新视野英语3B 卷.docx
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新视野英语3B 卷.docx
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新视野英语3B卷
NEWHORIZONcollegeEnglish
新视野大学英语3英语试卷B卷(金融11会计升本)
ⅠFillintheblanswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.(10%)
justicbeneathdisguisepledgewhistlegraspfaithfullrestraindeliverypraymerrylongterrordrain
1Withhisindexfinger,Pattersonpointedtowardaplaincolor-codedbox_____alongwoodentable.
2He____himselfasawaiterandwatchedwhatwasgoingonaround.
3Heoften____atuneduringthemoringteabreakwhenhisbossisnotaround.
4Andagainsheshoutedinahigh-pitchedvoice,wordbyword,wirhnoattempto____herself,“Iconntstandanymore.”
5Therewerecertainpeopleinthatroom,likePeterandJohn,whohadfailedto____whatIwassaying.
6DuringthattimeIwasoverwhelmedwith____forthoseinnocentdaysofearlychildhood.
7I’mjust____forthattheboardofdirecttakesstepsbeforeitistoolate.
8Shewasthedirect’s____assistantinwhomhecouldhaveabsoluteconfidence.
9Thesedevelopers____tobuildlow-incomehousingunitswhenthesupplyofaffordablehousingforpoorpeoplecontinuestoshrink.
10Peoplehavebeenmobilizedtobuilddefensesand____gloodedlandasheavyrainscontinuetofall.
ⅡClose.(20%)
JimFixxhadbeenaheavysmokerandweighed214poundswhenhe1__runninginthe1960’s.Hesoon2__thebenefitsfromtherunning.Hisweightdecrease3__60poundsbythetimehisbook,TheCompleteBookofRunning,waspublished.Hisbook4__millionsofpeople.Inhisbookandontelevisiontalkshows,heextolled(赞美)thebenifitsofphysicalexerciseandhowit5__increasedtheaveragepeople’slifeexpectancy.Hisreadersandaudiencebecamemorehealth-conscious.However,6__theirshocked,Fixxdiedatageof52afterhisdailyrun.Manywhoopposedhisbeliefssaidthiswas7__thatrunningwasharmful.However,hissupporters8__thattherealcauseofFixx’sdeathwasaheartattack.Hecamefromafamilywheremenhadpoorhealthstories.Hisfather9__aheartattackattheageof35anddiedofoneat42.10__Fixx’sunhealthlifestyleuntilhetookuprunning,manyarguedthatrunningaddedmanyyearstohislife.
“Runningdoeshaveitsshortcomings,”11__heartspecialistPaulThomas,inarecentmedicaljournal.“The12__canbehardonyourknees.Runnersaremoreatriskduringtheirtraining,13__iftheyrnmarathons(马拉松).14__,thenewsforrunnerisn’tallbad.Evidencecanactually16__alonger,improvedlife.”
Dr.DaleMacdonald,acertifiedStrenghandConditionspcialistonce17__adiscussionbysaying,“18__allathleticendeaors,runningcomewithbothgreat19__andinherentrisk.Morethan60%ofrunnerswillsufferaninjurythatcausesthemtotaketimeoffrunning–eachyear!
”Healsosaidthatimprovingone’sbalancecanreducethe20__ofinjury.
1.AtookdownBtookinCtookonDtookup
2.ApraisedBfavoredCreapedDapplied
3.AatBinCbyDfor
4.AinspiredBdisappointedCawardedDrewarded
5.AcompatibleBadvisableCagreeableDconsiderable
6.AtoBforCbyDwith
7.AenduranceBevidenceCsupplementDallowance
8.ArewroteBrevisedCreversedDrevealed
9.AobtainedBsustainedCsufferedDsurpassed
10.ADespiteBGivenCForDBecauseof
11.AacknowledgesBpledgesCcommunicatesDapologizes
12.AconsequenceBimpactCweightDpress
13.AexplictlyBsingularlyCcommonlyDparticularly
14.AHoweverBFurthermoreCMoreoverDAlso
15.AextremeBmodestCextensiveDmoderate
16.AresultinBkeeponCholdonDcomeabout
17.AtookupBheldupCputupDsummedup
18.AAsforBAstoCAswithDAs
19.AremedyBoutcomeCrewardDaward
20.AlikelihoodBchanceCopportunityDprobability
ⅢReading.
ALookingatfollowingstatementsforthefollowingreading.Whicharefacts?
Whichareopinions.MakeeschwithO(foropinion)F(forfact).(12%)
()1Justasexercisestrengthenstheheartandlungs,bonesandmusles,itmayalsopowerupthebrain.
()2Hisstudieswithratshavedemonstratedtwoprimaryeffectsofacticity:
Vigorousphysicalexerciseprovidesthebrainwithmorefuel,andskill-basedexerciseincreasetheformationofconnectionsinthebrain,which,accordingtotheproposalsofsomescientists,maymakethebrainbetterabletoprocessinformation.
()3Humanstudieshavefocusedprimarilyonolderadultsandsuggestthatregularexercisecanimprovethespeedwithwhichthebrainprocessesinformation.
()4Thisboostinreactiontimeaftertrainingmayoccurbecausedeclinesassociateswithgettingoldcouldactuallystefromdeclinesinphysicalcondition.
()5Butuntilrecently,theacademicedgegainedbyparticipatinginsportswasthoughttocomefromtheincreaseself-confidence,thebettermood,andtheabilitytoconcentratethatfromburningoffsteaminexercise.
()6Consequently,thebrainsofpeoplewhoexercisemaybebetterequippedtotacklementalchallenges.
Justasexercisestrengthenstheheartandlungs,bonesandmuscles,itmayalsopowerupthebrain.Asuccessionofscientificstudiesofanimalsimpliesthatphysicalactivityhasapositiveeffectonmentalfunctioning.
“It’sclearthatthebrainbenefitsfromexercise,”saysbrainscientistWilliamGreenoughoftheUniversityofIllinoisatUrbana-Champaign.Hisstudieswithratshavedemonstratedtwoprimaryeffectsofactivity:
Vigorousphysicalexerciseprovidesthebrainwithmornfuel,andskill-basedexerciseincreasestheformationofconnectionsinthebrain,which,accordingtotheproposalsofsomescientists,maymakethebrainbetterabletoprocessinformation.
Inoneexperiment,laboratoryratswereseparatedintothreegroups.Onegroupwasexercisedbyrunninginsideanautomaticwheel,asecondgroupimprovedtheirskillsinacomplicatedobstaclecourse,andathirdgroupwasinactive.
“Theanimalsthatlearnedtogothroughtheobstaclecourseexhibitedagreaternumberofbrainconnectionsthantheanimalsinexercisedorinactivegroups,”Greenoughsaid.“Incontrast,theanimalsthatexercisedinsidetheautomaticwheelpossessedagreaterdensityofbloodvesselsinthebrainthandideitheroftheothertwogroupsofanimals.”
Learninganewdancestepmayboostthebraininthesamewaythatlearningalanguagecan,hesays.Andifthedanceisagoodphysicalexerciseaswell,thebenefitsmultiply.Youngbrainsmaybeespeciallyabletoboostbrainpowerthroughexercise,suggestedanotherofGreenough’sexperimentsthatshowedthemostsignificantchangesinthebrainoccurredamongratsthathadbeenexercisedwhenveryyoung.Andwhileanimalsaren’tpeople,hesaysitislogicaltomaketheinferencethataneffectfoundinratsmayalsoapplytohumans.
Humanstudieshavefocusedprimarilyonolderadultsandsuggestthatregularexercisecanimprovethespeedwithwhichthebrainprocessesinformation.MeasurementsmadebyArthurKramerattheUniversityofIllinoisdemonstatedthatinactiveadults,aged63to82,couldhitbuttonsfasterinresponsetoatoneaftertheywentthrougha10-weekwaterexercise.Acorrespondingcontrolgroupthatdidn’texerciseshowednoimprovement.
Thisboostinreactiontimeafterexercisetrainingmayoccurbecausedeclinesassociatedwithgettingoldcouldactuallystemfromdeclinesinphysicalcondition.Somescientistsspeculatethereductioninmentalfunctionoftenattributedtogettingoldmayreallybeapenaltyofneglectingtostayphysicallyactive,inadditiontorelatedfactorssuchasmedicinesandpoordiet.
“Inolderpeople,anexerciseprogramappearsimportantforbrainmaintenance,”saysDanielM.Landers,professorofexercisescienceatArizonaStateUniversity,whorecentlypublishedanarticlereviewingthescientificliteratureonactivity’seffectonthebrain.
Numerousstudiesshowthatchildrenwhoengageinregularphysicalactivitydobetterinschoolthantheirinactiveclassmates.Butuntilrecently,theacademicedgegainedbyparticipatinginsportswasthoughttocomefromtheincreasedself-confidence,thebettermood,andtheabilitytoconcentratethatcomesfromburningoffsteaminexercise.Now,however,somescientistshaverevisedtheirwayofthinking,andpointtopossiblephysicalconnections.
PierceJ.Howard,anotherexpert,saysnewresearchindicatesthatphysicalexerciseincreasestheamountofcertainbrainchemicalsthatstimulategrowthofnervecells.Consequently,thebrainsofpeoplewhoexercisemaybebetterequippedtotacklementalchallenges.
Inactivitymayalsohavenegativeeffectsonmindandbodyalike.“Scientistsrecognizethatmindisbody,andbodyismind,”commentsHoward.Themostbeneficialformsofexercise,hesays,engageboth.
BChoosethebestanswertoeachoffollowingquestions.(24%)
1Onepositiveeffectofexerciseisthatitcan____.
AcorrecthearttroubleBhealbonesthathavebeenbroken
CfightlungdiseaseDmakethebrainfunctionbetter
2Whatspecialeffectdoesskill-basedexercisehaveonbrain?
AProvidingmoreenergy.BLearningtoformationofmoreconnections.CMskingpartofthebraininactive.DCleraingthebrainofcertainthoughts.
3While___ofratsshowedagreaternumberofbrainconnections,____hadagreaterdensityofbloodvesselsinthebrain.
Athefirstgroup;thethirdgroupBthesecondgroup;thethirdgroupCthefirstgroup;theseconfgroupDthesecondgroup;thefirstgroup
4Onepossiblereasonforscientiststomakeexperimentswithratsisthat___.
AratsbenefitfromtheexpermentsBtheexperimentscanboostthebrainsoftheratsCaneffectfoundinratsmayalsoapplytohumansDanimalsandhumansareverymuchalike
5ArthurKramer,attheUniversityofIllinois,conductedhisresearchon___.
AolderpeopleBhumanbrainCratsDchildren
6Ac
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