一般来说,语法掌握不好的同学可能会达到120分,但是很难达到130分以上,因此,只有扎实掌握语法知识,才能达到很高的水平。
但是,一提到语法,就会觉得语法是最麻烦的,零散杂乱,不好记,不会用。
其实,只要把语法用法梳理归类,使其条理化、系统化,就很容易学习和掌握了。
本“单元同步语法讲练”具有以下特点:
1.语法讲解思路清晰、知识条理、系统完整。
(便于学生理解和掌握)
2.训练题目具有科学性、灵活性、典型性和针对性。
(便于学生巩固和运用)
3.教师直接用作教案,学生直接用作学案。
(便于教师从忙碌的备课中解放出来)
目录:
Unit1定语从句(三)-----“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
Unit2现在进行时的被动语态
Unit3现在完成时的被动语态
Unit4过去分词
(一)---作定语和宾语补足语
Unit5过去分词
(二)---作表语和状语
Unit1定语从句(三)-----“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时,我们通常用“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。
关系代词只能用which或whom。
先行词指物时,用which;先行词指人时用whom。
“介词+which(指物)/whom(指人)”引导的定语从句主要有以下几种情况:
1.单个介词+which/whom
介词的选择:
①根据和从句中动词的搭配
②根据和从句中形容词的搭配。
③根据和先行词的搭
④根据句意
注意:
定语从句的谓语动词如果是以介词结尾的短语动词,则不可把介词移至从句之首。
如:
lookfor,lookafter,payattentionto,takecareof,lookforwardto,listento等。
ThemanwithwhomItalkedjustnowisfromBeijingUniversity.刚才和我谈话的那个人是从北京大学来的。
(talkwithsb和某人说话)
YesterdayIvisitedtheWestLakeforwhichHangzhouisfamous.昨天我参观了杭州著名的西湖。
(befamousfor"以……而闻名".)
Hebuiltatelescope,throughwhichhecouldstudystars.
他架起一架望远镜,通过它可以研究星星。
(throughatelescope通过望远镜)
My computer, without which I can’t play computer games,broke down yesterday.
昨天我的电脑坏了,没有它我不能玩电脑游戏。
Thisisthepenthat/whichyouarelookingfor.
这是我正在找的钢笔。
不说:
This is the pen for which I’m looking.
2.介词短语+which/whom
Jackwasafamousdoctor,withthehelpofwhomtheysucceededintheoperation.杰克是一位名医,在他的帮助下他们成功做了手术。
Heworksinafactory,infrontofwhichliesariver.
他在一个工厂工作,工厂前面有一条河。
3.不定代词/数词/名词+ofwhich/whom
(ofwhich/whom也可放前)
Hehastwosons,bothofwhom/ofwhombotharedoctors.
他有两个儿子,他们都是医生。
Johninvitedabout40peopletohiswedding,mostofwhom/ofwhommostarefamilymembers.约翰邀请了大约40人参加他的婚礼,他们当中绝大部分都是自家人。
Thereare60studentsinourclass,41ofwhom/ofwhom41aregirls
我们班有60名学生,其中41名是女生。
Hementionedabook,thetitleofwhich/ofwhichthetitleI'veforgotten.他提到一本书,书的名字我忘了。
4.the+形容词比较级或最高级/序数词+ofwhich/whom
(ofwhich/whom也可放前)
Ouruniversityhasmanylabs,thelargestofwhich/ofwhichthelargestwasbuiltlastyear.我们学校有许多实验室,最大的是去年建造的。
Inhisofficetherearenineclerks,theyoungestofwhom/ofwhomtheyoungestisMr.Liu.他办公室有9位职员,其中最年轻的是刘先生。
Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirstofwhich/ofwhichthefirstIreallyenjoyed.别人给我三本关于烹饪的书,我很喜欢第一本。
5.介词+which/whose+名词
(which/whose作名词的定语)
Hemaybelate,inwhichcasewe’llhavetoputoffthemeeting.
他也许会迟到,那样的话我们只好推迟会议了。
Theboss,inwhosecompanyMr.Smithworks,ismyfriend.这个老板是我的朋友,史密斯先生在他的公司工作。
IwishtothankProfessorSmith,withoutwhosehelpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.我感谢史密斯教授,没有他的帮助,我永远不会取得如此的成就。
注意和并列句的区别:
Theoldmanhasthreesons,oneofwhomisateacher.(定语从句,用引导词whom)
Theoldmanhasthreesons,andoneofthemisateacher.(并列句,用代词them)
Theoldmanhasthreesons;oneofthemisateacher.(分号“;”后的句子是并列句,用代词them)
补充三种特殊情况(供参考)
1.sincewhen引导的定语从句
when指代前面句子所提供的时间背景,从句中多用现在完成时
Thatwasin1997,sincewhenthingshavebeenbetter.
那是在1997年,从那时起情况就已经好转了。
(sincewhen指代since1997)
比较:
Thatwasin1997,whenthingswerebetter.那是在1997年,那时情况有了好转。
.(when指代in1997)
2.fromwhere引导的定语从句
表示从某一个地点
Tomhidhimselfbehindthedoor,fromwherehecouldhearthestepsofhismotherclearly.(fromwhere指代frombehindthedoor)汤姆躲在门后,从那里他可以清楚地听到妈妈的脚步声。
3.介词+which/whom+todo
相当于介词+which/whom引导的定语从句
Ihaveonly$10withwhichtobuyhimapresent.
我只有10美元来给他买礼物。
(=withwhichIcouldbuyhimapresent)
IwanttomakefriendswithJackfromwhomtoimprovemyEnglish.
我想和杰克交朋友,从他那儿提高我的英语水平。
(=fromwhomIcanimprovemyEnglish)
【巩固练习】
一.用“介词+关系代词”合并句子
1.Thedaywillcome.Ordinarypeoplecantravelbyspaceshipontheday
2.MyfathertoldlittleJohntheyear.Hehadstudiedintheyear.
3.Guangzhouwasliberatedontheday.ThedaywasOct.14,1949.
4.Thisisafield.Iusedtogrowvegetablesinthatfield.
5.Doyoustillrememberthosedays?
Weworkedtogetherinthosedays.
6.ThesubjectisEnglish.I'mnotinterestedinEnglish.
7.Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall.Wecouldseewhatwashappeninginsidethehousethroughthewall.
8.Therearemany reasons.Peopleliketravelingforthereasons.
9.Thisisthetrain.Weworkedonthetrainlastyear.
10.ThepenismadeinShanghai.Sheiswritingwiththepen.
11.Heusedtoliveinabighouse.Infrontofitgrewmanybananatrees.
12.Theypassedafactory.Atthebackofthefactorytherewerericefields.
13.Thehouseismine.Thewindowofthehouseisbroken.
14.Intheparktherearemanyflowers.Thecolouroftheflowersisbrightandnice.
15.Myunclehadthreesons.Twoofthemdiedduringthelastearthquake.
16.IamlivingainanEnglishvillage.Lifeispeacefulandtraditionalinthevillage.
17.Ihaveseveralgoodfriends.Icantellmyproblemstothem.
18.Becauseofthe2019-nCoVwehavealongervacation.Duringthetimewedon'tgoouttowork.
19.LiWenliangisahero.Weshouldbeproud.
20.ThevolunteersaidconditionsinWuHanweredifficult.Ispoketohimjustnow.
二.填空
1.Itisafamousschool______________hegraduated3yearsago.
2.Thechair______________heissittingnowismadeofwood.
3.Doyouremembertheday______________youjoinedourclub?
4.Theyfinallyclimbedupthemountain,ontopof_______manystrangebirdswereseen.
5.Ericreceivedtrainingincomputerforoneyear,______________hefoundajobinabigcompany.
6.Lookatthephoto.ThisisMr.Green,infrontof_______sitthreestudents.
7.Theplane______________weflewtoCanadaisverycomfortable.
8.Therearemanyreasons______________peopleliketraveling.
9.ThisistheiPad_____________Ispent3000yuan.
10.Thisismypairofglasses,______________Icannotseeclearly.
11.He’llneverforgettheday______________hewasadmittedtotheOlympicGamesforthefirsttime.
12.Themusicians___________wehavegreatinteresttouredEuropewithus.
13Someexpertsthinkreadingisthefundamentalskill____________schooleducationdepends.
14.Whocangivemethereason______________hehasn’tturnedupyet?
15.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson______________shecouldturnforhelp.
16.Theman______________youshookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster.
17..ShewaseducatedatBeijingUniversity,______________shewentontohaveheradvancedstudyabroad.
18.Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people,manyof________lefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.
19.TheEnglishplay______________mystudentsactedattheNewYear’spartywasagreatsuccess.
20.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown______________hegrewupasachild.
21.Villagersheredependonthefishingindustry,______________therewon'tbemuchwork.
22.Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneof______Ihadevermetbefore.
23.JuliewasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allof________shespokefluently.
24.Manyyoungpeople,mostof________werewell-educated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.
25.Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachof________usesitdifferently.
26.Hewrotemanychildren’sbooks,nearlyhalfof____werepublishedinthe1990s.
27.Inourclassthereare46students,of_____halfwearglasses.
28.September30isthedayby_____youmustpayyourbill.
29.MarkwasastudentatBeijingUniversityfrom2012to2016,during_____timehestudiedveryhardandwasmadeChairmanoftheStudents’Union.
30.Withthedevelopmentofagriculture,thepeople,in______villageItaughtbefore,havelivedahappylife.
答案:
一.1.Thedayonwhichordinarypeoplecantravelbyspaceshipwillcome.
2.MyfathertoldlittleJohntheyearinwhichhehadstudied.
3.Oct14,1949wasdayonwhichGuangzhouwasliberated.
4.ThisisthefieldinwhichIusedtogrowvegetables.
5.Doyoustillrememberthosedaysinwhichweworkedtogether.
6.ThesubjectinwhichI'mnotinterestedisEnglish.
7.Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall,throughwhichwecouldseewhatwashappeninginsidethehouse.
8.Therearemany reasonsforwhichpeopleliketraveling.
9.Thisisthetrainonwhichweworkedlastyear.
10.ThepenwithwhichsheiswritingismadeinShanghai.
11.Heusedtoliveinabighouseinfrontofwhichgrewmanybananatrees.
12.Theypassedafactoryatthebackofwhichtherewerericefields.
13.Thehousethewindowofwhichisbrokenismine.
14.Intheparktherearemanyflowers,thecolourofwhichisbrightandnice.
15.Myunclehadthreesons,twoofwhomdiedduringthelastearthquake.
16.IamlivingainanEnglishvillage.Lifeispeacefulandtraditionalinthevillage.
17.IhaveseveralgoodfriendstowhomIcantellmyproblems.
18.Becauseofthe2019-nCoVwehavealongervacationduringwhichwedon'tgoouttowork.
19.Liwenliangisaheroofwhomweshouldbeproud.
20.ThevolunteertowhomIspokejustnowsaidconditionsinWuHanweredifficult.
二.1.fromwhich2.onwhich3.onwhich4.which5.afterwhich6.whom7.inwhich
8.forwhich9.onwhich10.withoutwhich11.onwhich12.inwhom13.onwhich14.forwhich15.towhom16.withwhom17.afterwhich18.whom19.inwhich20.inwhich21.withoutwhich
22.whom23.which24.whom25.which26.which27.whom28.which29.which30.whose
总之,定语从句是历年高考的重要考点,也是中学阶段最难的语法项目之一,对理解长难句起着很重要的作用,同学们一定要下功夫,扎扎实实学好,对提升英语水平有很大的帮助。
Unit2现在进行时的被动语态
现在进行时的被动语态表示“说话时或现阶段正在被干的动作”,主语是动作的承受者。
一.现在进行时被动语态的构成
1.肯定形式:
主语+am/is/are+being+过去分词
Thehouseisbeingpainted.房子正在被粉刷。
2.否定形式:
主语+am/is/are+not+being+过去分词
Thetreesarenotbeingwatered.
树木没有正
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