unit4 听力原文.docx
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unit4听力原文
Unit4
SectionOneTacticsforListening
Part1SpotDictation
StephenPowelson’sAmazingMemory
WhenStephenPowelsonwasnine,hisschoolorganizeda
(1)weeklycontestinmemorizingpassagesfromtheBible.Stephenpaid
(2)noattentionuntilhewaschided*for(3)notcompeting.ThenextSundayhesurprisedeveryoneby(4)recitingallthepassagesforthe(5)entireyear.
Asateenagerinprepschool,StephentookGreek.Histeacher(6)assigned21linesoftheIliad*tobememorized(7)inaweek.Attheendofthehour-thoughhe(8)insistedhepaidfullattentiontothe(9)lecture-Stephenknewall21.Hewentontomemorizethefirst(10)100lines.
In1978,forthefirsttime(11)sincecollege,Powelson,now60,hadsome(12)sparetime.Tokeephismindactive,herereadtheIliadand(13)discoveredthathestillknewthefirst100lines(14)byheart.
Thatsomeonecouldmemorizesomuchbetweenages60and70is(15)astonishingtomostpeople,whoare(16)convincedthatmemory(17)worsensaswegrowolder.
Powelson'smethodisto(18)readabookintohistaperecorder,thenreaditseveralmoretimes,makingsureheunderstands(19)eachword."Also,"hesays,"Iattemptto(20)visualizemyselfaspartoftheaction."
Part2ListeningforGist
Youmightnotknowhowrarelyimagesarevieweddirectlythroughtelescopes.Themostcommonwaytoobservetheskiesistophotographthem.Theprocessisverysimple.First,aphotographicplateiscoatedwithalight-sensitivematerial.Theplateispositionedsothattheimagereceivedbythetelescopeisrecordedonit.Thentheimagecanbedeveloped,enlarged,andpublishedsothatmanypeoplecanstudyit.
Becausemostastronomicalobjectsareveryremote,thelightwereceivefromthemisratherfeeble.Butbyusingatelescopeasacamera,longtimeexposurescanbemade.Inthisway,objectscanbephotographedthatareahundredtimestoofainttobeseenbyjustlookingthroughatelescope.
1.Thispassageisabouthowtophotographastronomicalobjects.
2.Thekeywordsarephotographicplate,coated,light-sensitivematerial,positioned,received,recorded,developed,enlarged,published,remote,feeble,telescope,camera,longtimeexposures.
SectionTwoListeningComprehension
PartoneDialogue
TunisianHoliday
(SomeoneisenquiringabouttheTunisianholiday.)
Agent:
Hello,BathTravel.
Client:
Hello,I'dliketofindoutmoreaboutyourTunisianholidayforamateurarchaeologists.I'vereadaboutitinthepaper,butI'dliketoknowmoreaboutwhatisinvolved.
Agent:
Youmeanyou'dliketoknowtheitinerary?
Client:
Yes,that'sright.
Agent:
Allright.Justbriefly,youarriveinTunisatmiddayonthefirstdayandgobycoachtoLaMarsa.Thenthereisashortbriefingbythearchaeologistandthentherestofthedayyouarefreetoexplore.
TheseconddayyougetupbeforedawnandgotoCarthagetoseethesunrise.YouhavebreakfastandalecturethereandthengobycoachtoMansoura,wheretherearebeautifulcoves.Afterlunchyoucanwalkalongthebeach,toKerkouane.Thewalktakesaboutfourhours.Kerkouaneisoneofthemostrecentandmostexcitingsites.ThenbycoachtoKelibia,afishingvillage,intimeforsunsetovertheharbor.
Client:
Thatsoundsratheralongwalk.
Agent:
Well,it'saneasywalk.Flatalltheway,andverypretty.Butyoucangobycoach,ifyouprefer.ThethirddayyouspendinHammametonCapBon,andthedayisfreetoenjoythetown.It'salovelyoldtownandresort.AndthefourthdayyoutakethecoachtotheruinofEIDjem,whichisamagnificentamphitheatre*.YouhavelunchinSfaxandthenyoutaketheferrytothebeautifulKerkennahIslands.
Client:
Islands,yousay?
Agent:
Yes,they'reverypeacefulandyouspendthefifthdaythere.Thefishermenwilltakeeveryoneoutontheirsailingboatsandtherewillbeafishermen'spicnic.OnthesixthdayyouvisittheGreatMosqueofKairouanandhaveapicniclunch.ThentakethecoachtothelovelyportofBizerteforthelastnight.AndthefinaldaythereisavisittotheancientRomancapitalofUticawithitsfantasticmosaics*andthenacoachtoTunisInternationalAirport.
Client:
Haveyougotafullbrochurewhichgivesmoredetails?
Exercise
Directions:
Listentothedialogueandcompletethefollowingitinerary.
Tunisianholidayforamateurarchaeologists
Day
Activities
Thefirstday
ArriveinTunisatmiddayandgobycoachtoLaMarsa.Thenthereisashortbriefingbythearchaeologist.
Thesecondday
GetupbeforedawnandgotoCarthagetoseethesunrise.YouhavebreakfastandalecturethereandthengobycoachtoMansoura,wheretherearebeautifulcoves.Afterlunchyoucanwalkalongthebeach,toKerkouane,whichisoneofthemostrecentandmostexcitingsites.ThenbycoachtoKelibia,afishingvillage,intimeforsunsetovertheharbor.
Thethirdday
SpendinHammametonCapBontoenjoythetown.It'salovelyoldtownandresort.
Thefourthdayandfifthday
TakethecoachtotheruinofElDjem,whichisamagnificentamphitheatre.HavelunchinSfaxandthentaketheferry!
.tothebeautifulKerkennahIslands.Thefishermenwilltakeeveryoneoutontheirsailingboatsandtherewillbeafishermen’spicnic.
Thesixthday
VisittheGreatMosqueofKairouanandhaveapicniclunch.ThentakethecoachtothelovelyportofBizerteforthelastnight.
Thefinalday
ThereisavisittotheancientRomancapitalofUticawithitsfantasticmosaicsandthenacoachtoTunisInternationalAirport.
Part2Passage
MexicanGrayWolf
1)Aftermorethanacenturyofassaultbyhumans,thewolfpopulationhaddwindledtonomorethanahandfulbythe1970sinMexicoandtheAmericansouthwest.
2)Theprogramisnowabouthalfwaytomeetingitsgoalofa"wild"populationofatleast100wolvescoveringmorethan12,800squarekilometers.
3)Decisionsaboutmating,movementamongthe45captive-breedingfacilitiesandreleasesintothewildaremadebyaUS-Mexicancommitteeofscientists,landownersandothers.
4)Awolfwithraregenes-untilithassuccessfullyreproduced-willneverbereleasedbecauseofthehighmortalityrateinthewild.
5)Therecoveryprogramisgraduallymovingawayfromfreeingcaptive-bornwolves,asthepopulationofpupsbornfreetakesoff.
FranciscoandSheilawerepioneersinafederalprograminEureka,32kilometerssouthwestofS1.Louis,theUnitedStates,torestoretheendangeredMexicangraywolf,therarestandmostgeneticallydistinctsubspeciesofgraywolfinNorthAmerica.
Aftermorethanacenturyofassaultbyhumans,thewolfpopulationhaddwindledtonomorethanahandfulbythe1970sinMexicoandtheAmericansouthwest.
Theresearchcenter,popularlyknownastheWolfSanctuary*,wasfoundedin1971byMarlinPerkins,aworld-renownednaturalistandformerdirectoroftheSt.LouisZoo,andhiswifeCarol.BesidestheMexicanwolf,thesanctuaryworkswiththeendangeredredwolf,namedwolf,swiftfox/andAfricanwilddogs.
Inthelate1970s,thelastsevenknownwolveswerecapturedinthewildortakenfromzoostobeginthebreedingprogram.In1981,thefirstcaptive-bredlitterofMexicangraywolvesproducedinthefederalprogramwasbornattheWildCanidCenter,andthefirstreleaseintothewildtookplacein1998.Theprogramisnowabouthalfwaytomeetingitsgoalofa"wild"populationofatleast100wolvescoveringmorethan12,800squarekilometers.
Thoughincaptivitythemselves,FranciscoandSheilataughttheirpupssowellthatmanyarethrivinginthewild.Theywereidealparents.Theyraised25babies,taughtthemgoodsurvivalskillsandsentmanyofthemofftoliveontheirown.
NineofFranciscoandSheila'soffspringwereamongthefirst11captive-bornMexicangraywolvesreleasedin1998.Bothparentwolveshavesincedied-Franciscoatage14inDecember.Sheilaatage16inJune2000-buttheylived,ascaptivewolvesoftendo,roughlytwiceaslongaswolvesinthewild.TodaytheWildCanidSurvivalandResearchCenterinEurekaestimatesthat98percentofMexicanwolvesreleasedfromthefederalprogramaredescendantsoftheprolific*lobo*pair.
About250lobosnowliveincaptivityat45USandMexicanfacilities.TheWildCanidCenter,however,hasproducedmorepuppiesandhousedmoreMexicangraysthananyotherfacility.
TheWildCanidCenterisideated*on25isolatedhectareswithinWashingtonUniversity'sTysonResearchCenter.Thewolvesliveinlargeoutdoorenclosureswithminimalhumancontact.Theylearntohunt,raiseyoung,liveinnaturalfamilypacks,andtobesuspiciousofpeople-allnecessaryskillsforsurvivinginthewild.
Decisionsaboutmating,movementamongthe45captive-breedingfacilitiesandreleasesintothewildaremadebyaUS-Mexicancommitteeofscientists,landownersandothers.Theyalsomaintainageneticdatabase.Awolfwithraregenes-untilithassuccessfullyreproduced-willneverbereleasedbecauseofthehighmortalityrateinthewild.It'snotuncommonforfreedwolvestobestruckbycarsorshotbyhunters;inrecentweeks,fivehavedied.
Despitethelosses,releasedwolvesarereproducing.Therecoveryprogramisgraduallymovingawayfromfreeingcaptive-bornwolves,asthepopulationofpupsbornfreetakesoff.Scientistswanttoletnaturedecidewhat'sagoodwolfandwhat'snotthroughnaturalselection.
ExerciseAPre-listeningQuestion
Thewolfisalargememberofthecaninefamily.Mostoftheadultgreywolvesweighinthevicinityof75to125pounds(34to56kilograms).Wolvesliveinfamilygroupscalledpacks.Apackisusuallymadeupofamaleparent,afemaleparent,th
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